Sustainable Construction - A Guide on Concrete Usage - KIT
... What is CUI? To put it simply, it is an indicator of the amount of concrete used per unit floor area. In Singapore’s context, it is a unique way for practitioners to measure and benchmark the amount of concrete used in building works to arrive at an optimal design early in the design and construction ...
... What is CUI? To put it simply, it is an indicator of the amount of concrete used per unit floor area. In Singapore’s context, it is a unique way for practitioners to measure and benchmark the amount of concrete used in building works to arrive at an optimal design early in the design and construction ...
concrete usage index
... What is CUI? To put it simply, it is an indicator of the amount of concrete used per unit floor area. In Singapore’s context, it is a unique way for practitioners to measure and benchmark the amount of concrete used in building works to arrive at an optimal design early in the design and construction ...
... What is CUI? To put it simply, it is an indicator of the amount of concrete used per unit floor area. In Singapore’s context, it is a unique way for practitioners to measure and benchmark the amount of concrete used in building works to arrive at an optimal design early in the design and construction ...
Standardization in the Lumber Industry: Trade
... This thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the technical and structural changes that occurred within the American lumber industry in the half century after the Civil War. The format of this thesis is as follows: a review of relevant literature pertaining to all aspects of American wood-frame r ...
... This thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the technical and structural changes that occurred within the American lumber industry in the half century after the Civil War. The format of this thesis is as follows: a review of relevant literature pertaining to all aspects of American wood-frame r ...
Section Three - 21st Century School Fund
... Marando Construction Company Eleven constructed additional classrooms, a gymnasium, and labs. A few years later in 1955, an Annex was agreed upon in order to house Sousa grads. Though started as a white school, integration found its way through the school's doors, graduating its first black students ...
... Marando Construction Company Eleven constructed additional classrooms, a gymnasium, and labs. A few years later in 1955, an Annex was agreed upon in order to house Sousa grads. Though started as a white school, integration found its way through the school's doors, graduating its first black students ...
vernacular tradition and the islamic architecture of bosra
... German Archaeological Institute in Damascus, participating in a cooperation project with the Syrian Antiquities Department. Centered on the excavation and subsequent restoration of a Mamluk bath complex, the research extended to include a study of all Islamic monuments in the ancient city of Bosra a ...
... German Archaeological Institute in Damascus, participating in a cooperation project with the Syrian Antiquities Department. Centered on the excavation and subsequent restoration of a Mamluk bath complex, the research extended to include a study of all Islamic monuments in the ancient city of Bosra a ...
- Nigerian Institute of Building
... Paul, North America involving 227 buildings constructed with various structural materials indicates that only one-third of the concrete buildings lasted more than 50 years, while 63% of the wood buildings were older than 50 years at demolition, and the largest group of those fell in the 76-100 year ...
... Paul, North America involving 227 buildings constructed with various structural materials indicates that only one-third of the concrete buildings lasted more than 50 years, while 63% of the wood buildings were older than 50 years at demolition, and the largest group of those fell in the 76-100 year ...
Pages from RESEARCH THESIS. kariuki
... either on-site or offsite in a factory covering manufactured, modular and pre-cut or pre-engineered systems. Although the terms, are often interchangeably used, their precise definitions depend heavily on the users’ experience and understanding, which vary from countries to countries. Off-site fabri ...
... either on-site or offsite in a factory covering manufactured, modular and pre-cut or pre-engineered systems. Although the terms, are often interchangeably used, their precise definitions depend heavily on the users’ experience and understanding, which vary from countries to countries. Off-site fabri ...
Shepherdstown WV Historic District Design Guidelines
... Indicate which approaches to design a community encourages, as well as which it discourages. Serve as a tool for property owners to use in making preliminary design decisions. These Guidelines Can NOT Limit growth, or regulate where growth takes place. Guidelines address only the visual impact ...
... Indicate which approaches to design a community encourages, as well as which it discourages. Serve as a tool for property owners to use in making preliminary design decisions. These Guidelines Can NOT Limit growth, or regulate where growth takes place. Guidelines address only the visual impact ...
Harmonization of building regulations in the Nordic countries for
... About 60 questionnaires have been sent to the wood housing industries and construction companies in order to get information about their problems. Different areas have been pointed out as most interesting to analyse: stairs, size and dimensions of specific rooms, energy, structural design and moistu ...
... About 60 questionnaires have been sent to the wood housing industries and construction companies in order to get information about their problems. Different areas have been pointed out as most interesting to analyse: stairs, size and dimensions of specific rooms, energy, structural design and moistu ...
Full text PDF
... always had Portland cement or lime mortars in their initial construction. The removal and replacement of these mortars with mud mortar is not advised because their removal is usually destructive as regards the adobe bricks. In repairing adobe cracks (Fig. 10), a procedure similar to repointing mason ...
... always had Portland cement or lime mortars in their initial construction. The removal and replacement of these mortars with mud mortar is not advised because their removal is usually destructive as regards the adobe bricks. In repairing adobe cracks (Fig. 10), a procedure similar to repointing mason ...
