ASSESSING RISKS TO BIODIVERSITY FROM FUTURE
... overlaying maps of currently protected areas, Gap Analysis determines the number of species currently not protected. The long-term conservation of biological diversity is dependent not only on establishment of protected areas however, but also on maintaining hospitable environments and viable popula ...
... overlaying maps of currently protected areas, Gap Analysis determines the number of species currently not protected. The long-term conservation of biological diversity is dependent not only on establishment of protected areas however, but also on maintaining hospitable environments and viable popula ...
The role of behavioural variation in the invasion of
... Behaviour determines the rate at which invasive species spread, as well as the impact they have on natives. When behaviour varies between individuals (as it almost always does), then the mean behaviour is often less important than the extremes of behaviour. The rate at which a species spreads, for e ...
... Behaviour determines the rate at which invasive species spread, as well as the impact they have on natives. When behaviour varies between individuals (as it almost always does), then the mean behaviour is often less important than the extremes of behaviour. The rate at which a species spreads, for e ...
ORN_chap3
... • breeding ranges of some birds fall in two or more discrete areas, separated by hundreds or thousands of kilometers • as distances greatly exceed normal dispersal distances and subpopulations become genetically isolated, there is the possibility for independent evolution • may arise by splitting of ...
... • breeding ranges of some birds fall in two or more discrete areas, separated by hundreds or thousands of kilometers • as distances greatly exceed normal dispersal distances and subpopulations become genetically isolated, there is the possibility for independent evolution • may arise by splitting of ...
a haunting legacy from isoclines: mammal
... Many of OUf concepts about species coexistence are rooted finnly in the analysis of competitor isoclines whose slopes estimate the average magnitude of competition. Realistically, competition will vary among habitats, and habitat selection will be a major contributor to coexistence. Competition will ...
... Many of OUf concepts about species coexistence are rooted finnly in the analysis of competitor isoclines whose slopes estimate the average magnitude of competition. Realistically, competition will vary among habitats, and habitat selection will be a major contributor to coexistence. Competition will ...
Alternative stable states and regional community structure
... previous occupant reduced resource levels below what is required for invasion by another species. Thus, species may alter the local environment in ways that favor later colonization by conspecifics. To consider the dynamics of such a system, we modified Model 1 to include a latency period after a spec ...
... previous occupant reduced resource levels below what is required for invasion by another species. Thus, species may alter the local environment in ways that favor later colonization by conspecifics. To consider the dynamics of such a system, we modified Model 1 to include a latency period after a spec ...
Western Society of Weed Science, Albuquerque, New Mexico
... experiment to test the response of plant community richness to four treatments: manual removal of B. tectorum, ground disturbance to mimic that caused in the manual removal plots, herbicide application (fall application of Plateau at 10 oz/acre). We hypothesize that the response to treatments will v ...
... experiment to test the response of plant community richness to four treatments: manual removal of B. tectorum, ground disturbance to mimic that caused in the manual removal plots, herbicide application (fall application of Plateau at 10 oz/acre). We hypothesize that the response to treatments will v ...
Markov Chain Analysis of Succession in a Rocky Subtidal Community
... Witman 1997). Nine permanently marked 0.25-m2 quadrats, positioned horizontally along a 20-m span of the rock wall habitat, were photographed each year with a Nikonos camera mounted on a quadrapod frame (Witman 1985). A total of 14 species of sponges, sea anemones, ascidians, bryozoans, and polychae ...
... Witman 1997). Nine permanently marked 0.25-m2 quadrats, positioned horizontally along a 20-m span of the rock wall habitat, were photographed each year with a Nikonos camera mounted on a quadrapod frame (Witman 1985). A total of 14 species of sponges, sea anemones, ascidians, bryozoans, and polychae ...
Oak Savanna - WordPress.com
... It is important to educate landowners of the benefits of keeping oak savanna in their landscape since most of the remaining oak habitat is on private land. Oak savannas potential performance under predicted climate change conditions provide meaningful motivation for maintaining oak savanna on privat ...
... It is important to educate landowners of the benefits of keeping oak savanna in their landscape since most of the remaining oak habitat is on private land. Oak savannas potential performance under predicted climate change conditions provide meaningful motivation for maintaining oak savanna on privat ...
Climate Change in the Baltic Sea region
... of phosphorus and nitrogen according to the Baltic Sea Action Plan. This uncertainty makes it difficult to estimate the future impact of the predicted climate change on deep-water benthos. Benthic communities in shallow-water with hard and soft bottoms differ markedly from those in deep-water areas, ...
