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QUESTION
QUESTION

... (2) Enter all answers and questions in the normal view. (view/normal) (3) Change the category headings in the normal view (view/normal) (4) View as a slideshow. (5) Use the home red button after each question. ...
35 Kortylewski Nat Biotechnol 2009
35 Kortylewski Nat Biotechnol 2009

... The ability of siRNAs to control the expression of specific genes makes them an attractive new class of drugs with broad potential for the treatment of diverse human diseases. Several recent studies have shown the feasibility of in vivo siRNA delivery, demonstrating therapeutic efficacy in mouse mod ...
Human Osteoblasts Interaction with Mouse or Salmonella or
Human Osteoblasts Interaction with Mouse or Salmonella or

... expression by these cells. Cultured mouse and human osteoblasts were exposed to various numbers of S. aureus or Salmonella dublin bacteria, and a comprehensive analysis of granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF, granulocyte (G)-CSF, macrophage (M)-CSF, and interleukin-3 (IL-3) mRNA expression and cytokine ...
Complement Opsonization of HIV-1 Enhances Endocytic Lectin and Integrin Receptor
Complement Opsonization of HIV-1 Enhances Endocytic Lectin and Integrin Receptor

... Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: [email protected] . These authors contributed equally to this work. ...
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

... including a gene of SEQ ID NO. 1 �3. A host cell transformed to a recombinant vector including a gene of SEQ ID NO. 1 [note] This case is recognized only when the description is sufficiently supported by the detailed description of the ...
Toward a Universal Influenza Vaccine
Toward a Universal Influenza Vaccine

... threats without the need to generate new vaccines for each strain. Neutralizing Abs to the influenza virus hemagglutinin glycoprotein are effective at controlling influenza infection but generally target highly variable regions. Abs that can mediate other functions, such as killing influenza-infecte ...
The immune response to resistive breathing REVIEW
The immune response to resistive breathing REVIEW

... The stimulus for the upregulation of cytokine induction in response to resistive breathing is not known. Resistive breathing increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), both within the working respiratory muscles and in the extracellular and vascular compartments [23]. ROS are able to ...
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

... – Larger multi-center RCT’s to adequately power studies as mortality percentages fall – More refined definitions and consistent usage of the SIRSSepsis-MODS spectrum – A better understanding of what is common to all patients and what is associated with host variations (e.g., gene polymorphisms) ...
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

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small cell lung cancer

...  Lack of access to SCLC biospecimens to identify biomarkers and new therapeutic targets  Inefficient clinical trial enrollment processes and data sharing As a result, SCLC patients and their families are still waiting for innovative medical solutions that could dramatically improve and or save the ...
Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Metabolism and Its Role in the
Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Metabolism and Its Role in the

... Sphinx creature, to emphasize its enigmatic nature. Recently, the significance of phospholipids and their derivatives in regulating cell function has been appreciated. Initially described for their role as cellular building material or in metabolic processes [10], we now know that lipids can act as ...
Accurate pan-specific prediction of peptide-MHC class II
Accurate pan-specific prediction of peptide-MHC class II

... polymorphic residues in potential contact with a bound peptide (Nielsen et al. 2007a). We used the same pseudosequences of 34 residues for the MHC alpha and beta chains defined by Karosiene et al. (2013), resulting in additional 34× 20=680 inputs. As a result, the total size of the input layer amoun ...
View PDF - Cardiovascular Research
View PDF - Cardiovascular Research

... prove useful as anti-hypertensive drugs in IL-17-associated auto-immune diseases. ...
O MHC - Fernando Pessoa University
O MHC - Fernando Pessoa University

... Population threatened with extinction ...


... Our data indicate that the frequency of FcγRIIa-R/R131 genotype was significantly higher in Sudanese patients with severe malaria when compared to patients with mild malaria, while the FcγRIIa-H/H131 genotype showed a significant association with mild malaria. The levels of IgG1 and IgG3 subclass an ...
Heat Shock Proteins-an
Heat Shock Proteins-an

... 1989). Although, these experiments were the first indication that HSP could be released by an active mechanism, the exact mechanism of release was not yet addressed. Further studies by Guzhova and colleagues demonstrated that Hsp70 is released by glia cells in the absence of necrotic cell death (Guz ...
BEBPA 2015 Nab Conference Brochure
BEBPA 2015 Nab Conference Brochure

