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ganz – some notes concerning aristotle
ganz – some notes concerning aristotle

... – who vie for top positions in society, in government, in business, in religion not because they are any good at what those roles require, but because their top-level role will finally secure for them a continuous flow of praise and flattery). The deviant form of this is the lowest form of polity (i ...
Aristotle
Aristotle

... • Humans are self-directed beings ...
Aristotle
Aristotle

... • Humans are self-directed beings ...
Notes for Aristotle`s On Soul
Notes for Aristotle`s On Soul

... Aristotle’s theory of perception is an example of a causal theory of perception. He would not be satisfied only to describe from a first-person point of view precisely what it is like to perceive something. Phenomenology, an important twentieth-century philosophical movement, treats perception in th ...
Pre Socratics and The School of Athens PowerPoint
Pre Socratics and The School of Athens PowerPoint

... It was painted between 1510 and 1511 as a part of Raphael's commission to decorate with frescoes the rooms now known as the Stanza della Signatura, in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican. The "School of Athens" is one of a group of four main frescoes on the walls of the Stanza (those on either side ...
Aristotelian Background I
Aristotelian Background I

... Similarly, what is after the change is new It is a “coming-to-be” or a generation We will return to (1) - qualitative change - below ...
plato n aristotle
plato n aristotle

... Socrates right for Athens. Plato knows condemning Socrates is wrong; so he knows that there must be standards that are more conventional. The Forms, the dialectic about Justice, and the subordination of everything else to the Form of the Good all reflect his view against relativism and skepticism. F ...
rev first summer 06 5/30/06
rev first summer 06 5/30/06

... Bradshaw’s book, Aristotle East and West: Metaphysics and the Division of Christendom, is a study of how the division occurred. “People ask me why I start as far back as Aristotle,” Bradshaw remarks. “But you can’t understand medieval Christian thought without Aristotle. In fact, my thesis is that t ...
Civilization Sequence 201
Civilization Sequence 201

... theories. Normative ethical theories such as utilitarianism and Kantianism provide us with rules to decide what the morally right thing to do is. An alternative to these rule oriented normative ethical theories based on Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics has been adopted by an increasing number of moral phil ...
Aristotle
Aristotle

... theories. Normative ethical theories such as utilitarianism and Kantianism provide us with rules to decide what the morally right thing to do is. An alternative to these rule oriented normative ethical theories based on Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics has been adopted by an increasing number of moral phil ...
Aristotle
Aristotle

... The dominant views in philosophical ethics for the past two or three centuries have been rule-oriented theories. Normative ethical theories such as utilitarianism and Kantianism provide us with rules to decide what is the morally right thing to do. An alternative to these rule oriented normative eth ...
St Thomas Aquinas
St Thomas Aquinas

... go out of existence. Since it is impossible for things always to exist. at some time they did not. But that is absurd since then nothing would have come into existence. Therefore all beings are not merely possible but some being must be necessary. This thing we call God. 4. The argument from degrees ...
Aristotle: The first encyclopedist
Aristotle: The first encyclopedist

... one of the greatest thinkers of all times. I believe the answer to the question of Rowan-Robinson is positive, first of all because the first known physics books that have been conserved through the centuries belong to Aristotle. But Aristotle was much much more. He was the first encyclopedist of ma ...
HON 280 -- LECTURE NINE (Ptolemy to copernicus) THE
HON 280 -- LECTURE NINE (Ptolemy to copernicus) THE

... which God had originally placed us in harmony. And it was really quite hopeless to do what the natural philosopher wanted to do, i.e., describe on a detailed scale the links between causes and effects. Rather, the goal should simply be to use talismans and incantations to re-establish our connection ...
Aristotle - Start.ca
Aristotle - Start.ca

... Ethics: Aristotle We have seen that Greek philosophy was highly speculative, especially in metaphysics (Remember Thales & the others -- the one substance behind all reality is water? air? fire? earth?), where they tried to discover the true nature of the world by reason alone. This had an immediate ...
Metaphysics
Metaphysics

... element (substratum), which is sensible and perishable and the immaterial and imperishable element (universal). a. The universal exists only in the individual, and we cannot apprehend it except through apprehension of the individual. b. The senses perceive the material element, but the intellect, in ...
Plato and Aristotle
Plato and Aristotle

... • Universe and all things in it have a purpose • Four causes: 1. Material cause: the matter that makes it up 2. Formal cause: the principle or law by which it is made 3. Efficient cause: the person or event that actually makes something happen by doing something 4. Final cause: the purpose of the th ...
Aristotle - Philosophy of Politics II
Aristotle - Philosophy of Politics II

... in prison than escape into exile, leaving the arena of the city, where he debated on what is virtuous and just. The pursuit of virtue and justice to Socrates and his followers was far more important than wealth, than self interest, or even life itself. These philosophers very early identified the ow ...
Physics Book I Study Guide Part 1 of 1 File
Physics Book I Study Guide Part 1 of 1 File

... marble, you may say that it is beautiful qua work of art, not qua lump of marble; or of Shakespeare, you may say that he was brilliant qua writer, not qua mathematician; or of a human zygote, you may say that it is a human being qua genetic code, but not a human being qua conscious person. ...
Greek Philosophy - HCC Learning Web
Greek Philosophy - HCC Learning Web

... • Water alone, not the gods, responsible for all changes in nature • First time attributed events to nature, not gods • Thales started Greek free discussion of ideas in public areas such as the agora, no longer limited to an educated elite or the priests. ...
Realism PP - Kirsten English Home
Realism PP - Kirsten English Home

... and constitute the first comprehensive system of Western philosophy. ...
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Four causes

""Four causes"" refers to an influential principle in Aristotelian thought whereby explanations of change or movement are classified into four fundamental types of answer to the question ""why?"" Aristotle wrote that ""we do not have knowledge of a thing until we have grasped its why, that is to say, its explanation."" While there are cases where classifying an explanation is difficult, or in which classes of explanation might merge, Aristotle was convinced that his four classes of explanation provided an analytical scheme of general applicability.Aitia, from Greek αἰτία was the word that Aristotle used to refer to the concept of explanation. Traditionally in academic philosophy it has been translated as cause, but this tradition uses the word 'cause' in a peculiar way that is obsolete, or highly specialized and technical in philosophy, not in its most usual current ordinary language usage. The translation of Aristotle's αἰτία that is nearest to current ordinary language is 'explanation'.Aristotle held that there were four kinds of answers to 'why' questions (in Physics II, 3, and Metaphysics V, 2): In this article, the peculiar philosophical usage of the word 'cause' will be exercised, for tradition's sake, but the reader should not be misled by confusing this peculiar usage with current ordinary language. A change or movement's material cause is the aspect of the change or movement which is determined by the material that composes the moving or changing things. For a table, that might be wood; for a statue, that might be bronze or marble. A change or movement's formal cause is a change or movement caused by the arrangement, shape or appearance of the thing changing or moving. Aristotle says for example that the ratio 2:1, and number in general, is the cause of the octave. A change or movement's efficient or moving cause consists of things apart from the thing being changed or moved, which interact so as to be an agency of the change or movement. For example, the efficient cause of a table is a carpenter, or a person working as one, and according to Aristotle the efficient cause of a boy is a father. An event's final cause is the end toward which it directs. That for the sake of which a thing is what it is. For a seed, it might be an adult plant. For a sailboat, it might be sailing. For a ball at the top of a ramp, it might be coming to rest at the bottom.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑
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