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Attachment-additional slides - Dr Brotherton
Attachment-additional slides - Dr Brotherton

...  iii) parent gives child messages they are unlovable or incompetent Cummings & Cicchetti (1990) hypothesized that: iv) having a psychologically unavailable carer was similar to experience actually losing a carer ...
Bipolar Disorders - Dr. Ron Remick`s website
Bipolar Disorders - Dr. Ron Remick`s website

... In Canada, the onset of bipolar illness typically begins with a lengthy depressive episode. In the USA, children with mood lability/irritability, anxiety and insomnia are often given a diagnosis of childhood bipolar illness. The USA position is not consistent with decades of age of onset research, g ...
Pyrrole Disorder-YouTube video Notes
Pyrrole Disorder-YouTube video Notes

... which can result in a deficiency of both PLP and zinc. • A genetic Pyrrole Disorder can result in low serotonin and GABA levels, and SSRI antidepressants and anti-anxiety medication may be beneficial. However, targeted therapeutic dosages of supplements may provide similar benefits without medicatio ...
Centre for Affective Disorders Launch Event
Centre for Affective Disorders Launch Event

... Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common, chronic, severe, complex and costly group of recurrent psychiatric illness that can be devastating for the affected individual and their families. Suicide is an important risk across the life span of bipolar patients. To describe BD as alternating periods of mania ...
Cognitive Behavioural
Cognitive Behavioural

... Students entering at the start of the course should possess (i) and (ii) with either (iii) or (iv), plus (v): (i) A Core Profession qualification in a mental health field as defined by the British Association of Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies or evidence of being able to complete the BABC ...
Anxiety Disorders
Anxiety Disorders

...  Exposure to the feared situation almost invariably provokes anxiety  Anxiety is out of proportion to the actual threat posed by the situation  The anxiety lasts more than 6 months  The feared situation is avoided or endured with distress  The avoidance, fear or distress significantly interfere ...
Women are twice as likely to suffer from
Women are twice as likely to suffer from

... A chronic state of depression; the symptoms are the same as those of major depression, but they are less severe Persistent, lasting two or more years and an individual is never without symptoms for more than two months Leads to severe outcomes (social isolation, high suicide risk, and mislabeled as ...
The Effects of Anti-Depressant Advertising on Perception of
The Effects of Anti-Depressant Advertising on Perception of

... that the medications presented in DTCA often give the appearance of being ‗‗new and improved‘‘ over alternative treatments, while in many cases older and frequently less expensive drugs may actually be the best treatment. An‘s study (2008) conducted in the Midwest, found there was an effect on the p ...
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’t add up: why Depression sum-scores don analyzing specific depression symptoms is essential

... (SD) lower than the control group on psychomotor tasks, 1.55 SD lower on cognitive tasks, and reported mood 3.16 SD lower than the control group. Collapsing over all three measures, performance of sleep-deprived subjects at the 50th percentile in their group was equivalent to subjects at the 9th per ...
Seniors Mental Health Assessment Toolkit
Seniors Mental Health Assessment Toolkit

... S - Suicidal thoughts or plans Differences in Late Life - seniors tend to present with more:  Anxiety: Seniors can report more anxiety than sadness, referred to as “atypical depression”)  Somatic concerns/vegetative symptoms: Spending more time in bed, increased pain or other physical complaints  ...
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... disorder. NO HOME MOVIES!!!!! Lastly, the PREZI should be between 3-5 minutes in length including the multimedia. If you have not used PREZI in the past you may opt to use PPT but it must have a voice over so that it can run by itself. Grading: This presentation will count for 50% of your Final Exam ...
Quick Guide to PRIME-MD Patient Health Questionnaire
Quick Guide to PRIME-MD Patient Health Questionnaire

... days” or “nearly every day”. Note that #2i, suicidal ideation, is counted whenever it is present. In this case, the diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorder (not Syndrome) was made since questioning by the physician indicated no history of a manic episode; no evidence that a physical disorder, medicat ...
Mental Health in Children and Adolescents
Mental Health in Children and Adolescents

... American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Manual of Mental Disorders. The disability is generally evident before three years of age and significantly affects verbal, nonverbal, or pragmatic communication and social interaction skills and results in an adverse effect on the student’s educatio ...
Obsessive‑compulsive disorder (OCD)
Obsessive‑compulsive disorder (OCD)

... • Patients who have achieved remission of symptoms with behavioural therapy alone may never require medication and may instead need only to return to therapy if they have an exacerbation of their illness. • Patients treated with a combined approach; these can discontinue medication, maintaining a re ...
Eating disorders - Back to Medical School
Eating disorders - Back to Medical School

... Have severe Bulimia Nervosa i.e. daily bingeing AND daily purging; biochemical abnormalities; complicating factors such as diabetes or pregnancy. ...
The St. Louis African American health-heart study:
The St. Louis African American health-heart study:

... CAD. Although depression is common in AAs, its role in the development and features of CAD in this group has not been well examined. This project hypothesizes that the relationships between depression and CAD can be explained by common physiological pathways and gene-environment interactions. Thus, ...
Taking control of Bipolar disorder
Taking control of Bipolar disorder

