mast cells
... Type I: Immediate hypersensitivity (anaphylaxis) 1st exposure to antigen production of specific AB their binding to mast cells (sensitization). Next exposure allergen degranulates mast cells release of histamine (immediate ...
... Type I: Immediate hypersensitivity (anaphylaxis) 1st exposure to antigen production of specific AB their binding to mast cells (sensitization). Next exposure allergen degranulates mast cells release of histamine (immediate ...
Chapter 15 Cellular Mediated immunity 1. Define immunity providing
... 13. Where do B cell mature in the human body? Where do T cells mature? (4 pts) 14. Where do B and T cell go after maturation? (2pts) 15. What are natural killer (NK) or cytotoxic killer (Tc) cells? a. What are their functions? (6 pts) ...
... 13. Where do B cell mature in the human body? Where do T cells mature? (4 pts) 14. Where do B and T cell go after maturation? (2pts) 15. What are natural killer (NK) or cytotoxic killer (Tc) cells? a. What are their functions? (6 pts) ...
Immunology overview notes
... a family of proteins produced by T-cells or virusinfected cells. The infected cell may die, but its interferon reaches healthy cells in the area, stimulating them to produce proteins that interfere with virus reproduction. Interferon is effective against many viruses and is therefore nonspecific. In ...
... a family of proteins produced by T-cells or virusinfected cells. The infected cell may die, but its interferon reaches healthy cells in the area, stimulating them to produce proteins that interfere with virus reproduction. Interferon is effective against many viruses and is therefore nonspecific. In ...
Immunology
... • Destruction and digestion • Oxygen dependent mechanisms oxidized sugars via TCA cycle • Highly toxic oxygen by-products such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals are produced • Once oxygen is depleted fermentation anaerobic metabolism starts • Metabolic pathway switches to lactic ...
... • Destruction and digestion • Oxygen dependent mechanisms oxidized sugars via TCA cycle • Highly toxic oxygen by-products such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals are produced • Once oxygen is depleted fermentation anaerobic metabolism starts • Metabolic pathway switches to lactic ...
Ch31_Figures-Immunology
... Innate vs. adaptive immunity Working in pairs and without looking at your notes, identify whether each item below is characteristic of innate immunity and/or adaptive immunity: 1. Barriers such as skin 2. Antibodies 3. Phagocytes 4. Lysozyme 5. B cells 6. Complement system 7. Distinguishing “self” f ...
... Innate vs. adaptive immunity Working in pairs and without looking at your notes, identify whether each item below is characteristic of innate immunity and/or adaptive immunity: 1. Barriers such as skin 2. Antibodies 3. Phagocytes 4. Lysozyme 5. B cells 6. Complement system 7. Distinguishing “self” f ...
Lymphatic System - Belle Vernon Area School District
... d. Five Classes of Ab 1. ____ – Most common - small 2. ___ – protection on body surfaces 3. ____ – First to be produced – large 4. ____ – Antigen-antibody receptors 5. ____ – Allergies (bind to mast cells) e. _______– made for specific antigens f. ________ – same between all antibodies ...
... d. Five Classes of Ab 1. ____ – Most common - small 2. ___ – protection on body surfaces 3. ____ – First to be produced – large 4. ____ – Antigen-antibody receptors 5. ____ – Allergies (bind to mast cells) e. _______– made for specific antigens f. ________ – same between all antibodies ...
lung cancer 3
... • Thus, for an effective antitumor immune response, it is necessary for the tumour antigens to be accessible to the effector cells of the host at an early enough stage in tumor development . ...
... • Thus, for an effective antitumor immune response, it is necessary for the tumour antigens to be accessible to the effector cells of the host at an early enough stage in tumor development . ...
Natural Killer (NK) Cells and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV
... More recently, scientists showed that NK cells are involved in several other pathways to combat HIV infection, such as through secreting degranulated perforin and granzyme B to kill target cells; the Fas-FasL pathway to induce lysis of infected cells; production of cytokines to regulate immunity; an ...
