Commensal-Specific CD4+ Cells From Patients
... play a pathogenic role in CD because they heavily infiltrate involved areas of the intestinal mucosa and extensive data from experimental models support this.17 These cells show T-helper (Th)1 and Th17 proinflammatory profiles.18–22 Despite being regarded as pathogenic key players in CD, their antigen ...
... play a pathogenic role in CD because they heavily infiltrate involved areas of the intestinal mucosa and extensive data from experimental models support this.17 These cells show T-helper (Th)1 and Th17 proinflammatory profiles.18–22 Despite being regarded as pathogenic key players in CD, their antigen ...
Expression of NTRK1/TrkA affects immunogenicity of neuroblastoma
... expression of co-stimulatory molecules and surface HLA class I and II molecules. This renders them a difficult target for the host T cell compartment.3 In contrast, it has been shown that NK cells are able to lyse neuroblastoma cells in vitro and inhibit neuroblastoma growth in mice and humans.4–6 Ne ...
... expression of co-stimulatory molecules and surface HLA class I and II molecules. This renders them a difficult target for the host T cell compartment.3 In contrast, it has been shown that NK cells are able to lyse neuroblastoma cells in vitro and inhibit neuroblastoma growth in mice and humans.4–6 Ne ...
Characteristics of human IgG Fc Receptors
... • Cells of the immune system interact with antibodies using receptors that bind to conserved structures within the constant region domains of the immunoglobulin heavy chains, the so called Fc region • These receptors for antibody are thus called Fc receptors or FcR • Different FcR exist which show s ...
... • Cells of the immune system interact with antibodies using receptors that bind to conserved structures within the constant region domains of the immunoglobulin heavy chains, the so called Fc region • These receptors for antibody are thus called Fc receptors or FcR • Different FcR exist which show s ...
The role of the cell wall in fungal pathogenesis
... While the biology (life cycle, metabolism and morphogenesis) of all these fungal species greatly differ, they also share certain common features that enable a successful colonization of the human host and are able to counteract its defence mechanisms. Such features are frequently called virulence fa ...
... While the biology (life cycle, metabolism and morphogenesis) of all these fungal species greatly differ, they also share certain common features that enable a successful colonization of the human host and are able to counteract its defence mechanisms. Such features are frequently called virulence fa ...
IL-4 is the signature Th2 effector cytokine
... TNF Family (e.g., TNF-a, CD40L, FasL, LT-b) TGF-b Family (e.g., TGF-b ) Chemokines (e.g., CC and CXC families) Hematopoietins / a.k.a. Four Helix Bundle (e.g., IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, GM-CSF, IFN-g, IFNa/b) ...
... TNF Family (e.g., TNF-a, CD40L, FasL, LT-b) TGF-b Family (e.g., TGF-b ) Chemokines (e.g., CC and CXC families) Hematopoietins / a.k.a. Four Helix Bundle (e.g., IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, GM-CSF, IFN-g, IFNa/b) ...
Immune suppression in cancer: Effects on immune cells
... tumor or is generated by surrounding tissue cells in response to the tumor is currently an unanswered question. It has been suggested that the recruited cells, activated in response to local “danger signals” might be a source of trophic factors for the tumor, but fail to exercise anti-tumor function ...
... tumor or is generated by surrounding tissue cells in response to the tumor is currently an unanswered question. It has been suggested that the recruited cells, activated in response to local “danger signals” might be a source of trophic factors for the tumor, but fail to exercise anti-tumor function ...
An Overview of Autoimmune Disorders
... Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder affecting the small joints of the hand and leg. Wrist, knuckles and fingers are the most commonly targeted areas. The immune system mistakenly attacks the healthy tissue lining the joints and leads to the Joint deformity and bone ero ...
... Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder affecting the small joints of the hand and leg. Wrist, knuckles and fingers are the most commonly targeted areas. The immune system mistakenly attacks the healthy tissue lining the joints and leads to the Joint deformity and bone ero ...
IJEB 38(10) 999-1002
... leukocyte cou nt and percentage of polymorph onuclear cells in irradiated mice. Bone marrow cellul arity and a-esterase positive cell s also increased significantly in radiation-treated animals after BR admin istration . Number of nodular colonies on the surface of splee n o n day seven increased si ...