... of phosphorus and nitrogen according to the Baltic Sea Action Plan. This uncertainty makes it difficult to estimate the future impact of the predicted climate change on deep-water benthos. Benthic communities in shallow-water with hard and soft bottoms differ markedly from those in deep-water areas, ...
Interactive effects of habitat modification and species invasion on
... Figure I. Empirical examples of interactive effects. (a) Interaction chain effect, in which habitat degradation in the Mediterranean Sea caused an increase in abundance of the invasive mussel B. pharaonis, displacing the native mussel M. minimus in near-shore habitats through increased propagule pre ...
... Figure I. Empirical examples of interactive effects. (a) Interaction chain effect, in which habitat degradation in the Mediterranean Sea caused an increase in abundance of the invasive mussel B. pharaonis, displacing the native mussel M. minimus in near-shore habitats through increased propagule pre ...
Ecological Applications at the Level of Organisms and Single
... ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS AT THE LEVEL OF ORGANISMS AND SINGLE-SPECIES POPULATIONS appropriate for them. However, management strategies often rely on an ability to predict where species might do well, whether we wish to restore degraded habitats, predict the future distribution of invasive species (a ...
... ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS AT THE LEVEL OF ORGANISMS AND SINGLE-SPECIES POPULATIONS appropriate for them. However, management strategies often rely on an ability to predict where species might do well, whether we wish to restore degraded habitats, predict the future distribution of invasive species (a ...
Using Historical and Experimental Data to Reveal
... link between changes in biota and changes in climate. Experiments that manipulate temperature can overcome this issue of attribution, but long-term impacts of warming are difficult to test directly. Here we combine historical and experimental data to explore effects of warming on ant assemblages in ...
... link between changes in biota and changes in climate. Experiments that manipulate temperature can overcome this issue of attribution, but long-term impacts of warming are difficult to test directly. Here we combine historical and experimental data to explore effects of warming on ant assemblages in ...
Evolutionary consequences of changes in species` geographical
... matic oscillations select for vagility (dispersal ability and propensity) and generalism (Fig. 1, Boxes 3 and 4). Organisms must be vagile enough to track their moving habitat. For example, in lodge-pole pine Pinus contorta, which is expanding northwards, seed dispersability is highest in recently f ...
... matic oscillations select for vagility (dispersal ability and propensity) and generalism (Fig. 1, Boxes 3 and 4). Organisms must be vagile enough to track their moving habitat. For example, in lodge-pole pine Pinus contorta, which is expanding northwards, seed dispersability is highest in recently f ...
Evolutionary consequences of changes in species` geographical
... matic oscillations select for vagility (dispersal ability and propensity) and generalism (Fig. 1, Boxes 3 and 4). Organisms must be vagile enough to track their moving habitat. For example, in lodge-pole pine Pinus contorta, which is expanding northwards, seed dispersability is highest in recently f ...
... matic oscillations select for vagility (dispersal ability and propensity) and generalism (Fig. 1, Boxes 3 and 4). Organisms must be vagile enough to track their moving habitat. For example, in lodge-pole pine Pinus contorta, which is expanding northwards, seed dispersability is highest in recently f ...
SHALOM: a landscape simulation model for understanding animal
... 1 is the highest distribution value of the population’s species niche space, SDhT is the habitat temperature characteristic’s standard deviation, and SDhP is the habitat precipitation characteristic’s standard deviation. The final species–habitat match value for a given population in a particular pat ...
... 1 is the highest distribution value of the population’s species niche space, SDhT is the habitat temperature characteristic’s standard deviation, and SDhP is the habitat precipitation characteristic’s standard deviation. The final species–habitat match value for a given population in a particular pat ...
Biotic Invasions: Causes, Epidemiology Biotic Invasions: Causes
... Humans have caused an unprecedented redistribution of the earth’s living things. Both incidentally and deliberately, through migration, transport, and commerce, humans are continuing to disperse an ever-increasing array of species across previously insurmountable environmental barriers such as ocean ...
... Humans have caused an unprecedented redistribution of the earth’s living things. Both incidentally and deliberately, through migration, transport, and commerce, humans are continuing to disperse an ever-increasing array of species across previously insurmountable environmental barriers such as ocean ...
