Patterns of medical discovery. - Computational Epistemology
... painkiller for most of a century before its effect on prostaglandins was discovered, and antibiotics such as penicillin were in use for decades before it became known how they kill bacteria. ...
... painkiller for most of a century before its effect on prostaglandins was discovered, and antibiotics such as penicillin were in use for decades before it became known how they kill bacteria. ...
Polymer brushes vs bacteria
... complex communities of microorganisms attached to a surface or interface enclosed in an exsopolysacchraride matrix of microbial and host origin to produce a spatially organized three dimentional structure (Costerton et al. 1995) ...
... complex communities of microorganisms attached to a surface or interface enclosed in an exsopolysacchraride matrix of microbial and host origin to produce a spatially organized three dimentional structure (Costerton et al. 1995) ...
Ocular manifestations of the phakomatoses
... The disease is most prevalent in Northern European countries. In USA, sarcoidosis is more common in African descendent than Caucasians, with annual incidence reported as 35.5 and 10.9/100,000, respectively. The pathogenesis of this disease is not yet known. The most accepted hypothesis is that in ge ...
... The disease is most prevalent in Northern European countries. In USA, sarcoidosis is more common in African descendent than Caucasians, with annual incidence reported as 35.5 and 10.9/100,000, respectively. The pathogenesis of this disease is not yet known. The most accepted hypothesis is that in ge ...
Allergy Testing And Immunotherapy
... problems seen in veterinary medicine. Some studies suggest that atopy occurs in about 10% of the canine population making it the second most common hypersensitivity disorder after Flea Allergic Dermatitis FAD. Atopy, allergic inhalant dermatitis, or atopic disease is an inherited predisposition to t ...
... problems seen in veterinary medicine. Some studies suggest that atopy occurs in about 10% of the canine population making it the second most common hypersensitivity disorder after Flea Allergic Dermatitis FAD. Atopy, allergic inhalant dermatitis, or atopic disease is an inherited predisposition to t ...
4 Article-Diagnosis and Treatment of UTI`s
... of significant pyuria may represent a contaminated specimen, or asymptomatic bacteriuria (addressed below). If no urinalysis is ordered, it is extremely difficult to distinguish between a contaminated culture and one that represents true infection. A review of each component of a urinalysis will be ...
... of significant pyuria may represent a contaminated specimen, or asymptomatic bacteriuria (addressed below). If no urinalysis is ordered, it is extremely difficult to distinguish between a contaminated culture and one that represents true infection. A review of each component of a urinalysis will be ...
Vertical transmission of HCV: first case report in Lahore, Pakistan
... risk of transmission of HCV from mother to child. HCV positive newborns should be referred to a specialist and the infected child probably develop hepatitis C antibodies during the first 12 to 18 months of life whereas, FDA has approved the treatment of children above 3 year of age with interferon a ...
... risk of transmission of HCV from mother to child. HCV positive newborns should be referred to a specialist and the infected child probably develop hepatitis C antibodies during the first 12 to 18 months of life whereas, FDA has approved the treatment of children above 3 year of age with interferon a ...
Nephrotic and nephritic Syndrome 2014
... and, less commonly, those of ophthalmologic diseases. Diagnosis is by family history and urinalysis. ...
... and, less commonly, those of ophthalmologic diseases. Diagnosis is by family history and urinalysis. ...
Adolescent with chronic Illness
... discerned, from the available Chest xray film) there are now increased reticular infiltrates in both lower lobes with interspersed peribronchial cuffings and cystic lucencies with honeycomb appearance. There are few fibroids in the left lung apex. The rest of the lung are clear, the heart is normal ...
... discerned, from the available Chest xray film) there are now increased reticular infiltrates in both lower lobes with interspersed peribronchial cuffings and cystic lucencies with honeycomb appearance. There are few fibroids in the left lung apex. The rest of the lung are clear, the heart is normal ...
What is New Delhi Metallo 1
... Klebsiella pneumoniae symptoms include sudden onset, of high fever(can be accompanied by dizziness and chills), cough (is also usually present with sputum), upper respiratory tract infections, foul odor released from the nose, congestion, wheezing, generalized skin infections, hemoptysis (currant je ...
... Klebsiella pneumoniae symptoms include sudden onset, of high fever(can be accompanied by dizziness and chills), cough (is also usually present with sputum), upper respiratory tract infections, foul odor released from the nose, congestion, wheezing, generalized skin infections, hemoptysis (currant je ...
C. difficile
... • Susceptible - level of antimicrobial activity associated with a high likelihood of therapeutic success • Intermediate - activity of uncertain therapeutic effect – Infection may be appropriately treated in body sites where the drugs are concentrated OR when a high dosage of drug can be used – It al ...
... • Susceptible - level of antimicrobial activity associated with a high likelihood of therapeutic success • Intermediate - activity of uncertain therapeutic effect – Infection may be appropriately treated in body sites where the drugs are concentrated OR when a high dosage of drug can be used – It al ...
Second Meeting of the Subcommittee of the Expert Committee on... Selection and Use of Essential Medicines
... Most frequent adverse events are GI related and occur in up to 4% of those treated [1, 2, 5] Prolongation of QT interval and CNS manifestations like head ache, insomnia, seizures are reported. Transient and reversible eosinopilia, neutropenia, elevated transaminases can occur. Rashes and photosensit ...
