Lecture 31 Emerging viruses - University of Maryland
... • SARS is a type of viral pneumonia • Symptoms include fever, dry cough, dyspnea (shortness of breath), headache, and hypoxaemia (low blood oxygen concentration). • Typical laboratory findings include lymphopaenia (reduced lymphocyte numbers) and mildly elevated aminotransferase levels (indicating l ...
... • SARS is a type of viral pneumonia • Symptoms include fever, dry cough, dyspnea (shortness of breath), headache, and hypoxaemia (low blood oxygen concentration). • Typical laboratory findings include lymphopaenia (reduced lymphocyte numbers) and mildly elevated aminotransferase levels (indicating l ...
Budnick slides
... surgical mask in areas where patients or residents may be present. • These settings include hospitals, nursing homes, diagnostic and treatment centers, home care agencies and hospices. • HCFs must report the number of personnel who have been vaccinated and supervise unvaccinated staff to ensure the ...
... surgical mask in areas where patients or residents may be present. • These settings include hospitals, nursing homes, diagnostic and treatment centers, home care agencies and hospices. • HCFs must report the number of personnel who have been vaccinated and supervise unvaccinated staff to ensure the ...
Flu Facts
... Complications of flu can include bacterial pneumonia, ear infections, sinus infections, dehydration, and worsening of chronic medical conditions, such as congestive heart failure, asthma, or diabetes. How Flu Spreads Flu viruses spread mainly from person to person through the coughing or sneezing of ...
... Complications of flu can include bacterial pneumonia, ear infections, sinus infections, dehydration, and worsening of chronic medical conditions, such as congestive heart failure, asthma, or diabetes. How Flu Spreads Flu viruses spread mainly from person to person through the coughing or sneezing of ...
Estimation of the reproductive number of the Spanish flu
... infections, hospital refusals [1]). Hospitalized individuals (reported) either recover or die from influenza. The mortality rates were adjusted according to the case fatality proportion. 2.2. Demographic and epidemic data The 1917 census reports that the population size of the Canton of Geneva in 19 ...
... infections, hospital refusals [1]). Hospitalized individuals (reported) either recover or die from influenza. The mortality rates were adjusted according to the case fatality proportion. 2.2. Demographic and epidemic data The 1917 census reports that the population size of the Canton of Geneva in 19 ...
Summary of findings
... Influenza Testing Although most respondents (71%) indicated that their practice performed on-site influenza testing, a sizable minority (28%; n=31) did not perform such testing. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported similar findings in a recent study of primary care providers from ...
... Influenza Testing Although most respondents (71%) indicated that their practice performed on-site influenza testing, a sizable minority (28%; n=31) did not perform such testing. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported similar findings in a recent study of primary care providers from ...
Original article A comprehensive surveillance of adamantane
... adamantane-resistant virus was maintained at 100% for 4 years since 2006 in mainland China. The increasing rate of drug-resistant H3N2 viruses is much greater than that of H1N1 viruses. One possible explanation is that the H3N2 viruses were predominant in most seasons between 2003 and 2008 in China, ...
... adamantane-resistant virus was maintained at 100% for 4 years since 2006 in mainland China. The increasing rate of drug-resistant H3N2 viruses is much greater than that of H1N1 viruses. One possible explanation is that the H3N2 viruses were predominant in most seasons between 2003 and 2008 in China, ...
Comparative Genomics Analysis to Identify Genetic - GCID
... 8 RNA segments encode 12 proteins Classified based on HA/NA serology ...
... 8 RNA segments encode 12 proteins Classified based on HA/NA serology ...
Microbiotix has developed a pipeline of novel anti
... Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infections is the primary cause of hospitalisation in the first year of life for children in most parts of the world, and nearly 100% of children in the USA are infected with the virus by 2 to 3 years of age. The two viral envelope proteins include the fusion (F) pr ...
... Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infections is the primary cause of hospitalisation in the first year of life for children in most parts of the world, and nearly 100% of children in the USA are infected with the virus by 2 to 3 years of age. The two viral envelope proteins include the fusion (F) pr ...
Colds_flu_and_other_respiratory_infections_in_the_home
... well as severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia. hMPV infections are thought to occur mostly during winter. The number of people that suffer from hMPV each year is still to be determined. Infection occurs in infants and young children but hMPV has been found in older children and adults suggesting re-inf ...
... well as severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia. hMPV infections are thought to occur mostly during winter. The number of people that suffer from hMPV each year is still to be determined. Infection occurs in infants and young children but hMPV has been found in older children and adults suggesting re-inf ...
4.16 Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases - Mid
... infection of the lungs. The air sacs in the lungs become inflamed with pus and other liquid, making it difficult for oxygen to reach the blood. (NOTE: Pneumonia is not always associated with influenza. It can have over 30 different causes including various chemicals, bacteria, other viruses, mycopla ...
... infection of the lungs. The air sacs in the lungs become inflamed with pus and other liquid, making it difficult for oxygen to reach the blood. (NOTE: Pneumonia is not always associated with influenza. It can have over 30 different causes including various chemicals, bacteria, other viruses, mycopla ...
Cutaneous - Eurosurveillance
... were in male patients, 100 (52%) in female patients, and for one case information on the patient’s sex was not known. The mean age was 49 years. The median age was 53 years (range 0-96). The age group 70-79 years was most affected, with 33 cases (17%). There were 147 cases of systemic disease (76% o ...
... were in male patients, 100 (52%) in female patients, and for one case information on the patient’s sex was not known. The mean age was 49 years. The median age was 53 years (range 0-96). The age group 70-79 years was most affected, with 33 cases (17%). There were 147 cases of systemic disease (76% o ...