... leukocyte cou nt and percentage of polymorph onuclear cells in irradiated mice. Bone marrow cellul arity and a-esterase positive cell s also increased significantly in radiation-treated animals after BR admin istration . Number of nodular colonies on the surface of splee n o n day seven increased si ...
Retrovirus classification and cell interactions
... to viral replication is less important; on the other hand, the opportunities for the virus to evolve resistance are also much less. Lentiviruses, as their name implies, are slow to cause disease, but infection is not latent. Progress to disease depends on several viral parameters (Table IV). As has ...
... to viral replication is less important; on the other hand, the opportunities for the virus to evolve resistance are also much less. Lentiviruses, as their name implies, are slow to cause disease, but infection is not latent. Progress to disease depends on several viral parameters (Table IV). As has ...
B Cell
... • Based on blood group frequencies in the USA there is a 35% chance that any 2 individuals will be ABO incompatible • Blood type incompatible recipients have natural occurring antibodies against carbohydrate epitopes on disparate blood group molecules which can result in hyperacute rejection • Up to ...
... • Based on blood group frequencies in the USA there is a 35% chance that any 2 individuals will be ABO incompatible • Blood type incompatible recipients have natural occurring antibodies against carbohydrate epitopes on disparate blood group molecules which can result in hyperacute rejection • Up to ...
Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. Britta Siegmund
... to the bench and vice versa with the ultimate goal to contribute to the understanding of the disease pathways as well as to identify possible novel therapeutic targets. Two main directions build the current focus of our group. First, the biological and clinical significance of „creeping fat“, a path ...
... to the bench and vice versa with the ultimate goal to contribute to the understanding of the disease pathways as well as to identify possible novel therapeutic targets. Two main directions build the current focus of our group. First, the biological and clinical significance of „creeping fat“, a path ...
HTLV-1 and the Host Immune System : How the Virus Disrupts
... To understand the T-cell abnormalities induced by HTLV-1, we need to take into account APCs as crucial partners that regulate the fates of T cells in vivo. It is difficult for in vitro experiments to elucidate this aspect of HTLV-1 infection ; thus we need to establish useful in vivo systems of HTLV ...
... To understand the T-cell abnormalities induced by HTLV-1, we need to take into account APCs as crucial partners that regulate the fates of T cells in vivo. It is difficult for in vitro experiments to elucidate this aspect of HTLV-1 infection ; thus we need to establish useful in vivo systems of HTLV ...
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells move down on the list of suspects: In
... Fig. 2. Role for cDCs in inducing HCV-specific T cell immunity. In periphery, cDCs may capture HCV viral antigen by phagocytosis of infected apoptotic hepatocytes, endocytosis of immune complexes or by macropinocytosis of free virions. Antigenic elements are represented in red [Note. Based on their l ...
... Fig. 2. Role for cDCs in inducing HCV-specific T cell immunity. In periphery, cDCs may capture HCV viral antigen by phagocytosis of infected apoptotic hepatocytes, endocytosis of immune complexes or by macropinocytosis of free virions. Antigenic elements are represented in red [Note. Based on their l ...
in Response to IL-2 and Bim Kip1 Regulates Transcription of p27
... For this purpose, CTLL-2 cells were lysed and analyzed by Western blotting using an anti-phospho-Thr24-FoxO1a/phospho-Thr32-FoxO3 (/phospho-Thr28-FoxO4) Ab (upper panel) or an anti-total FoxO4 Ab (lower panel). Controls consisting of FoxO4-, FoxO1-, and FoxO3-transfected U2OS cells were loaded in pa ...
... For this purpose, CTLL-2 cells were lysed and analyzed by Western blotting using an anti-phospho-Thr24-FoxO1a/phospho-Thr32-FoxO3 (/phospho-Thr28-FoxO4) Ab (upper panel) or an anti-total FoxO4 Ab (lower panel). Controls consisting of FoxO4-, FoxO1-, and FoxO3-transfected U2OS cells were loaded in pa ...
Investigating density dependent parasite resistance in
... to infection by a protozoan parasite, Ophryocystis elektroscirrha. To accomplish this goal, we will infect host larvae with calibrated doses of parasite spores and rear them in three density treatments. We will measure lethal and sub-lethal effects of disease, infection status, and immune parameters ...
