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World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP
World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP

... recurrence and prolonged symptomatic chronicity. The primary goals of maintenance (prophylactic) treatment are to prevent a new episode of depression (a recurrence), suicide and development of chronicity. The consideration of the patient’s course of illness and treatment history is essential for the ...
Statement of Principles concerning BIPOLAR DISORDER No. 25 of
Statement of Principles concerning BIPOLAR DISORDER No. 25 of

... being treated with a drug which is associated in the individual with the development of symptoms of bipolar disorder during drug therapy, and the cessation or significant reduction of the symptoms of bipolar disorder within days or weeks of discontinuing drug therapy, where treatment with the drug c ...
POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER:
POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER:

... Myth Everybody has been through a frightening experience and must therefore be suffering from one or more symptoms of PTSD as a result. The specific brain-based stress responses seen in PTSD differ from those observed in normal anxiety. The experience of normal anxiety and PTSD are in fact markedly ...
C14
C14

... Leading cognitive theorists agree that biological factors produce symptoms They theorize that further features of the disorder develop because of faulty interpretation and a misunderstanding of symptoms ...
Running head: COSTS OF TREATING YOUTH ANXIETY
Running head: COSTS OF TREATING YOUTH ANXIETY

... Family factors have been suggested to have an association with the development and maintenance of childhood anxiety (Barrett, 1998). These factors include parental anxiety and depression, family conflict, marital discord, and parental reinforcement of avoidance coping strategies, negative feedback a ...
Research into EMDR Efficacy
Research into EMDR Efficacy

... one of the three recommended first-line treatments for trauma [4]. In the UK, EMDR is one of the two recommended treatments for PTSD in the guidelines of the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) [5]. Other disorders Research into EMDR with other disorders is at an earlier stage of develo ...
Association between diabetes and mental disorders
Association between diabetes and mental disorders

... was suited to perform this task. Particular attention was given to affective and anxiety disorders. In the present analysis, PWD were not more likely to meet DSM-IV criteria for at least one mental disorder than subjects without diabetes. However, a different diagnostic pattern was observed: PWD had ...
Attachment Style, Spirituality, and Depressive Symptoms Among
Attachment Style, Spirituality, and Depressive Symptoms Among

... between adult attachment and spirituality; however, this literature focuses primarily on religiosity and does not integrate purpose and meaning in life as an important protective factor against depressive symptoms, particularly among individuals with substance use disorders. Although this review of ...
DSM-5 - Center for School Mental Health (CSMH)
DSM-5 - Center for School Mental Health (CSMH)

... 4. Observable by others by others, noticeable change from usual behavior 3. Mild, moderate, severe, marked impairment, sig. Degree, persistent (different, difficult, dysfunctional, dangerous) 2. 1 week, 3 months , distinct period, most of the day, nearly every day, same 2-week period, for more days ...
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as a Treatment of Depression
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation as a Treatment of Depression

... stimulation site for treatment of depression is usually five cm anterior to the motor stimulation site. Interest in the use of TMS as a treatment for depression was augmented by the development of a device that could deliver rapid, repetitive stimulation. Imaging studies had shown a decrease in acti ...
Epidemiology of ADHD
Epidemiology of ADHD

... ADHD was first conceptualised as a disorder restricted to childhood and adolescence. Longitudinal studies showed that although there is a clear decline of symptoms with age, they tend to persist in a variable proportion of people who are more frequently impaired than controls in several major life a ...
Chapter 2
Chapter 2

... samples of individuals already being treated for psychological problems, the ECA study drew on a community sample and allows us to estimate how frequently various disorders occur in the general public (Adebimpe, 1994; Narrow et al., 1993). The lifetime prevalence of any psychological disorder was 32 ...
Between 1 and 2% of adults have avoidant personality disorder
Between 1 and 2% of adults have avoidant personality disorder

... may lead people to assume that others will always judge them harshly In several studies, individuals reported memories that supported both the psychodynamic and cognitive theories ...
Older Adults and Depression - Crisis Support Services of Alameda
Older Adults and Depression - Crisis Support Services of Alameda

... overlooked because for some older adults who have depression, sadness is not their main symptom.They may have other, less obvious symptoms of depression or they may not be willing to talk about their feelings. Therefore, doctors may be less likely to recognize that their patient has depression. ...
Acute Trauma: Assessment and Intervention
Acute Trauma: Assessment and Intervention

... disturbance causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning ...
Is hypochondriasis an anxiety disorder?
Is hypochondriasis an anxiety disorder?

