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Proofreading for Spelling, Punctuation, and Sentence Usage/Structure
Proofreading for Spelling, Punctuation, and Sentence Usage/Structure

... 1. Scan the paper and stop at each individual comma. 2. If there is a complete sentence on each side of a comma, then a coordinating conjunction should be added after the comma or replaced by a semicolon. 3. Alternatively, if there is a complete sentence on each side of a comma, then the sentence ca ...
Explanations
Explanations

... A coordinating conjunction is a word which joins together two independent clauses (has both a subject and predicate) that are equally important. A comma comes before the conjunction. The most common coordinating conjunctions are the following: and--joins two similar ideas but--joins two contrasting ...
Types of Sentences
Types of Sentences

... • N There was no house nearby, nor did they have any food with them. • B They wanted to pick blueberries as a snack, but a bear growled at them from the berry patch. • O Should they leave now, or should they wait awhile? (Comma optional) Y The job was not done, yet they needed to rest and eat. • S T ...
8GrammarDef
8GrammarDef

... object. Conjunction – A joining or linking word. A conjunction often links two sentences (complete thoughts) together. Comma – There are several rules when using a comma: ...
Document
Document

... A sentence must not only contain a subject and a verb; it must also express a complete thought. A clause is a group of related words that contains a subject and its verb. There are independent clauses that express a complete thought and dependent (subordinate) clauses that do not express a complete ...
Grammar & Mechanics
Grammar & Mechanics

... sentence should be concise and complete. As you build on your writing, each sentence should add to and not detract from previous sentences. Always go from old information to new information, and don’t assume that the reader knows what you are trying to say. ...
Grammar and Usage Review Sentence Fragments— In order to be
Grammar and Usage Review Sentence Fragments— In order to be

... Use quotation marks to set off a direct quotation or thought within a sentence or paragraph. Always embed all of your quotes, making the transition from your words to the words you are quoting as seamless as possible. If you can incorporate the quotes in such a way, you do not have to use quotation ...
Comma Usage Commas Guidelines 3 pages long (ELC charges 10
Comma Usage Commas Guidelines 3 pages long (ELC charges 10

... Mr. Jones described two planets, Mars and Saturn. (in apposition with the object, planets) My favorite teacher was Mr. Jones, my science teacher. (in apposition with the predicate complement, Mr. Jones) An appositive may sum up the meaning of a whole group of words: Mr. Jones chews gum noisily and c ...
Rules for Finding and Fixing Comma Splices and
Rules for Finding and Fixing Comma Splices and

... When you are fixing a comma splice or fused sentence, subordinate conjunctions are the most tricky to use. There are two reasons that subordinate conjunctions are tricky: 1) there are many subordinate conjunctions to choose from, and 2) you must use the right punctuation. For those who are not faint ...
The Almighty and Useful Comma
The Almighty and Useful Comma

... If a sentence has the same meaning when a modifier is removed, then it is a “nonrestrictive element” and needs to be set off with commas. A “restrictive element” defines the meaning of the word it modifies and is essential to the sentence. Since it contains crucial information, a restrictive element ...
Adapted from: Dartmouth University`s Writing Expectations
Adapted from: Dartmouth University`s Writing Expectations

... Modifiers are any adjectives, adverbs, phrases, or clauses that a writer uses to elaborate on something. Modifiers, when used wisely, enhance your writing. But if they are not wellconsidered - or if they are put in the wrong places in your sentences - the results can be less than eloquent. Consider, ...
WRITING STYLE ADVICE FOR PROPOSALS
WRITING STYLE ADVICE FOR PROPOSALS

... o Eliminate wordy phrases; for clarity and conciseness, emphasize verbs and active voice. In active voice, the subject of the sentence does something. Examples: The literature shows; the results indicate; the data suggest. wordy -The main cause of these problems stems from . . . -This approach can r ...
Using Commas After Introductory Words, Phrases, and Clauses
Using Commas After Introductory Words, Phrases, and Clauses

... An introductory phrase may include more than one prepositional phrase. Place the comma at the end of the entire introductory phrase and before the independent clause begins. On our walk in the woods, we saw a variety of birds. Comma Usage with Introductory Prepositional Phrases A comma is used after ...
1. Sentence fragment
1. Sentence fragment

... Fused sentences occur when two or more independent clauses (complete thoughts) have no punctuation separating them. To correct the error, divide them into separate sentences either with a comma and an appropriate coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, nor, so, yet), a semicolon, or a period. Also, ...
Grammar Unit - Mr. Hernandez
Grammar Unit - Mr. Hernandez

... Commas ...
dependent clause
dependent clause

... Commas should be placed in series of words, phrases, or clauses. ...
Common Writing Problems
Common Writing Problems

... 34. Use the proper part of speech: noun, pronoun, adjective, verb, adverb, preposition, conjunction, article, and interjection (478 – 489). 35. Remove all sentence fragments (278 – 289). 36. Remove all run-on sentences (286 – 294). 37. A comma (,) precedes the 7 coordinating conjunctions joining ind ...
copy editing quiz - Glenna Collett Design
copy editing quiz - Glenna Collett Design

... most popular book. The city and state are always separated by a comma, and the state is also separated by a comma. ...
Comma Rules - TeacherWeb
Comma Rules - TeacherWeb

... It’s too late, I believe, to do anything about it now. I think he’s at the mall now, in fact. ...
The Comma
The Comma

... 6) Compound Sentences: Use commas between two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so). Ex. “I like candy floss, but Kelly likes candy apples.” Note – When the subject of the compound sentence takes more than one verb, it is often possible to elimina ...
Run-Ons Fused Sentences And Comma Splices
Run-Ons Fused Sentences And Comma Splices

... piece inviting. When there is no punctuation to separate these independent clauses (complete sentences), then it’s called a run-on or fused sentence. Examples of run-on/ fused sentences: * I like walking to the park I take my dog with me. ...
Simple Sentences - Spokane Public Schools
Simple Sentences - Spokane Public Schools

... I can identify the simple subject and simple sentence in a sentences to help me better explain the function of phrases. L.7.1A I can identify comma rules to follow when writing simple sentences. L.7.2A ...
cumulative - Villa Walsh Academy
cumulative - Villa Walsh Academy

... Ending a Quote • Any commas and periods come BEFORE the close quote mark (when you are not including a citation immediately afterward). • Juliet laments that the ropes are “beguiled.” • Juliet laments that the ropes are “beguiled,” as they will never have the opportunity to support Romeo’s weight w ...
Grammar Notes - Holly High School
Grammar Notes - Holly High School

... of the preposition and includes any adjectives or articles that modify the object of the preposition. o Prepositional phrases can act as adjectives or adverbs. o Prepositional phrases often tell direction. o Look for phrases that begin with words such as: in, between, on, under, around, inside, etc. ...
CAPITALIZATION
CAPITALIZATION

... _______ Use a comma after each transition word or phrase: To begin with, many students enjoy choosing out their outfits in the mornings, which makes them excited for the school day. In addition, three out of five students said they would feel that their individuality would be affected negatively by ...
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Comma

The comma ( , ) is a punctuation mark that appears in several variants in various languages. It has the same shape as an apostrophe or single closing quotation mark in many typefaces, but it differs from them in being placed on the baseline of the text. Some typefaces render it as a small line, slightly curved or straight but inclined from the vertical, or with the appearance of a small, filled-in number 9.The comma is used in many contexts and languages, mainly for separating parts of a sentence such as clauses, and items in lists, particularly when there are three or more items listed. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the word comma comes directly from the Greek komma (κόμμα), which means something cut off or a short clause. A comma can also be used as a diacritic when combined with other characters.
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