Shaping the Future of Construction Inspiring innovators redefine
... way in North America and many other regions around the world, the construction industry has to step up by improving its productivity, environmental performance and social impact. New technologies – such as building information modelling (BIM), 3D printing, wireless sensing and autonomous equipment – ...
... way in North America and many other regions around the world, the construction industry has to step up by improving its productivity, environmental performance and social impact. New technologies – such as building information modelling (BIM), 3D printing, wireless sensing and autonomous equipment – ...
Winter Brick Bulletin 2013
... Brickwork has not been used so creatively by architects since the 1930s, and a handful of groundbreaking new projects is embracing the amazing potential that architectural ceramics have to offer. Advanced techniques for forming clay construction materials, with or without applied glazes, have been u ...
... Brickwork has not been used so creatively by architects since the 1930s, and a handful of groundbreaking new projects is embracing the amazing potential that architectural ceramics have to offer. Advanced techniques for forming clay construction materials, with or without applied glazes, have been u ...
Accepted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree
... location of so much labor history and, for many people with roots in Vilonia, the place where a parent, grandparent, or other relative once lived or helped to build, but not something to admire. The names of the builders of the native stone buildings are largely forgotten, and few people are familia ...
... location of so much labor history and, for many people with roots in Vilonia, the place where a parent, grandparent, or other relative once lived or helped to build, but not something to admire. The names of the builders of the native stone buildings are largely forgotten, and few people are familia ...
Beach Historic Property Survey
... to south. In addition, all of the city blocks between the Broadwalk and Surf Road were also included for these not only face the ocean, but in most cases are one building deep. These series of blocks are, as a coherent collection, a fragile urban and architectural component that is crucial for the r ...
... to south. In addition, all of the city blocks between the Broadwalk and Surf Road were also included for these not only face the ocean, but in most cases are one building deep. These series of blocks are, as a coherent collection, a fragile urban and architectural component that is crucial for the r ...
Materials and Resources - Webscape
... less infrastructure. An effective way to use salvaged interior components is to specify them in the construction documents. The actions of an increasing number of public and private waste management operations have reduced construction debris volumes by recycling these materials. Recovery activities ...
... less infrastructure. An effective way to use salvaged interior components is to specify them in the construction documents. The actions of an increasing number of public and private waste management operations have reduced construction debris volumes by recycling these materials. Recovery activities ...
Protection of educational building against earthquakes
... The data revealed most school buildings are of one to two storeys, very few three and rarely more than three storeys; class rooms' size ranged between three to five meter in breadth and four to eight meter in length. Thus the proposed recommendations cover almost all buildings except those which hav ...
... The data revealed most school buildings are of one to two storeys, very few three and rarely more than three storeys; class rooms' size ranged between three to five meter in breadth and four to eight meter in length. Thus the proposed recommendations cover almost all buildings except those which hav ...
Roof coverings in schools - Department for Education
... Rooflights Rooflights are discussed in the ‘Daylight’ section on page 28 as an effective way to introduce light into the building. Rooflights may be polycarbonate, glass or other plastic translucent sheeting. They should all comply with the acoustic, thermal, fire and safety requirements contained w ...
... Rooflights Rooflights are discussed in the ‘Daylight’ section on page 28 as an effective way to introduce light into the building. Rooflights may be polycarbonate, glass or other plastic translucent sheeting. They should all comply with the acoustic, thermal, fire and safety requirements contained w ...
Prefabricated Construction Systems for Building and Civil works
... • Previous defects such as leakage problems have been improved • Application diversified to other forms of construction • Capable to apply to rather complicate-shaped buildings • Incorporation of other advanced technology in the construction (such as use with mechanical form/ tensioned elements) • G ...
... • Previous defects such as leakage problems have been improved • Application diversified to other forms of construction • Capable to apply to rather complicate-shaped buildings • Incorporation of other advanced technology in the construction (such as use with mechanical form/ tensioned elements) • G ...
Prefabricated Construction Systems for Building and Civil works
... • Previous defects such as leakage problems have been improved • Application diversified to other forms of construction • Capable to apply to rather complicate-shaped buildings • Incorporation of other advanced technology in the construction (such as use with mechanical form/ tensioned elements) • G ...
... • Previous defects such as leakage problems have been improved • Application diversified to other forms of construction • Capable to apply to rather complicate-shaped buildings • Incorporation of other advanced technology in the construction (such as use with mechanical form/ tensioned elements) • G ...
B Conditions with regard to building contractor activity
... If solid walling is required to enhance the privacy of certain parts of the property (for example, to screen the swimming pool from the road or adjacent stands) , then such walling shall not exceed 2.1 metres high, and not extend for more that 50% of its length as a continuous line parallel to the r ...
... If solid walling is required to enhance the privacy of certain parts of the property (for example, to screen the swimming pool from the road or adjacent stands) , then such walling shall not exceed 2.1 metres high, and not extend for more that 50% of its length as a continuous line parallel to the r ...