... to infection by a protozoan parasite, Ophryocystis elektroscirrha. To accomplish this goal, we will infect host larvae with calibrated doses of parasite spores and rear them in three density treatments. We will measure lethal and sub-lethal effects of disease, infection status, and immune parameters ...
PDF
... the nurse cells and also those connecting the nurse cells to the oocyte. These bridges have been implicated in the process of determination of the oocytes and this has involved their identification in wild-type and mutant ovaries by means of serial reconstruction from light microscope and EM section ...
... the nurse cells and also those connecting the nurse cells to the oocyte. These bridges have been implicated in the process of determination of the oocytes and this has involved their identification in wild-type and mutant ovaries by means of serial reconstruction from light microscope and EM section ...
Host immune responses during Brucella infection
... infection. Later in the infection, complement is activated by the binding of a mannose‐binding lectin to carbohyd‐ rates found on the surface of Brucella spp., rather than by antibody binding. However, at the later stages of Brucella infections, the increased ...
... infection. Later in the infection, complement is activated by the binding of a mannose‐binding lectin to carbohyd‐ rates found on the surface of Brucella spp., rather than by antibody binding. However, at the later stages of Brucella infections, the increased ...
Glycoscience Japan – The Netherlands Joint Seminar 2016
... When the Chemical Design Meets Immunology: Carbohydrates as Adjuvants, Carbohydrates on Nanos ...
... When the Chemical Design Meets Immunology: Carbohydrates as Adjuvants, Carbohydrates on Nanos ...
Molecular and Cellular Basis of Immune Protection of Mucosal
... Dennis E. Lopatin, Ph.D. Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences School of Dentistry University of Michigan ...
... Dennis E. Lopatin, Ph.D. Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences School of Dentistry University of Michigan ...
Compartmentalizing intestinal epithelial cell toll
... microbes, also known as microbiota or microflora, lives in a symbiotic relationship with the host by engaging in food digestion and vitamin production. In return, host cells provide microbiota the essential surviving niches and nutrients [1–4]. Commensal microbes in healthy individuals critically pr ...
... microbes, also known as microbiota or microflora, lives in a symbiotic relationship with the host by engaging in food digestion and vitamin production. In return, host cells provide microbiota the essential surviving niches and nutrients [1–4]. Commensal microbes in healthy individuals critically pr ...
Metabolic checkpoints in activated T cells
... of how these checkpoints sense metabolic status and transduce signals to affect T lymphocyte responses. As one of the most ancient functional properties of cells, metabolism is not only required for the fulfillment of all bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands but also actively integrated into the si ...
... of how these checkpoints sense metabolic status and transduce signals to affect T lymphocyte responses. As one of the most ancient functional properties of cells, metabolism is not only required for the fulfillment of all bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands but also actively integrated into the si ...
Manifestation of ulcerative lichen planus and
... ratio ranged approximately from 1 to 3 and greater, being consistent with inflammation of periradicular tissues. The final differentiation of B lymphocytes to plasma cells was also detected, whilst natural killer (NK) cells were found in only 10 cases (22%). Moreover, antigen presenting cells and T ...
... ratio ranged approximately from 1 to 3 and greater, being consistent with inflammation of periradicular tissues. The final differentiation of B lymphocytes to plasma cells was also detected, whilst natural killer (NK) cells were found in only 10 cases (22%). Moreover, antigen presenting cells and T ...
Serotonin – A link between disgust and immunity?
... those immediately following exposure (which may be a matter of hours in the case of the GI tract); immunity takes over the control of threats that persisted despite disgust-based responses, such as avoidance or emesis. We therefore propose there is a defensive continuum between disgust and immunity, ...
... those immediately following exposure (which may be a matter of hours in the case of the GI tract); immunity takes over the control of threats that persisted despite disgust-based responses, such as avoidance or emesis. We therefore propose there is a defensive continuum between disgust and immunity, ...
week 13.: autoimmunity i.
... diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, 20 or 30 disease-associated genes have been identified; in most of these diseases, the HLA locus alone contributes half or more of the genetic susceptibility. HLA typing of large groups of patients with various autoimmune diseases has shown that some HLA alleles o ...
... diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, 20 or 30 disease-associated genes have been identified; in most of these diseases, the HLA locus alone contributes half or more of the genetic susceptibility. HLA typing of large groups of patients with various autoimmune diseases has shown that some HLA alleles o ...