... • Get on a sleep schedule…my gosh this helped me! • Take your prescribed medications on a regular basis, talk to your doctor, but a multivitamin and fish oil have helped me. ...
Bipolar Disorder New Zealand Treatment Guide
Bipolar Disorder New Zealand Treatment Guide

... characterised by periods of mania or hypomania, depression and ‘mixed episodes’ (or ‘dysphoric mania’ – a mixture of manic and depressed symptoms). The illness is commonly subdivided into: • Bipolar I disorder – at least one lifetime manic episode or at least one mixed episode • Bipolar II disorder ...
Long-term and Preventative Treatment in SAD
Long-term and Preventative Treatment in SAD

... spring and summer.[2] Some patients with SAD may experience nonseasonal depressive episodes during their lifetime, but these are substantially less frequent than the seasonal episodes. SAD is also associated with so-called atypical depressive symptoms, including hypersomnia, increased appetite and e ...
The Relationship Between Drug Use and Depressive Symptoms
The Relationship Between Drug Use and Depressive Symptoms

... Each of these substance variables were recoded into dichotomous variables, with yes indicating use one or more times in their lifetime and no indicating that that substance was never used. A new summative variable was created to evaluate the number of students who had ever used any one or more of t ...
Detection of bipolar disorder - The British Journal of Psychiatry
Detection of bipolar disorder - The British Journal of Psychiatry

... psychiatric nosology, used the term manic-depressive illness to describe people with recurrent mood episodes, even if these episodes were all depressive.4 The distinction of major depressive and bipolar disorders as separate illnesses evolved from the broad classification of manic-depressive illness ...
Teasdale et al. (2000) - Mindfulness
Teasdale et al. (2000) - Mindfulness

... explanation, at the cognitive level, to more biological accounts of episode sensitization and kindling in recurrent affective disorder (Post, 1992). Accounts at both biological and cognitive levels are consistent with the finding that, with repeated experiences of episodes of major depression, less ...
CASE STUDY: A person with Severe and Persistent Mental Illness:
CASE STUDY: A person with Severe and Persistent Mental Illness:

... 1- those people who sleep in shelters or public spaces . 2- those whose primary nighttime residence is either in the publicly or privately owned shelters or in the streets, in doorways , train stations and bus terminals , public plazas and parks, subways , abandoned buildings, and loading docks . Th ...
JSS COLLEGE OF NURSING 1st MAIN, SARASWATHIPURAM
JSS COLLEGE OF NURSING 1st MAIN, SARASWATHIPURAM

... more than twice and those with more than 3 siblings or having fewer than 2 close friends. Further, adolescents from Third World societies and adopted adolescents, those from lower socio economic society groups, having unemployed parents or living in coastal areas had higher mean depressive symptom ...
Psych B – Module 28
Psych B – Module 28

... another experiencing fearfulness--may result in developing fear. • Fear of an object may be reinforced when by avoiding the feared objects. ...
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Major depressive disorder



Major depressive disorder (MDD) (also known as clinical depression, major depression, unipolar depression, or unipolar disorder; or as recurrent depression in the case of repeated episodes) is a mental disorder characterized by a pervasive and persistent low mood that is accompanied by low self-esteem and by a loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities. The term ""depression"" is used in a number of different ways. It is often used to mean this syndrome but may refer to other mood disorders or simply to a low mood. Major depressive disorder is a disabling condition that adversely affects a person's family, work or school life, sleeping and eating habits, and general health. In the United States, around 3.4% of people with major depression commit suicide, and up to 60% of people who commit suicide had depression or another mood disorder.The diagnosis of major depressive disorder is based on the patient's self-reported experiences, behavior reported by relatives or friends, and a mental status examination. There is no laboratory test for major depression, although physicians generally request tests for physical conditions that may cause similar symptoms. The most common time of onset is between the ages of 20 and 30 years, with a later peak between 30 and 40 years.Typically, people are treated with antidepressant medication and, in many cases, also receive counseling, particularly cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Medication appears to be effective, but the effect may only be significant in the most severely depressed. Hospitalization may be necessary in cases with associated self-neglect or a significant risk of harm to self or others. A minority are treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The course of the disorder varies widely, from one episode lasting weeks to a lifelong disorder with recurrent major depressive episodes. Depressed individuals have shorter life expectancies than those without depression, in part because of greater susceptibility to medical illnesses and suicide. It is unclear whether medications affect the risk of suicide. Current and former patients may be stigmatized.The understanding of the nature and causes of depression has evolved over the centuries, though this understanding is incomplete and has left many aspects of depression as the subject of discussion and research. Proposed causes include psychological, psycho-social, hereditary, evolutionary and biological factors. Long-term substance abuse may cause or worsen depressive symptoms. Psychological treatments are based on theories of personality, interpersonal communication, and learning. Most biological theories focus on the monoamine chemicals serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine, which are naturally present in the brain and assist communication between nerve cells. This cluster of symptoms (syndrome) was named, described and classified as one of the mood disorders in the 1980 edition of the American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic manual.
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