Butterfly Populations - North American Butterfly Association
... Butterflies can be very sensitive to changes in their habitat. Combined with a relatively short life cycle, the complete turnover of individuals between each generation causes butterflies to be much more sensitive to changing habitat conditions than many plants and vertebrates. Many plants are able ...
... Butterflies can be very sensitive to changes in their habitat. Combined with a relatively short life cycle, the complete turnover of individuals between each generation causes butterflies to be much more sensitive to changing habitat conditions than many plants and vertebrates. Many plants are able ...
Coexistence and invasibility in a two-species competition
... occupancy of preferential habitats. We also note that this difference becomes less relevant when longer dispersal is introduced. Indeed, the model can be generalized to different form of dispersal mechanisms, e.g., with a given finite range. Previous investigations on similar models (Rosindell and Co ...
... occupancy of preferential habitats. We also note that this difference becomes less relevant when longer dispersal is introduced. Indeed, the model can be generalized to different form of dispersal mechanisms, e.g., with a given finite range. Previous investigations on similar models (Rosindell and Co ...
Conserving European biodiversity in the context of climate
... have to be lost from the plant community before the habitat could no longer be classified as such a heath, and equally how much Vaccinium would the receiving area have to acquire before that could be so classified? In reality, this reason is that natural and seminatural plant communities are continu ...
... have to be lost from the plant community before the habitat could no longer be classified as such a heath, and equally how much Vaccinium would the receiving area have to acquire before that could be so classified? In reality, this reason is that natural and seminatural plant communities are continu ...
Competition, predation and species responses to environmental
... We monitored population dynamics of each protist in the microcosms every two to three days. To sample, we swirled each microcosm to mix its content and used a Pasteur pipette to withdraw approximately 0.35 ml of the medium. We weighed each sample on an electronic scale to determine its exact volume, ...
... We monitored population dynamics of each protist in the microcosms every two to three days. To sample, we swirled each microcosm to mix its content and used a Pasteur pipette to withdraw approximately 0.35 ml of the medium. We weighed each sample on an electronic scale to determine its exact volume, ...
Invasive Species Definition Clarification and Guidance White Paper
... invasive weed in the forests of the Pacific Northwest and Eastern U.S. where it outcompetes native plants and displaces the associated animal communities. The “Gray” Area There are obvious examples of invasive species such as snakehead fish, yellow starthistle, or Phytophthora ramorum (the organism ...
... invasive weed in the forests of the Pacific Northwest and Eastern U.S. where it outcompetes native plants and displaces the associated animal communities. The “Gray” Area There are obvious examples of invasive species such as snakehead fish, yellow starthistle, or Phytophthora ramorum (the organism ...
What is ecosystem stability?
... kelp. In the 1990s, sea otter populations off the coast of Alaska declined because orcas ate large numbers of otters. What effect did this have on the sea otters’ ecosystem? ...
... kelp. In the 1990s, sea otter populations off the coast of Alaska declined because orcas ate large numbers of otters. What effect did this have on the sea otters’ ecosystem? ...
The evolutionary consequences of biological
... plants possess adaptations for long-distance dispersal that likely increase the probability of being transported by humans, either deliberately or inadvertently (reviewed in Levin 2006). By increasing propagule pressure not only do these adaptations increase the probability of introduction, but the ...
... plants possess adaptations for long-distance dispersal that likely increase the probability of being transported by humans, either deliberately or inadvertently (reviewed in Levin 2006). By increasing propagule pressure not only do these adaptations increase the probability of introduction, but the ...
species - TavistockCollegeScience
... Different techniques being used to make estimates Lack of information for some species – e.g. bacteria and insects Variations in biodiversity in different parts of the world due to geographical factors. The greatest diversity is near the equator and it decreases towards the poles. Large areas of ...
... Different techniques being used to make estimates Lack of information for some species – e.g. bacteria and insects Variations in biodiversity in different parts of the world due to geographical factors. The greatest diversity is near the equator and it decreases towards the poles. Large areas of ...
Primary succession on Mount St. Helens, with reference to Surtsey
... Permanent plots Long-term studies of succession are few (Svavars dóttir & Walker 2009). Permanent plot studies of succession avoid most problems associated with “chronosequence” studies. They allow us to track internal dynamics (e.g. expansion of species, local extinction, etc.) and climate effects ...
... Permanent plots Long-term studies of succession are few (Svavars dóttir & Walker 2009). Permanent plot studies of succession avoid most problems associated with “chronosequence” studies. They allow us to track internal dynamics (e.g. expansion of species, local extinction, etc.) and climate effects ...