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Bordetella pertussis
Bordetella pertussis

... The Bps polysaccharide of Bordetella pertussis promotes colonization and biofilm formation in the nose by functioning as an adhesin data reveal a biofilm lifestyle for B. pertussis in the nose and the requirement of Bps in this developmental process. Bps functions as an adhesin by promoting adherenc ...
Chapter 8 – summary: CATEGORIES OF INFECTIOUS AGENTS
Chapter 8 – summary: CATEGORIES OF INFECTIOUS AGENTS

... increase susceptibility to UTIs. UTIs can spread retrogradely from the bladder to the kidney and cause acute and chronic pyelonephritis, which is the major preventable cause of renal failure. From puberty until menopause, the vagina is protected from pathogens by a low pH resulting from catabolism o ...
Serine and Cysteine Proteases and Their Inhibitors as Antimicrobial
Serine and Cysteine Proteases and Their Inhibitors as Antimicrobial

... immunity through the activation of various cell types such as plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), conventional DCs (cDCs), and B cells. Analysis of TLR9 / mice revealed that TLR9 is essential not only for proinflammatory cytokines production and other inflammatory responses but it also plays a role in the indu ...
The adaptive significance of Fever
The adaptive significance of Fever

... Freeman, S., Herron, J.C. 2007. Evolutionary Analysis. San ...
Microbes, Brain and Behaviour
Microbes, Brain and Behaviour

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PubMed - Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection
PubMed - Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection

... cells and cellular function in living research subjects have revealed new insights into cell biology in the context of intact organs and their native environment. In the field of hematopoiesis and stem cell research, studies of cell trafficking involved in injury repair and hematopoietic engraftment ...
Extracellular milieu grossly alters pathogen
Extracellular milieu grossly alters pathogen

... Others found almost the reverse. Presence or absence of fetal calf serum distinguished the experimental setting between both groups. We examined here if this causes the divergent reaction of the pbMEC towards both pathogen species. We challenged pbMEC with proteins from heat killed E. coli or S. aur ...
Cotton, Sarah, Final Thesis.
Cotton, Sarah, Final Thesis.

... blocks the catalytic domains.19 The specific roles of Syk in specific signaling pathways will be discussed in later sections. Characteristics of Syk in the LFA-1 Integrin Pathway Syk is in multiple immune pathways including the integrin pathway that signal through LFA-1. Integrins are cell surface r ...
Licentiate thesis from the Department of Immunology,
Licentiate thesis from the Department of Immunology,

... Unlike the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system confers a high degree of specificity and diversity and is able to remember captured pathogens by the production of antigen-specific memory cells. The innate arm is said to activate the adaptive immune system and therefore the initial qualit ...
Drugs vs. Biologics Vaccines Case Studies from Production
Drugs vs. Biologics Vaccines Case Studies from Production

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Transient expression of human papillomavirus type 16 virus

... L1 monomers readily self-assembled into capsomeres and further into virus like particles (VLPs). Immunological characterization and electron microscopy showed that 89 % of L1 retained VLP structure also in extracts prepared from freeze-dried leaves. Plant expressed L1 in crude extracts was highly im ...
Regulation of the Germinal Center Dynamics Modelling Two
Regulation of the Germinal Center Dynamics Modelling Two

... Research on the germinal center has tried to unravel the mechanisms that control its dynamics. In this study we focus on the termination of the germinal center reaction, which is still an open problem. We propose two hypothetical biological mechanisms that may be responsible for the control of germi ...
Module 1 - BluWiki
Module 1 - BluWiki

... BRCA1 gene  Obviously, the difference between this and primary is that for some reason or another, our target group is more likely to get the disease than with primary  And lastly, what's up with tertiary prevention?  It is the prevention of further illness or complications or morbidity in people ...
Drosophila innate immunity - University of Arizona | Ecology and
Drosophila innate immunity - University of Arizona | Ecology and

... (TIR) domain. This domain interacts with several intracytoplasmic partners, which all have a death domain region (Fig. 2). Two of these are considered as adaptor proteins: a Drosophila homolog of MyD88, which, in addition to the death domain, has a TIR domain similar to that of Toll34,35 and Tube29. ...
Trained immunity: a new avenue for tuberculosis vaccine development
Trained immunity: a new avenue for tuberculosis vaccine development

