CEACAM1 mediates B cell aggregation in central
... in MS patients and a B cell-dependent mouse model of MS. CEACAM1 expression was increased on peripheral blood B cells and CEACAM1+ B cells were present in brain infiltrates of MS patients. Administration of the anti-CEACAM1 antibody T84.1 was efficient in blocking aggregation of B cells derived from ...
... in MS patients and a B cell-dependent mouse model of MS. CEACAM1 expression was increased on peripheral blood B cells and CEACAM1+ B cells were present in brain infiltrates of MS patients. Administration of the anti-CEACAM1 antibody T84.1 was efficient in blocking aggregation of B cells derived from ...
Chronic Inflammation
... cells of bone marrow origin, including blood monocytes, and tissue macrophages. The latter are diffusely scattered in the connective tissue or clustered in organs such as the liver (Kupffer’s cells), spleen and lymph nodes (sinus histiocytes), and lungs (alveolar macrophages). ...
... cells of bone marrow origin, including blood monocytes, and tissue macrophages. The latter are diffusely scattered in the connective tissue or clustered in organs such as the liver (Kupffer’s cells), spleen and lymph nodes (sinus histiocytes), and lungs (alveolar macrophages). ...
NAD+-Consuming Enzymes in the Regulation of Lung Immune
... provide protection against exogenous pathogen antigens, as well as dysfunctional or aberrant endogenous antigens such as cancer cells. Immune cells can have highly lethal effects on their targets, which allows rapid and efficient clearance of undesired antigens, cells and microorganisms. However, if ...
... provide protection against exogenous pathogen antigens, as well as dysfunctional or aberrant endogenous antigens such as cancer cells. Immune cells can have highly lethal effects on their targets, which allows rapid and efficient clearance of undesired antigens, cells and microorganisms. However, if ...
Complexity miniproject proposal
... diverse universe of proteins (antigens) that could be deleterious for the host. An important feature of the immune system is the ability to distinguish harmless self-antigens from those derived from foreign organisms such as viruses. Hence, immune recognition must be highly specific in order to avoi ...
... diverse universe of proteins (antigens) that could be deleterious for the host. An important feature of the immune system is the ability to distinguish harmless self-antigens from those derived from foreign organisms such as viruses. Hence, immune recognition must be highly specific in order to avoi ...
Silencing of SOCS1 in macrophages suppresses tumor
... Enhanced IFNγ and LPS signaling in SOCS1-cKO mice. SOCS1 knockout (–/–) mice die within 3 weeks with severe inflammation in almost all organs.(15,16) Thus, the consequence of SOCS1deficiency in myeloid lineages was investigated by breeding SOCS1lox/lox mice with SOCS1-flox/flox and LysM-cre mice whi ...
... Enhanced IFNγ and LPS signaling in SOCS1-cKO mice. SOCS1 knockout (–/–) mice die within 3 weeks with severe inflammation in almost all organs.(15,16) Thus, the consequence of SOCS1deficiency in myeloid lineages was investigated by breeding SOCS1lox/lox mice with SOCS1-flox/flox and LysM-cre mice whi ...
Initiation of HAART during acute simian immunodeficiency virus
... the CSF (1,726,000 versus 38,400 copy eq./day; slope ranges, −0.36 to −0.92 and −0.17 to −0.73, respectively). At least two factors may be responsible for the difference in the rate of decline. First, viral RNA in plasma at its peak (7 days p.i.) was 100-fold higher in plasma than in CSF. As a resul ...
... the CSF (1,726,000 versus 38,400 copy eq./day; slope ranges, −0.36 to −0.92 and −0.17 to −0.73, respectively). At least two factors may be responsible for the difference in the rate of decline. First, viral RNA in plasma at its peak (7 days p.i.) was 100-fold higher in plasma than in CSF. As a resul ...
Immune responses to human papilloma viruses
... that generates both lethal effector responses of exquisite specificity for, and long lived-cells with, memory for the insult. Thus, the adaptive responses of antibody mediated humoral immunity clear free virus particles from body fluids and can prevent re-infection by virus, those of cell mediated i ...