... Most frequent adverse events are GI related and occur in up to 4% of those treated [1, 2, 5] Prolongation of QT interval and CNS manifestations like head ache, insomnia, seizures are reported. Transient and reversible eosinopilia, neutropenia, elevated transaminases can occur. Rashes and photosensit ...
Standard and Transmission Based Precautions
... Standard Precautions are sufficient to interrupt the spread of most infectious agents. Transmission-based precautions are used in addition to Standard Precautions. Transmission of infection requires three elements: • a source of infecting microorganisms, • a susceptible host, and • a means of transm ...
... Standard Precautions are sufficient to interrupt the spread of most infectious agents. Transmission-based precautions are used in addition to Standard Precautions. Transmission of infection requires three elements: • a source of infecting microorganisms, • a susceptible host, and • a means of transm ...
Mycobacteria, genes and the `hygiene hypothesis`
... increasing as well [23,24]. It is important therefore to realize that the connecting link between allergic and autoimmune diseases is the fact that both represent poorly regulated and hence exaggerated immune responses. Most of the regulation in the immune system is performed by various regulatory T ...
... increasing as well [23,24]. It is important therefore to realize that the connecting link between allergic and autoimmune diseases is the fact that both represent poorly regulated and hence exaggerated immune responses. Most of the regulation in the immune system is performed by various regulatory T ...
Visceral leishmaniasis: host–parasite interactions and clinical
... macrophages, which are the primary target cells of Leishmania.32 It is possible that a robust first-line cytokine response is enough to prevent further spread and growth of the parasites, while in symptomatic individuals, this aspecific response is overcome by high parasite inocula, or is weak for gen ...
... macrophages, which are the primary target cells of Leishmania.32 It is possible that a robust first-line cytokine response is enough to prevent further spread and growth of the parasites, while in symptomatic individuals, this aspecific response is overcome by high parasite inocula, or is weak for gen ...
Control of Bacterial Growth
... one of the drugs used to treat infections Some organisms - resistant to all approved antibiotics and must be treated with experimental and potentially toxic drugs ...
... one of the drugs used to treat infections Some organisms - resistant to all approved antibiotics and must be treated with experimental and potentially toxic drugs ...
Chickenpox in Pregnancy and Postnatal Period
... 1992). In the UK, approximately 93% of adults have detectable antibodies to varicella so most pregnant women are immune (Nardone, et al. 2007). However, pregnant women who were born and raised in tropical and sub-tropical areas are at increased risk of varicella infection because a much lower propor ...
... 1992). In the UK, approximately 93% of adults have detectable antibodies to varicella so most pregnant women are immune (Nardone, et al. 2007). However, pregnant women who were born and raised in tropical and sub-tropical areas are at increased risk of varicella infection because a much lower propor ...
vaginal combined therapy
... 3-6 treatment sessions with 3 weeks interval. First treatment after the first menstruation. Prior to treatment the vagina is washed with 30ml of ...
... 3-6 treatment sessions with 3 weeks interval. First treatment after the first menstruation. Prior to treatment the vagina is washed with 30ml of ...
Decontamination Training - URMC
... extremities and spreads to trunk Infectious until all scabs healed over All contacts quarantined for at least 17 days ...
... extremities and spreads to trunk Infectious until all scabs healed over All contacts quarantined for at least 17 days ...
Producing Enterobacteriaceae policy
... Enterobacteriaceae are a large family of bacteria that usually live harmlessly in the gut of all humans and animals. However, these organisms are also some of the most common causes of opportunistic urinary tract infections, intra-abdominal and bloodstream infections. They include species such as Es ...
... Enterobacteriaceae are a large family of bacteria that usually live harmlessly in the gut of all humans and animals. However, these organisms are also some of the most common causes of opportunistic urinary tract infections, intra-abdominal and bloodstream infections. They include species such as Es ...
Preparation of Vaccines
... • Genetically engineered microbes or microbial antigens – Genes for microbial antigens are inserted into a plasmid vector and are cloned in appropriate hosts. – The resultant protein product is used to provoke immune system. ...
... • Genetically engineered microbes or microbial antigens – Genes for microbial antigens are inserted into a plasmid vector and are cloned in appropriate hosts. – The resultant protein product is used to provoke immune system. ...
USE OF BACTERIOPHAGE AS NOVEL FOOD ADDITIVES
... 5 hemolytic units per mL). In evaluating the safety of this new food additive, the FDA considered published reports from animal studies submitted by the petitioner and results from the use of phage therapies against human bacterial infections. 17 Clearly with this amendment, the FDA has demonstrated ...
... 5 hemolytic units per mL). In evaluating the safety of this new food additive, the FDA considered published reports from animal studies submitted by the petitioner and results from the use of phage therapies against human bacterial infections. 17 Clearly with this amendment, the FDA has demonstrated ...
Infection
Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to these organisms and the toxins they produce. Infectious disease, also known as transmissible disease or communicable disease, is illness resulting from an infection.Infections are caused by infectious agents including viruses, viroids, prions, bacteria, nematodes such as parasitic roundworms and pinworms, arthropods such as ticks, mites, fleas, and lice, fungi such as ringworm, and other macroparasites such as tapeworms and other helminths.Hosts can fight infections using their immune system. Mammalian hosts react to infections with an innate response, often involving inflammation, followed by an adaptive response.Specific medications used to treat infections include antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, antiprotozoals, and antihelminthics. Infectious diseases resulted in 9.2 million deaths in 2013 (about 17% of all deaths). The branch of medicine that focuses on infections is referred to as Infectious Disease.