Communicable Disease Summary 2011 FairFax County HealtH Department www.fairfaxcounty.gov/HD
... The effectiveness of public health investigations often depends on the timeliness of notification. Prompt reporting by clinicians can dramatically impact the course of these investigations and help to limit the spread of illness because Health Department staff are able to ensure the early implementa ...
... The effectiveness of public health investigations often depends on the timeliness of notification. Prompt reporting by clinicians can dramatically impact the course of these investigations and help to limit the spread of illness because Health Department staff are able to ensure the early implementa ...
2012 Annual Summary of Reportable Infectious Diseases for Cuyahoga County, Ohio
... within a specified time period divided by the total population at risk in that time period. When the term “rate” is used alone, it can be assumed to be an incidence rate. Rates were calculated by using population estimates from the 2010 U.S. Census. The estimates were most recently updated on May 26 ...
... within a specified time period divided by the total population at risk in that time period. When the term “rate” is used alone, it can be assumed to be an incidence rate. Rates were calculated by using population estimates from the 2010 U.S. Census. The estimates were most recently updated on May 26 ...
2011 Annual Summary of Reportable Infectious Diseases for Cuyahoga County, Ohio
... within a specified time period divided by the total population at risk in that time period. When the term “rate” is used alone, it can be assumed to be an incidence rate. Rates were calculated by using population estimates from the 2010 U.S. Census. The estimates were most recently updated on May 26 ...
... within a specified time period divided by the total population at risk in that time period. When the term “rate” is used alone, it can be assumed to be an incidence rate. Rates were calculated by using population estimates from the 2010 U.S. Census. The estimates were most recently updated on May 26 ...
UNICEF`s engagement in the Global Polio Eradication Initiative
... Polio is caused by a virus (wild poliovirus) that is spread through contaminated food and water or close contact with an infected person. It is particularly devastating because it can lead to lifelong paralysis, making it challenging for children to live healthy, normal lives. Around 1 in 200 infect ...
... Polio is caused by a virus (wild poliovirus) that is spread through contaminated food and water or close contact with an infected person. It is particularly devastating because it can lead to lifelong paralysis, making it challenging for children to live healthy, normal lives. Around 1 in 200 infect ...
... Departments of Community Development and Public Health Office of Communicable Disease Surveillance and Epidemiology, CDPH Incidence Trends across Cuyahoga County and City of Cleveland Preliminary results show that in the first six months of 2015, Cuyahoga County had 96 cases of syphilis, with 65 of ...
Poliomyelitis: Current Status in Iran and Worldwide
... became one of the most concerning childhood diseases in these areas (7). The first polio vaccine was developed in the 1950s by Jonas Salk (8). It is hoped that vaccination efforts and early detection of cases will result in global eradication of the disease by 2018 (9). In 2013; however, there were ...
... became one of the most concerning childhood diseases in these areas (7). The first polio vaccine was developed in the 1950s by Jonas Salk (8). It is hoped that vaccination efforts and early detection of cases will result in global eradication of the disease by 2018 (9). In 2013; however, there were ...
- Wiley Online Library
... Direct transmission from birds to humans is increasingly being demonstrated [33,34]; a zoonotic cycle (environmental disposition through bird excreta) is definitely implicated in transmission to humans [35] As for Cryptococcus neoformans, the role of bird and bat excreta in sustaining Histoplasmacaps ...
... Direct transmission from birds to humans is increasingly being demonstrated [33,34]; a zoonotic cycle (environmental disposition through bird excreta) is definitely implicated in transmission to humans [35] As for Cryptococcus neoformans, the role of bird and bat excreta in sustaining Histoplasmacaps ...
River Blindness Fact Sheet
... global disease burden of this disease has been considerably reduced as the result of very successful disease control programs led by the World Health Organization (WHO). These programs are based on vector control and/or mass administration of an oral drug called Ivermectin (Mectizan R ), being donat ...
... global disease burden of this disease has been considerably reduced as the result of very successful disease control programs led by the World Health Organization (WHO). These programs are based on vector control and/or mass administration of an oral drug called Ivermectin (Mectizan R ), being donat ...
2014 Annual Summary of Reportable Infectious Diseases for
... within a specified time period divided by the total population at risk in that time period. When the term “rate” is used alone, it can be assumed to be an incidence rate. Rates were calculated by using population estimates from the 2010 U.S. Census. The estimates were most recently updated on July 1 ...
... within a specified time period divided by the total population at risk in that time period. When the term “rate” is used alone, it can be assumed to be an incidence rate. Rates were calculated by using population estimates from the 2010 U.S. Census. The estimates were most recently updated on July 1 ...