... that generates both lethal effector responses of exquisite specificity for, and long lived-cells with, memory for the insult. Thus, the adaptive responses of antibody mediated humoral immunity clear free virus particles from body fluids and can prevent re-infection by virus, those of cell mediated i ...
Unconventional T Cell Pleiotropy T Cells
... microbial metabolite, (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate (HMB-PP), expanding to up to 50% of CD3ⴙ cells. This “transitional response,” occurring temporally between the rapid innate and slower adaptive response, is widely viewed as proinflammatory and/or cytolytic. However, increasing ev ...
... microbial metabolite, (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate (HMB-PP), expanding to up to 50% of CD3ⴙ cells. This “transitional response,” occurring temporally between the rapid innate and slower adaptive response, is widely viewed as proinflammatory and/or cytolytic. However, increasing ev ...
Commensal-Specific CD4+ Cells From Patients
... been found to support the existence of a T-cell response toward bacterial antigens in CD patients.16 It generally is accepted that T cells, and more specifically CD4þ T cells, play a pathogenic role in CD because they heavily infiltrate involved areas of the intestinal mucosa and extensive data from e ...
... been found to support the existence of a T-cell response toward bacterial antigens in CD patients.16 It generally is accepted that T cells, and more specifically CD4þ T cells, play a pathogenic role in CD because they heavily infiltrate involved areas of the intestinal mucosa and extensive data from e ...
Physiology Ch. 35 p445-450 [4-25
... cause renal vasoconstriction 2. Loss of circulating RBC along with toxic substances from hemolyzed cells cause circulatory shock, arterial BP falls low and renal blood flow/urine outpu decreases 3. If total free hemoglobin released is greater than quantity that can bind to haptoglobin, much of the e ...
... cause renal vasoconstriction 2. Loss of circulating RBC along with toxic substances from hemolyzed cells cause circulatory shock, arterial BP falls low and renal blood flow/urine outpu decreases 3. If total free hemoglobin released is greater than quantity that can bind to haptoglobin, much of the e ...
CD1 and lipid antigens
... by autoreactive T cells expressing different non-Vα14+ TCRs. This implies that two categories of antigen can be presented by CD1d: those that are restricted to endosomes; and those that are found outside the endosomes, possibly in the secretory pathway (see summary in Figure 2). ...
... by autoreactive T cells expressing different non-Vα14+ TCRs. This implies that two categories of antigen can be presented by CD1d: those that are restricted to endosomes; and those that are found outside the endosomes, possibly in the secretory pathway (see summary in Figure 2). ...
Signaling pathways implicated in the cellular innate immune
... accompanying non-self recognition. What is known is that PO-mediated melanization responses must be localized, target-specific and very tightly regulated processes in order to prevent fatal systemic activation in the open circulatory system of an insect. ...
... accompanying non-self recognition. What is known is that PO-mediated melanization responses must be localized, target-specific and very tightly regulated processes in order to prevent fatal systemic activation in the open circulatory system of an insect. ...
Cell Quiz Review
... About how many percent of all leukocytes are lymphocytes? The most important cells of the immune system are How many types of lymphocytes are there? What is the function of the two types of lymphocytes? Both types of lymphocytes can only act against What are two main classes of lymphocyte? B cells o ...
... About how many percent of all leukocytes are lymphocytes? The most important cells of the immune system are How many types of lymphocytes are there? What is the function of the two types of lymphocytes? Both types of lymphocytes can only act against What are two main classes of lymphocyte? B cells o ...
Supplemental Information Supplementary Materials and Methods
... MFI value of the relevant isotype control from the raw MFI value for each sample. Briefly, BM was isolated, depleted of Lineage positive cells using biotinylated antibodies against Gr-1, NK1.1, CD3, CD8, Ter119 and IgM and immunomagnetic negative selection (StemCell Technologies) (similar to protoco ...
... MFI value of the relevant isotype control from the raw MFI value for each sample. Briefly, BM was isolated, depleted of Lineage positive cells using biotinylated antibodies against Gr-1, NK1.1, CD3, CD8, Ter119 and IgM and immunomagnetic negative selection (StemCell Technologies) (similar to protoco ...
Memory CD8 - The Journal of Immunology
... are means and SEs based on three mice per group; differences between anti-CD4 treated and control mice were not significant in any instance. ...