... report of an outbreak on a US naval ship where 13 exposed individuals did not develop any signs of exposure, i.e. had a negative tuberculin skin test reaction after 6 months [30]. This suggests that the protected individuals were able to mount an effective innate immune response without the involvem ...
Use of carbohydrates and peptides in studies of adhesion of
Use of carbohydrates and peptides in studies of adhesion of

... with the PapD chaperone we prepared (49) synthetic peptides, each of which corresponds to the 19 Cterminal residues in the subunits. In an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) PapD bound well to the 19-residue peptide from the adhesin PapG (PapG296-314), and moderately or not at all to the Cter ...
Aspen talk (PPTminimizer)
Aspen talk (PPTminimizer)

... A radical departure from textbook: innate immunity vs adaptive immunity Too good to be true Not from a well-known establishment ...
Lymphatic System
Lymphatic System

... Phagocytes ...
Stressful event
Stressful event

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... his thesis has focused on two unique lymphocyte subsets that play an important role in anti-tumor immune responses and interactions between these subsets. iNKT cells constitute a lymphocyte lineage sharing characteristics of both T cells and NK cells. They display a highly restricted TCR repertoire ...
Chapters 40,43,45,48 36
Chapters 40,43,45,48 36

... I can identify and explain the parts of the immune system that represent how cells communicate via local/paracrine communication. I can explain the difference between a primary and secondary immune responses. I can explain the difference between active and passive immunity C 43 Focus questions: 1. ...
Detailed Contents
Detailed Contents

... Microbiology involves the study of several distinct groups of living things ...
Immunotherapy and Prevention
Immunotherapy and Prevention

... • Attenuated whole-agent vaccines use living but attenuated (weakened) microbes. Live vaccines more closely mimic an actual infection. Lifelong immunity, especially with viruses, is often achieved without booster immunizations, and an effectiveness rate of95% is not unusual. This long-term effective ...
Lecture 17 - Mechanisms of Pathogenecity Chpt. 17
Lecture 17 - Mechanisms of Pathogenecity Chpt. 17

... •Production of toxins that are then ingested •Colonization of surface of the host, followed by toxin production •Invasion of host tissues •Invasion of host tissues followed by toxin production ...
Kids` Nutrition - Nature`s Sunshine
Kids` Nutrition - Nature`s Sunshine

... Next to a healthy diet, physical activity is important for a child’s health “Kids are being diagnosed with anxiety, depression, ADHD, irritable bowel syndrome, and migraine headaches at alltime high rates. Whatever labels we want to use, the message is clear — our children are suffering from stress. ...
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Immunomics

Immunomics is the study of immune system regulation and response to pathogens using genome-wide approaches. With the rise of genomic and proteomic technologies, scientists have been able to visualize biological networks and infer interrelationships between genes and/or proteins; recently, these technologies have been used to help better understand how the immune system functions and how it is regulated. Two thirds of the genome is active in one or more immune cell types and less than 1% of genes are uniquely expressed in a given type of cell. Therefore, it is critical that the expression patterns of these immune cell types be deciphered in the context of a network, and not as an individual, so that their roles be correctly characterized and related to one another. Defects of the immune system such as autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency, and malignancies can benefit from genomic insights on pathological processes. For example, analyzing the systematic variation of gene expression can relate these patterns with specific diseases and gene networks important for immune functions.Traditionally, scientists studying the immune system have had to search for antigens on an individual basis and identify the protein sequence of these antigens (“epitopes”) that would stimulate an immune response. This procedure required that antigens be isolated from whole cells, digested into smaller fragments, and tested against T- and B-cells to observe T- and B- cell responses. These classical approaches could only visualize this system as a static condition and required a large amount of time and labor.Immunomics has made this approach easier by its ability to look at the immune system as a whole and characterize it as a dynamic model. It has revealed that some of the immune system’s most distinguishing features are the continuous motility, turnover, and plasticity of its constituent cells. In addition, current genomic technologies, like microarrays, can capture immune system gene expression over time and can trace interactions of microorganisms with cells of the innate immune system. New, proteomic approaches, including T-cell and B-cells-epitope mapping, can also accelerate the pace at which scientists discover antibody-antigen relationships.
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