Ebola virus disease, West Africa – update 25 July 2014
... Early treatment improves a patient's chances of survival, and Dr Brantly recognised his own symptoms and began receiving care immediately, said Melissa Strickland, a spokeswoman for Samaritan's Purse. Dr Brantly received intensive treatment yesterday at a hospital in Monrovia and was talking to his ...
... Early treatment improves a patient's chances of survival, and Dr Brantly recognised his own symptoms and began receiving care immediately, said Melissa Strickland, a spokeswoman for Samaritan's Purse. Dr Brantly received intensive treatment yesterday at a hospital in Monrovia and was talking to his ...
Endemic Typhus in Singapore – A Re
... a vector of disease has not been established in Singapore nor in South-East Asia. Travel history was significant in only three cases in this series; their infection was most likely acquired during their foreign travel as their symptom onset was within days of their return. All cases were to countrie ...
... a vector of disease has not been established in Singapore nor in South-East Asia. Travel history was significant in only three cases in this series; their infection was most likely acquired during their foreign travel as their symptom onset was within days of their return. All cases were to countrie ...
complexities and challenges for the elimination of infectious diseases
... Main challenges include the build-up of susceptibles that are repeatedly missed by campaigns, the need to tailor control strategies to specific demographic and public health contexts, and vaccine refusal in the developed world where incidence has been very low for decades [22,23]. Meningococcal meni ...
... Main challenges include the build-up of susceptibles that are repeatedly missed by campaigns, the need to tailor control strategies to specific demographic and public health contexts, and vaccine refusal in the developed world where incidence has been very low for decades [22,23]. Meningococcal meni ...
Text - Enlighten: Publications
... Main challenges include the build-up of susceptibles that are repeatedly missed by campaigns, the need to tailor control strategies to specific demographic and public health contexts, and vaccine refusal in the developed world where incidence has been very low for decades [22,23]. Meningococcal meni ...
... Main challenges include the build-up of susceptibles that are repeatedly missed by campaigns, the need to tailor control strategies to specific demographic and public health contexts, and vaccine refusal in the developed world where incidence has been very low for decades [22,23]. Meningococcal meni ...
Geographical distribution and epidemiological
... Most of the patients lived in urban areas and a possible explanation for this finding could be that some of the sylvatic foci are located close to the cities with recorded cases. Most people living in cities in Bulgaria are closely linked to the rural settlements because they have relatives living t ...
... Most of the patients lived in urban areas and a possible explanation for this finding could be that some of the sylvatic foci are located close to the cities with recorded cases. Most people living in cities in Bulgaria are closely linked to the rural settlements because they have relatives living t ...
resolutions - World Health Organization
... campaigns will be conducted; (id) the pooling of experience and the formulation of recommendations for the production of a sufficient amount of thermostable smallpox vaccine suitable for prolonged storage and use in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, and (e) study of the measures to be t ...
... campaigns will be conducted; (id) the pooling of experience and the formulation of recommendations for the production of a sufficient amount of thermostable smallpox vaccine suitable for prolonged storage and use in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, and (e) study of the measures to be t ...
What is an outbreak
... - Who are the cases? (person) - Where do they live? (place) - When did they become ill? (time) ...
... - Who are the cases? (person) - Where do they live? (place) - When did they become ill? (time) ...
Volume 6, Issue 11, November 2005 File Size:
... C. parvum (formerly known as C. parvum type II) and C. hominis (formerly known as C. parvum type I) are the main species associated with human infection, although a minority of infections have been linked with other species such as C. felis and C. meleagridis. The primary reservoir for C. hominis is ...
... C. parvum (formerly known as C. parvum type II) and C. hominis (formerly known as C. parvum type I) are the main species associated with human infection, although a minority of infections have been linked with other species such as C. felis and C. meleagridis. The primary reservoir for C. hominis is ...
From one home to another: my experience with the Ebola crisis
... • Bordering Sierra Leone and Liberia, at intersection of 3 nations, disease found an easy entry point to the region ...
... • Bordering Sierra Leone and Liberia, at intersection of 3 nations, disease found an easy entry point to the region ...
3. Foodborne and suspected foodborne disease
... It has been estimated that there are 5.4 million cases of foodborne illness in Australia each year and that the cost of this illness is estimated at $1.2 billion per year1. This is likely to be an underestimate of the cost of enteric illness in Australia as not all enteric infections are caused by f ...
... It has been estimated that there are 5.4 million cases of foodborne illness in Australia each year and that the cost of this illness is estimated at $1.2 billion per year1. This is likely to be an underestimate of the cost of enteric illness in Australia as not all enteric infections are caused by f ...
Nematoda - Moore Public Schools
... pump much more blood than they can digest, pumping the blood through their intestines, partially digesting it and absorbing the nutrients. They suck much more blood than they need for food and heavy infestations can cause anemia. Children with hookworms may experience retarded mental and physical gr ...