... human, carry unique stretches of amino acids, which form the antigenbinding site and determine their specificity. These sequences are frequently seen as foreign by the immune system of the patient and induce the formation of ADA. By forming a complex with the drug, ADA can neutralize drug activity, ...
Preeclampsia and the Systemic Inflammatory Response
Preeclampsia and the Systemic Inflammatory Response

... syncytiotrophoblast layer, expresses no known polymorphic major histocompatibility (HLA) antigens. Histocompatibility antigens are the targets for immune rejection that are executed by cytotoxic T cells. However, because the placental hemochorial surface is a syncytium, it is unclear how it could be ...
Steht die Psyche unter Druck, leiden die Haare – eine
Steht die Psyche unter Druck, leiden die Haare – eine

... epithelium of organ-cultured anagen hair bulbs, likely via interferon regulatory factor-1, along with up-regulation of the MHC class I pathway molecules beta(2)microglobulin and transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP-2). In the first report to identify natural immunomodulators capable o ...
Cancer Vaccine Therapies: Failures and Future Opportunities
Cancer Vaccine Therapies: Failures and Future Opportunities

... new all-time high of $140 with a market capitalization above $3.3 billion (see Appendix D: Idec Pharmaceuticals - Anatomy of a Success). Worldwide net sales of Rituxan® reached $1.5 billion in 2002 and the following summer IDEC Pharmaceuticals acquired Biogen, Inc. in a stock transaction valued at a ...
Psoriasis - New England Journal of Medicine
Psoriasis - New England Journal of Medicine

... epithelial and mesenchymal cells. This disease vividly highlights the pathogenic importance of T cells and simultaneously illustrates how advances in our understanding of molecular immune mechanisms can be translated into innovative therapies. Although many factors that contribute to the generation ...
Immunogenicity - Biologics and Biosimilars
Immunogenicity - Biologics and Biosimilars

... Neutralizing Abs are typically not done in non-human primates but is considered in a case by case basis and depends upon a variety of factors that include: Type of drug and MOA ...
Inhibition of host innate immune responses and pathogenicity of
Inhibition of host innate immune responses and pathogenicity of

Fc lessons from murine mercury-induced autoimmunity. -receptors in systemic autoimmune conditions -
Fc lessons from murine mercury-induced autoimmunity. -receptors in systemic autoimmune conditions -

... humorally mediated immune response compared to males [8, 9]. The concept that sex hormones alone could explain the dominance of autoimmunity found in females is however an oversimplification [10]. The role of X-chromosome linked autoimmune-related loci [11] and X-chromosome dosage, including differe ...
Cancer Growth and Metastasis curcuma contra cancer? curcumin
Cancer Growth and Metastasis curcuma contra cancer? curcumin

... The NFKB pathway is often deregulated in cancer cells. One example is Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL), one of the most frequent lymphomas in Western countries.128 The etiology of HL is unclear, but immunological and molecular properties suggest that in most cases HL cells are derived from B cells.129–131 HL ...
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Immunomics

Immunomics is the study of immune system regulation and response to pathogens using genome-wide approaches. With the rise of genomic and proteomic technologies, scientists have been able to visualize biological networks and infer interrelationships between genes and/or proteins; recently, these technologies have been used to help better understand how the immune system functions and how it is regulated. Two thirds of the genome is active in one or more immune cell types and less than 1% of genes are uniquely expressed in a given type of cell. Therefore, it is critical that the expression patterns of these immune cell types be deciphered in the context of a network, and not as an individual, so that their roles be correctly characterized and related to one another. Defects of the immune system such as autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency, and malignancies can benefit from genomic insights on pathological processes. For example, analyzing the systematic variation of gene expression can relate these patterns with specific diseases and gene networks important for immune functions.Traditionally, scientists studying the immune system have had to search for antigens on an individual basis and identify the protein sequence of these antigens (“epitopes”) that would stimulate an immune response. This procedure required that antigens be isolated from whole cells, digested into smaller fragments, and tested against T- and B-cells to observe T- and B- cell responses. These classical approaches could only visualize this system as a static condition and required a large amount of time and labor.Immunomics has made this approach easier by its ability to look at the immune system as a whole and characterize it as a dynamic model. It has revealed that some of the immune system’s most distinguishing features are the continuous motility, turnover, and plasticity of its constituent cells. In addition, current genomic technologies, like microarrays, can capture immune system gene expression over time and can trace interactions of microorganisms with cells of the innate immune system. New, proteomic approaches, including T-cell and B-cells-epitope mapping, can also accelerate the pace at which scientists discover antibody-antigen relationships.
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