... More recently, scientists showed that NK cells are involved in several other pathways to combat HIV infection, such as through secreting degranulated perforin and granzyme B to kill target cells; the Fas-FasL pathway to induce lysis of infected cells; production of cytokines to regulate immunity; an ...
1.9mb ppt - UCLA.edu
... Clonal Deletion (negative selection) For T cells, occurs in thymus Irreversible loss of activity, since Ag-reactive cells are gone Negative selection can be studied observing Vb17 T cell receptor model Vb17 is never expressed on peripheral T cells in mice that have MHC II IE Vb17 is expressed on co ...
... Clonal Deletion (negative selection) For T cells, occurs in thymus Irreversible loss of activity, since Ag-reactive cells are gone Negative selection can be studied observing Vb17 T cell receptor model Vb17 is never expressed on peripheral T cells in mice that have MHC II IE Vb17 is expressed on co ...
Cardiovascular System
... 3. RBCs have no _________________ and lack most cellular organelles a. RBCs can’t reproduce, only live for ____________________days 4. RBCs are made in the bone marrow at a rate of _______________/sec. 5. Dead RBCs are recycled in _______________ and _________________. a. The average male has ______ ...
... 3. RBCs have no _________________ and lack most cellular organelles a. RBCs can’t reproduce, only live for ____________________days 4. RBCs are made in the bone marrow at a rate of _______________/sec. 5. Dead RBCs are recycled in _______________ and _________________. a. The average male has ______ ...
Lymphatic system - Seattle Central
... – Volume of blood not returned to veins (about 3L per day) = lymph • Contains H20, blood components & tissue cell components (gases, solutes, blood proteins, hormones). ...
... – Volume of blood not returned to veins (about 3L per day) = lymph • Contains H20, blood components & tissue cell components (gases, solutes, blood proteins, hormones). ...
Lymphoid cells: Cells of the adaptive immune system
... between lymphocytes and their accessory cells with potentially harmful agents. Lymphoid tissue is not static; normally abundant in early life, it decreases with old age. In response to stimulation it can re-form and may develop at most sites. ...
... between lymphocytes and their accessory cells with potentially harmful agents. Lymphoid tissue is not static; normally abundant in early life, it decreases with old age. In response to stimulation it can re-form and may develop at most sites. ...
The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses
... Many small molecules (called haptens or incomplete antigens) are not antigenic, but link up with our own proteins The immune system may recognize and respond to a protein-hapten combination The immune response is harmful rather than protective because it attacks our own cells ...
... Many small molecules (called haptens or incomplete antigens) are not antigenic, but link up with our own proteins The immune system may recognize and respond to a protein-hapten combination The immune response is harmful rather than protective because it attacks our own cells ...
MHC and graft reject..
... * The grafted cells survive and react against the host cells i.e instead of reaction of host against the graft, the reverse occurs * GVH reaction is characterized by fever, pancytopenia, weight loss, rash , diarrhea, hepatsplenomegaly and ...
... * The grafted cells survive and react against the host cells i.e instead of reaction of host against the graft, the reverse occurs * GVH reaction is characterized by fever, pancytopenia, weight loss, rash , diarrhea, hepatsplenomegaly and ...
Exam Key 3 2008
... page 392 in text. Type III localized immune reaction that occurs when injection of an antigen, usually intradermally or subcutaneousl that occurs within 4-8 hours. Reaction is mediated by antigen-antibody mediated complement activation, producing complement intermediates that mediate mast-cell degra ...
... page 392 in text. Type III localized immune reaction that occurs when injection of an antigen, usually intradermally or subcutaneousl that occurs within 4-8 hours. Reaction is mediated by antigen-antibody mediated complement activation, producing complement intermediates that mediate mast-cell degra ...
Specific Cellular Defences - Smithycroft Secondary School
... that move to the site of infection under the direction of cytokines. I can state that each B-lymphocyte clone produces a specific antibody molecule that will recognise a specific antigen surface molecule on a pathogen or a toxin. Antigen-antibody complexes may inactivate a pathogen or toxin or rende ...