... pump much more blood than they can digest, pumping the blood through their intestines, partially digesting it and absorbing the nutrients. They suck much more blood than they need for food and heavy infestations can cause anemia. Children with hookworms may experience retarded mental and physical gr ...
Hookworm as a potential vector for infection
... virus-host interactions (4). A wild-type strain of C. elegans could not be infected with vaccinia virus (VV), Sindbis virus, baculovirus, or adenovirus by a number of standard infection protocols. The authors sought to determine whether the insusceptibility of C. elegans to VV infection was due to t ...
... virus-host interactions (4). A wild-type strain of C. elegans could not be infected with vaccinia virus (VV), Sindbis virus, baculovirus, or adenovirus by a number of standard infection protocols. The authors sought to determine whether the insusceptibility of C. elegans to VV infection was due to t ...
Adolpho Lutz
... furnish a large proportion of cases. It thus becomes clear that the transmissibility and propagation of leprosy must require certain conditions, the most important of which is the preexistence of other cases of leprosy, but this is no proof that contagion is direct. On the contrary, many of patients ...
... furnish a large proportion of cases. It thus becomes clear that the transmissibility and propagation of leprosy must require certain conditions, the most important of which is the preexistence of other cases of leprosy, but this is no proof that contagion is direct. On the contrary, many of patients ...
elimination and eradication of diseases, with special reference to
... always been a major public health priority. In the past, control measures were based on incomplete knowledge of the epidemiology of the disease to be controlled and were directed at perceived factors of disease causation. As knowledge of the epidemiology of diseases improved, and with the developmen ...
... always been a major public health priority. In the past, control measures were based on incomplete knowledge of the epidemiology of the disease to be controlled and were directed at perceived factors of disease causation. As knowledge of the epidemiology of diseases improved, and with the developmen ...
After Ebola in West Africa - World Health Organization
... infectious diseases,16 roughly 20% of cases can be considered to be “superspreaders,” being sources of infection for about 80% of cases in the following generation (Fig. 4A). Thus, the average case reproduction numbers determine the criterion for the elimination of Ebola from most of the population, ...
... infectious diseases,16 roughly 20% of cases can be considered to be “superspreaders,” being sources of infection for about 80% of cases in the following generation (Fig. 4A). Thus, the average case reproduction numbers determine the criterion for the elimination of Ebola from most of the population, ...
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epidemiology Program
... · The Method of Analogy - If the symptoms and mode of transmission of an unknown disease resemble those of a known disease, the causal factor(s) may be hypothesized to be similar. ...
... · The Method of Analogy - If the symptoms and mode of transmission of an unknown disease resemble those of a known disease, the causal factor(s) may be hypothesized to be similar. ...
Dracunculiasis
Dracunculiasis, also called guinea worm disease (GWD), is an infection by the guinea worm. A person becomes infected when they drink water that contains water fleas infected with guinea worm larvae. Initially there are no symptoms. About one year later, the person develops a painful burning feeling as the female worm forms a blister in the skin, usually on the lower limb. The worm then comes out of the skin over the course of a few weeks. During this time, it may be difficult to walk or work. It is very uncommon for the disease to cause death.Humans and dogs are the only known animals that guinea worms infect. The worm is about one to two millimeters wide and an adult female is 60 to 100 centimeters long (males are much shorter at 12–29 mm or 0.47–1.14 in). Outside of humans the eggs can survive up to three weeks, during which they must be eaten by water fleas to continue to develop. The larva inside water fleas may survive up to four months. Thus the disease must occur each year in humans to stay in an area. A diagnosis of the disease can usually be made based on the signs and symptoms of the disease.Prevention is by early diagnosis of the disease followed by keeping the person from putting the wound in drinking water to decrease spread of the parasite. Other efforts include improving access to clean water and otherwise filtering water if it is not clean. Filtering through a cloth is often enough. Contaminated drinking water may be treated with a chemical called temefos to kill the larva. There is no medication or vaccine against the disease. The worm may be slowly removed over a few weeks by rolling it over a stick. The ulcers formed by the emerging worm may get infected by bacteria. Pain may continue for months after the worm has been removed.In 2014 there were 126 cases of the disease reported. This is down from 3.5 million cases in 1986. It only exists in 4 countries in Africa, down from 20 countries in the 1980s. The country most affected is South Sudan. It will likely be the first parasitic disease to be eradicated. Guinea worm disease has been known since ancient times. It is mentioned in the Egyptian medical Ebers Papyrus, dating from 1550 BC. The name dracunculiasis is derived from the Latin ""affliction with little dragons"", while the name ""guinea worm"" appeared after Europeans saw the disease on the Guinea coast of West Africa in the 17th century. A species similar to guinea worms causes disease in other animals. These do not appear to infect humans. It is classified as a neglected tropical disease.