... mechanisms that underlie these disorders. Treating hypochondriasis as ’health anxiety’ For most of the 20th century, psychodynamic and psychoanalytic conceptualisations dominated the treatment of hypochondriasis. In this context, hypochondriasis was poorly understood and was considered resistant to ...
Emotional Responses and Mood Disorders
Emotional Responses and Mood Disorders

... In addition to severe depression, manic episodes may occur. These episodes, like those of depression, can vary in intensity and the accompanying level of anxiety from moderate manic states to severe and panic states with psychotic features. Mania is characterized by an elevated, expansive, or irrita ...
The hidden third: improving outcome in treatment
The hidden third: improving outcome in treatment

... Depression is one of the leading causes of disease burden worldwide, with a greater impact on health status than chronic systemic diseases such as angina or diabetes (Moussavi et al., 2007). Importantly, data on the incidence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in Europe, particularly treatment-resis ...
Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders. Clinical assessment and
Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders. Clinical assessment and

... Although untreated perinatal mental disorders may have severe obstetrical and psychiatric short- and long-term consequences, not only for the woman (i.e., suicide, reduced self-care, substance abuse) 35 but also for her family and mostly for the newborn baby, only 5% of mentally ill pregnant women r ...
From Black Bile to the Bipolar Spectrum: A Historical
From Black Bile to the Bipolar Spectrum: A Historical

... schizophrenia. Ultimately, Bleuler came to view the demarcation between these two categories of illness as wholly superficial and he proposed a continuum between the two. For Bleuler, an individual could be at different points along this continuum over the course of their illness [21]. Kraepelin him ...
The DSM5: Classification and criteria changes
The DSM5: Classification and criteria changes

... applied to depressive disorders and bipolar and related disorders, includes symptoms that are not a part of the criteria for most mood disorders (e.g., difficulty concentrating because of worry) but nonetheless may describe a particular variant of mood disorder that causes impairment and/or distress ...
Evidence-based treatment for Depersonalisation-derealisation Disorder (DPRD) Open Access
Evidence-based treatment for Depersonalisation-derealisation Disorder (DPRD) Open Access

... Background: Depersonalisation-derealisation disorder (DPRD) is a distressing and impairing condition with a pathophysiology that is not well understood. Nevertheless, given the growing interest in its pathogenesis, and the publication of a number of treatment trials, a systematic review of randomise ...
Evidence-based treatment for Depersonalisation
Evidence-based treatment for Depersonalisation

... Background: Depersonalisation-derealisation disorder (DPRD) is a distressing and impairing condition with a pathophysiology that is not well understood. Nevertheless, given the growing interest in its pathogenesis, and the publication of a number of treatment trials, a systematic review of randomise ...
ICD-10: F60-62 Personality Disorders (F62.0
ICD-10: F60-62 Personality Disorders (F62.0

... severe or prolonged stress, extreme environmental deprivation, serious psychiatric disorder, or brain disease or injury (see F07.-). Each of the conditions in this group can be classified according to its predominant behavioural manifestations. However, classification in this area is currently limit ...
Chapter 7: Diagnosis of Methamphetamine Use
Chapter 7: Diagnosis of Methamphetamine Use

... The period following intoxication (“coming down” or “on the crash”) is characterized initially by restlessness, irritability, and a craving for the drug, along with fatigue and long periods of sleep. Confusion, disorientation, and hunger are common during this period. Chronic symptoms of methampheta ...
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Dysthymia

Dysthymia (/dɪsˈθaɪmiə/ dis-THY-mee-ə, from Ancient Greek δυσθυμία, ""bad state of mind""), sometimes also called neurotic depression, dysthymic disorder, or chronic depression, is a mood disorder consisting of the same cognitive and physical problems as in depression, with less severe but longer-lasting symptoms. The concept was coined by Robert Spitzer as a replacement for the term ""depressive personality"" in the late 1970s.According to the diagnosis manual DSM-IV of 1994, dysthymia is a serious state of chronic depression, which persists for at least two years (1 year for children and adolescents). Serious state of chronic depression will last at least three years, with this length of recovery, it can stay balanced enough to control it from major depressive disorder. Dysthymia is less acute and severe than major depressive disorder. As dysthymia is a chronic disorder, sufferers may experience symptoms for many years before it is diagnosed, if diagnosis occurs at all. As a result, they may believe that depression is a part of their character, so they may not even discuss their symptoms with doctors, family members, or friends.Dysthymia often co-occurs with other mental disorders. A ""double depression"" is the occurrence of episodes of major depression in addition to dysthymia. Switching between periods of dysthymic moods and periods of hypomanic moods is indicative of cyclothymia, which is a mild variant of bipolar disorder.In the DSM-5, dysthymia is replaced by persistent depressive disorder. This new condition includes both chronic major depressive disorder and the previous dysthymic disorder. The reason for this change is that there was no evidence for meaningful differences between these two conditions.
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