... that move to the site of infection under the direction of cytokines. I can state that each B-lymphocyte clone produces a specific antibody molecule that will recognise a specific antigen surface molecule on a pathogen or a toxin. Antigen-antibody complexes may inactivate a pathogen or toxin or rende ...
The Immune System File
... 2nd line cont’d… 3. Use of Phagocytosis • cells that kill bacteria by ingesting them • (i) macrophages -> phagocytic cells found in liver, spleen, brain and lungs. They circulate in the bloodstream and tissue fluid, looking for pathogens to engulf • (ii) neutrophils and monocytes -> white blood cel ...
... 2nd line cont’d… 3. Use of Phagocytosis • cells that kill bacteria by ingesting them • (i) macrophages -> phagocytic cells found in liver, spleen, brain and lungs. They circulate in the bloodstream and tissue fluid, looking for pathogens to engulf • (ii) neutrophils and monocytes -> white blood cel ...
White Blood Cells (WBCs)
... • the specific response is customized for each pathogen • responsible for acquired immunity • involves antigen-presenting cells and two types of lymphocytes • turns on when needed - inducible • “remembers” the pathogens it has “seen” and goes into action faster the second time • may confer lifelong ...
... • the specific response is customized for each pathogen • responsible for acquired immunity • involves antigen-presenting cells and two types of lymphocytes • turns on when needed - inducible • “remembers” the pathogens it has “seen” and goes into action faster the second time • may confer lifelong ...
CellsNoTP
... Short-lived (Hours or Days). Phagocytic Circulates, extravasates out of vasculature into tissue. Responds to chemotactic factors released by infection and inflammation (e.g. from complement or blood-clotting reactions or cytokines released by T-cells or macrophages). Granules release peroxidase, lys ...
... Short-lived (Hours or Days). Phagocytic Circulates, extravasates out of vasculature into tissue. Responds to chemotactic factors released by infection and inflammation (e.g. from complement or blood-clotting reactions or cytokines released by T-cells or macrophages). Granules release peroxidase, lys ...
Micro 532 Exam 1995
... long half-lives of the activated complement components. very low concentrations of the inactivated complement components in serum. the inability to activate the system in the presence of IgG antibodies. once activated, the destructive activities of complement are non-specific. none of the above ...
... long half-lives of the activated complement components. very low concentrations of the inactivated complement components in serum. the inability to activate the system in the presence of IgG antibodies. once activated, the destructive activities of complement are non-specific. none of the above ...
Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting (phagocytosing) harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Their name comes from the Greek phagein, ""to eat"" or ""devour"", and ""-cyte"", the suffix in biology denoting ""cell"", from the Greek kutos, ""hollow vessel"". They are essential for fighting infections and for subsequent immunity. Phagocytes are important throughout the animal kingdom and are highly developed within vertebrates. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes. They were first discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Mechnikov was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery. Phagocytes occur in many species; some amoebae behave like macrophage phagocytes, which suggests that phagocytes appeared early in the evolution of life.Phagocytes of humans and other animals are called ""professional"" or ""non-professional"" depending on how effective they are at phagocytosis. The professional phagocytes include many types of white blood cells (such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells). The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects, such as bacteria, that are not normally found in the body. Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections, as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan.During an infection, chemical signals attract phagocytes to places where the pathogen has invaded the body. These chemicals may come from bacteria or from other phagocytes already present. The phagocytes move by a method called chemotaxis. When phagocytes come into contact with bacteria, the receptors on the phagocyte's surface will bind to them. This binding will lead to the engulfing of the bacteria by the phagocyte. Some phagocytes kill the ingested pathogen with oxidants and nitric oxide. After phagocytosis, macrophages and dendritic cells can also participate in antigen presentation, a process in which a phagocyte moves parts of the ingested material back to its surface. This material is then displayed to other cells of the immune system. Some phagocytes then travel to the body's lymph nodes and display the material to white blood cells called lymphocytes. This process is important in building immunity, and many pathogens have evolved methods to evade attacks by phagocytes.