Value and Benefits of Modular construction
... Modular construction uses pre-engineered volumetric units that are installed on site as fitted-out and serviced ‘building blocks’. The use of modular construction is directly influenced by the client’s requirements for speed of construction, quality, added benefits of economy of scale, as well as si ...
... Modular construction uses pre-engineered volumetric units that are installed on site as fitted-out and serviced ‘building blocks’. The use of modular construction is directly influenced by the client’s requirements for speed of construction, quality, added benefits of economy of scale, as well as si ...
A thing of beauty - City of Jersey City
... The district’s historic architectural resources, quite varied in individual form and style, date between 1861 and 1945 when this was Jersey City’s most fashionable streetcar suburb and home to many of the city’s and state’s political and professional elite. Of the buildings identified as contributin ...
... The district’s historic architectural resources, quite varied in individual form and style, date between 1861 and 1945 when this was Jersey City’s most fashionable streetcar suburb and home to many of the city’s and state’s political and professional elite. Of the buildings identified as contributin ...
Circular structures and buildings associated with vernacular Mauritz Naudé
... shelters for either individuals or groups of individuals (individuals without their families). These shelters can therefore not be considered ‘dwellings’ in the real sense of the word. At the same time referring to the rondavel as a circular building type, it seems that this building was not merely ...
... shelters for either individuals or groups of individuals (individuals without their families). These shelters can therefore not be considered ‘dwellings’ in the real sense of the word. At the same time referring to the rondavel as a circular building type, it seems that this building was not merely ...
Southwick Center Design Guidelines
... Asphalt shingles are acceptable. Roof colors should be traditional neutral shades varying from gray, charcoal and black to natural wood. In the case of tile or metal roofs, other colors traditionally employed in this type of construction shall be considered if their application is compatible with th ...
... Asphalt shingles are acceptable. Roof colors should be traditional neutral shades varying from gray, charcoal and black to natural wood. In the case of tile or metal roofs, other colors traditionally employed in this type of construction shall be considered if their application is compatible with th ...
Design of Wood Frame Structures for Permanence
... It should be stressed that when wood is protected from water or from vapor condensation, and exposed to normal atmospheric conditions such as exist inside buildings and outdoors, its moisture content rarely exceeds 15 percent. Therefore, moisture content control by means of accepted design and cons ...
... It should be stressed that when wood is protected from water or from vapor condensation, and exposed to normal atmospheric conditions such as exist inside buildings and outdoors, its moisture content rarely exceeds 15 percent. Therefore, moisture content control by means of accepted design and cons ...
Architecture of Madagascar
The architecture of Madagascar is unique in Africa, bearing strong resemblance to the construction norms and methods of Southern Borneo from which the earliest inhabitants of Madagascar are believed to have emigrated. Throughout Madagascar and the Kalimantan region of Borneo, most traditional houses follow a rectangular rather than round form, and feature a steeply sloped, peaked roof supported by a central pillar. In South Kalimantan, traditional houses are generally raised on piles and feature ""house horns"" formed by the crossing of roof support beams at each gable end. Traditional Malagasy houses are likewise often built on piles, and the tradition of house horns can be seen in some southeastern communities and in the wooden architectural traditions of the andriana noble classes of the Merina people of the central highlands.Differences in the predominant traditional construction materials used serve as the basis for much of the diversity in Malagasy architecture. Locally available plant materials were the earliest materials used and remain the most common among traditional communities. In intermediary zones between the central highlands and humid coastal areas, hybrid variations have developed that use cob and sticks. Wood construction, once common across the island, declined as a growing human population destroyed greater swaths of virgin rainforest for slash and burn agriculture and zebu cattle pasture. The Zafimaniry communities of the central highland montane forests are the only Malagasy ethnic group who have preserved the island's original wooden architectural traditions; their craft was added to the UNESCO list of Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2003. As wood became scarce over time, wooden houses became the privilege of the noble class in certain communities, as exemplified by the homes of the Merina nobility in the 19th century Kingdom of Madagascar. The use of stone as a building material was traditionally limited to the construction of tombs, a significant feature of the cultural landscape in Madagascar due to the prominent position occupied by ancestors in Malagasy cosmology. The island has produced several distinct traditions in tomb architecture: among the Mahafaly of the southwest coast, the top of tombs may be stacked with the skulls of sacrificed zebu and spiked with aloalo, decoratively carved tomb posts, while among the Merina, aristocrats historically constructed a small wooden house on top of the tomb to symbolize their andriana status and provide an earthly space to house their ancestors' spirits.Traditional styles of architecture in Madagascar have been impacted over the past two hundred years by the increasing influence of European styles. A shift toward brick construction in the Highlands began during the reign of Queen Ranavalona II (1868–1883) based on models introduced by missionaries of the London Missionary Society and contacts with other foreigners. Foreign influence further expanded following the collapse of the monarchy and French colonization of the island in 1896. Modernization over the past several decades has increasingly led to the abandonment of certain traditional norms related to the external orientation and internal layout of houses and the use of certain customary building materials, particularly in the Highlands. Among those with means, foreign construction materials and techniques – namely imported concrete, glass and wrought iron features – have gained in popularity, to the detriment of traditional practices.