... are means and SEs based on three mice per group; differences between anti-CD4 treated and control mice were not significant in any instance. ...
traumeric - Ortho Molecular Products
... a cascade triggered to protect the body and maintain normal tissue repair. This physiological response is part of the innate immune system, a first line of defense comprising the cells and mechanisms that defend against unwanted organisms in a non-specific manner. The inflammatory cascade is mediate ...
... a cascade triggered to protect the body and maintain normal tissue repair. This physiological response is part of the innate immune system, a first line of defense comprising the cells and mechanisms that defend against unwanted organisms in a non-specific manner. The inflammatory cascade is mediate ...
Antigen-non-specific regulation centered on CD25+Foxp3+
... maintenance of adaptive immune responses, but the antigen-non-specific interactions among T-cell subsets may be more important during the establishment of the adaptive immune system to a newly encountered antigen. This is especially important when new and memory antigens are presented closely—both t ...
... maintenance of adaptive immune responses, but the antigen-non-specific interactions among T-cell subsets may be more important during the establishment of the adaptive immune system to a newly encountered antigen. This is especially important when new and memory antigens are presented closely—both t ...
Review of Immunology in Allergic Disease
... impairment of function. Examples include transfusion reactions, hemolytic anemias, hyperacute graft rejection Myasthenia Gravis and Goodpasture’s syndrome. Type III: Immune complex mediated occurs when IgG or IgM binds with antigens, and the complexes are deposited in tissues, especially small vesse ...
... impairment of function. Examples include transfusion reactions, hemolytic anemias, hyperacute graft rejection Myasthenia Gravis and Goodpasture’s syndrome. Type III: Immune complex mediated occurs when IgG or IgM binds with antigens, and the complexes are deposited in tissues, especially small vesse ...
Micro Chapter 31 [4-20
... The virion has structural stuff used to survive in the environment, and bind to host cells The virion also has the viral genome inside the structural stuff, and often has enzymes for the first steps in virus replication The viral nucleic acid is surrounded by a capsid, which is a single or double la ...
... The virion has structural stuff used to survive in the environment, and bind to host cells The virion also has the viral genome inside the structural stuff, and often has enzymes for the first steps in virus replication The viral nucleic acid is surrounded by a capsid, which is a single or double la ...
et al - Sift Desk
... Effector Triggered Immunity (ETI) Virulent pathogens deploy effectors that interfere with PTI (Jones & Dangl, 2006). Direct or indirect effector recognition by R-proteins, usually nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) proteins, initiates Effector Triggered Immunity (ETI) in biotrophs ...
... Effector Triggered Immunity (ETI) Virulent pathogens deploy effectors that interfere with PTI (Jones & Dangl, 2006). Direct or indirect effector recognition by R-proteins, usually nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) proteins, initiates Effector Triggered Immunity (ETI) in biotrophs ...
Recognition of Antigens
... immunity when injected into experimental animals, and that protection could be transferred to other susceptible animals by injecting serum from their immune counterparts ...
... immunity when injected into experimental animals, and that protection could be transferred to other susceptible animals by injecting serum from their immune counterparts ...
Innate immune system
The innate immune system, also known as the nonspecific immune system, is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises the cells and mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. The cells of the innate system recognize and respond to pathogens in a generic way, but, unlike the adaptive immune system (which is found only in vertebrates), it does not confer long-lasting or protective immunity to the host. Innate immune systems provide immediate defense against infection, and are found in all classes of plant and animal life. They include both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.The innate immune system is an evolutionarily older defense strategy, and is the dominant immune system found in plants, fungi, insects, and primitive multicellular organisms.The major functions of the vertebrate innate immune system include: Recruiting immune cells to sites of infection, through the production of chemical factors, including specialized chemical mediators, called cytokines Activation of the complement cascade to identify bacteria, activate cells, and promote clearance of antibody complexes or dead cells The identification and removal of foreign substances present in organs, tissues, the blood and lymph, by specialised white blood cells Activation of the adaptive immune system through a process known as antigen presentation Acting as a physical and chemical barrier to infectious agents.↑ ↑ ↑