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Mendelian genetics
Mendelian genetics

... response have over 200 alleles. Organ transplants have a much higher success rate when donor and recipient are matched for their HLA genes, but the high level of variation makes this difficult. polymorphic: a genetic locus is polymorphic if it has 2 or more different allelic forms. At the population ...
File - Biology 30 DIploma Prep
File - Biology 30 DIploma Prep

chapter 11 - MissDutka
chapter 11 - MissDutka

... mask the recessive allele in simple Mendelian genetics and is represented by an uppercase letter. •  Example: The dominant allele in humans is detached earlobes, designated by an uppercase “E”. The recessive allele in humans is attached earlobes, designated by a lowercase “e”. If an individual had a ...
What are Sex-Linked Traits?
What are Sex-Linked Traits?

... hemophilia to evaluate the possibility of having offspring with the disorder. The wife does not have hemophilia, but states that her father had the disorder. The husband is normal. ...
EXTENSIONS AND DEVIATIONS OF MENDELIAN INHERITANCE
EXTENSIONS AND DEVIATIONS OF MENDELIAN INHERITANCE

Karyotype SingleGeneInheritance
Karyotype SingleGeneInheritance

... By Dr. Sascha McKeon, Science Department, Blue Mountain Community College, CCBY 2016. ...
Genetics Understanding Inheritance What controls traits?
Genetics Understanding Inheritance What controls traits?

... of phenotype. The trait of eye color can be expressed as blue, brown, green, or other colors. Mendel concluded that two alleles control the expression or phenotype of each trait. The two alleles that control the phenotype of a trait are called the trait’s genotype (JEE nuh tipe). You cannot see an o ...
File
File

Punnet Square Exercises
Punnet Square Exercises

... You can see the probable results of the cross of two F1 generation plants from the Punnett square: 1/4 of the F 2 generation plants have two dominant alleles (TT); 2/4 or 1/2 of the F2 plants have one dominant allele and one recessive allele (Tt); and 1/4 of the F2 plants have two recessive alleles ...
Unit 7 Heredity PPT
Unit 7 Heredity PPT

... Dominant = Trait Observed Recessive = Trait that disappeared ...
Determining Allele Frequencies Using Hardy Weinberg Equations
Determining Allele Frequencies Using Hardy Weinberg Equations

... 0.40. The rest of the alleles (60%) would be a, and the frequency of the recessive allele q would be equal to 0.60, because p + q = 1. These are referred to as allele frequencies. The frequency of the possible diploid combinations, or genotypes, of these alleles (AA, Aa, aa) is expressed as p2 + 2pq ...
The Perfect Blend
The Perfect Blend

... Incomplete Dominance- A kind of dominance that occurs in heterozygotes where the dominant allele is only expressed partially. This leads to offspring with intermediate phenotypes. ...
GENETICS = Scientific study of inheritance
GENETICS = Scientific study of inheritance

... If you cross two parents, where the father is AABB and the mother is aabb: the possible gametes are AB x ab. This can be determined using the F.O.I.L method. F = first O = outside I = inside L = last ...
Quiz 12
Quiz 12

... in the F1 generation and why the purple F1’s look just as purple as the purple P’s? A) Alternative versions of heritable “factors” (i.e., alleles) B) For each character an organism inherits two alleles, one from each parent C) If the two alleles at a locus differ, then one (the dominant allele) dete ...
Succession and Genetics Test Review
Succession and Genetics Test Review

... 8. If blues eyes are dominant to green eyes, how can 2 blue eyed parents have a green eyed child? The parents are heterozygous and passed on the recessive trait to their child. ...
Chapter 13 PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE
Chapter 13 PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE

... Principle of independent assortment: The genes for seed shape and seed color assort independently, because they are located on different chromosomes. ...
Quantitative Genetics The genetic basis of many traits is only poorly
Quantitative Genetics The genetic basis of many traits is only poorly

... The total response before a plateau is reached depends on many factors. (1) The total response will be less when few individuals are chosen to breed, since less genetic variation is preserved among these individuals. (2) The total response will be less when selection occurs rapidly because of genet ...
Interpreting Pedigrees
Interpreting Pedigrees

A | | b A
A | | b A

... phenotypes • expressivity may be referred to as a percentage, or another quantifiable measure. all the same genotype ...
You Light Up My Life
You Light Up My Life

... • Black coat - Must have at least one dominant allele at both loci – BBEE, BbEe, BBEe, or BbEE ...
AP Biology Study Guide
AP Biology Study Guide

... Explain how Mendel’s law of independent assortment applies to a dihybrid cross.Illustrate this law with examples from Labrador retrievers and Mendel’s work with peas. Explain how a testcross is performed to determine the genotype of an organism. Explain how and when the rule of multiplication and th ...
Biology 4E03: Population Genetics Course Outline: Term II, 2010
Biology 4E03: Population Genetics Course Outline: Term II, 2010

... derivation of Fst, relation between Fst and gene flow (Nm), relation between Fst, H and Nm, measuring gene flow from Fst, distribution of Fst at loci and role of selection, gene flow between mainland and Island. Reading: Halliburton Chapter 9 Week 11: Molecular Evolution Cost of selection (1-W) and ...
The Fishy Frequencies Lab
The Fishy Frequencies Lab

... Introduction to Hardy-Weinberg The Hardy-Weinberg Principle states that allele frequencies in a population will remain constant unless one or more factors cause those frequencies to change. The situation in which allele frequencies remain constant is called genetic equilibrium. Five conditions are r ...
Hardy Weinberg topic
Hardy Weinberg topic

... original population as some rarer alleles may not have been present in any of the survivors. The ‘founder effect’ and genetic drift will influence genetic variation as the population grows again ...
Heredity Review Sheet - Old Saybrook Public Schools
Heredity Review Sheet - Old Saybrook Public Schools

... Dominant alleles are written with a capital letter; Tall = T Recessive alleles for the same trait are written in lower case of the same letter for the dominant trait; short = t Organisms with two of the same allele are called homozygous l  TT l  tt Organisms with two different alleles are heterozy ...
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Inbreeding

Inbreeding is the sexual reproduction of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically. By analogy, the term is used in human reproduction, but more commonly refers to the genetic disorders and other consequences that may arise from incestuous sexual relationships and consanguinity.Inbreeding results in homozygosity, which can increase the chances of offspring being affected by recessive or deleterious traits. This generally leads to a decreased biological fitness of a population (called inbreeding depression), which is its ability to survive and reproduce. An individual who inherits such deleterious traits is referred to as inbred. The avoidance of such deleterious recessive alleles caused by inbreeding, via inbreeding avoidance mechanisms, is the main selective reason for outcrossing. Crossbreeding between populations also often has positive effects on fitness-related traits.Inbreeding is a technique used in selective breeding. In livestock breeding, breeders may use inbreeding when, for example, trying to establish a new and desirable trait in the stock, but will need to watch for undesirable characteristics in offspring, which can then be eliminated through further selective breeding or culling. Inbreeding is used to reveal deleterious recessive alleles, which can then be eliminated through assortative breeding or through culling. In plant breeding, inbred lines are used as stocks for the creation of hybrid lines to make use of the effects of heterosis. Inbreeding in plants also occurs naturally in the form of self-pollination.
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