Influenza A/H5 - Global Marketing Services
... Special Precautions on Specimen collection & preparation ...
... Special Precautions on Specimen collection & preparation ...
efek penambahan bakteri probiotik dalam susu
... Older individuals are much more susceptible to infections (34) including the fact that the severity and mortality caused by the pathogens invading mucosal surfaces such as influenza virus are significantly increased in humans of advanced age (35). To date, there are three types of influenza viruses ...
... Older individuals are much more susceptible to infections (34) including the fact that the severity and mortality caused by the pathogens invading mucosal surfaces such as influenza virus are significantly increased in humans of advanced age (35). To date, there are three types of influenza viruses ...
Emerging and re-emerging infections
... The virus then spread to poultry. Man is infected through close contact with infected poultry and thus far, man to man transmission is extremely rare. Nonetheless there is the theoretical possibility that if a suitable host like the pig, is co-infected with both human and avian influenza viruses, ex ...
... The virus then spread to poultry. Man is infected through close contact with infected poultry and thus far, man to man transmission is extremely rare. Nonetheless there is the theoretical possibility that if a suitable host like the pig, is co-infected with both human and avian influenza viruses, ex ...
Interim Guidance on the Management of Close Contacts of Persons
... Follow-up of Close Contacts of an avian influenza A (H7N9) Case 1. Public health will identify and monitor all close contacts of confirmed cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus (see ECDC case definition) for new illness as soon as possible. HCW contacts will be identified and followed up by occupa ...
... Follow-up of Close Contacts of an avian influenza A (H7N9) Case 1. Public health will identify and monitor all close contacts of confirmed cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus (see ECDC case definition) for new illness as soon as possible. HCW contacts will be identified and followed up by occupa ...
5. Communicable disease surveillance and response
... Region continues to face a pandemic risk arising from highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1). Over the past year, outbreaks of avian influenza in animals and human infections of the virus continued to be reported in the Region. In the first six months of 2008, a total of eight human A(H5N1) cases ...
... Region continues to face a pandemic risk arising from highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1). Over the past year, outbreaks of avian influenza in animals and human infections of the virus continued to be reported in the Region. In the first six months of 2008, a total of eight human A(H5N1) cases ...
Influenza Clinical Research Solutions
... Studying influenza poses unique challenges for our pharmaceutical clients, including: timing the clinical studies to align with the seasonality of the disease, finding the right patient population and managing costs throughout the development process. SGS offers comprehensive clinical trial solution ...
... Studying influenza poses unique challenges for our pharmaceutical clients, including: timing the clinical studies to align with the seasonality of the disease, finding the right patient population and managing costs throughout the development process. SGS offers comprehensive clinical trial solution ...
Powerpoint - Dinman, Jonathan D.
... – Others transcytose through M cells into underlying basal membranes and extracellular space. e.g. Reoviruses – From there, can go to ...
... – Others transcytose through M cells into underlying basal membranes and extracellular space. e.g. Reoviruses – From there, can go to ...
The pathogenesis of influenza virus infections: the contributions of
... The immune system protects the host from infection with influenza virus. Therefore, the pathogenesis of influenza virus depends on the function of the immune system. When IAV infect respiratory epithelial cells or alveolar macrophages, the single-stranded RNA of the influenza virus is recognized by ...
... The immune system protects the host from infection with influenza virus. Therefore, the pathogenesis of influenza virus depends on the function of the immune system. When IAV infect respiratory epithelial cells or alveolar macrophages, the single-stranded RNA of the influenza virus is recognized by ...
Flu Facts
... Complications of flu can include bacterial pneumonia, ear infections, sinus infections, dehydration, and worsening of chronic medical conditions, such as congestive heart failure, asthma, or diabetes. How Flu Spreads Flu viruses spread mainly from person to person through the coughing or sneezing of ...
... Complications of flu can include bacterial pneumonia, ear infections, sinus infections, dehydration, and worsening of chronic medical conditions, such as congestive heart failure, asthma, or diabetes. How Flu Spreads Flu viruses spread mainly from person to person through the coughing or sneezing of ...
Anthrax
... How is avian flu spread between birds? Avian influenza is mainly spread by direct contact between infected birds and healthy birds. It can also be transmitted when birds come in contact with equipment or materials (including water and feed) that have been contaminated with feces or secretions fro ...
... How is avian flu spread between birds? Avian influenza is mainly spread by direct contact between infected birds and healthy birds. It can also be transmitted when birds come in contact with equipment or materials (including water and feed) that have been contaminated with feces or secretions fro ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿
... Antibody prevents reinfection by same strain of Influenza Antigenic drift of viral HA requires re-vaccination for newly emergent or reemerging strains Serum antibody not required for recovery after infection CTL's may play a role in responses after infection ...
... Antibody prevents reinfection by same strain of Influenza Antigenic drift of viral HA requires re-vaccination for newly emergent or reemerging strains Serum antibody not required for recovery after infection CTL's may play a role in responses after infection ...
Influenza
Influenza, commonly known as ""the flu"", is an infectious disease caused by the influenza virus. Symptoms can be mild to severe. The most common symptoms include: a high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, and feeling tired. These symptoms typically begin two days after exposure to the virus and most last less than a week. The cough, however, may last for more than two weeks. In children there may be nausea and vomiting but these are not common in adults. Nausea and vomiting occur more commonly in the unrelated infection gastroenteritis, which is sometimes inaccurately referred to as ""stomach flu"" or ""24-hour flu"". Complications of influenza may include viral pneumonia, secondary bacterial pneumonia, sinus infections, and worsening of previous health problems such as asthma or heart failure.Three types of influenza affect people. Usually, the virus is spread through the air from coughs or sneezes. This is believed to occur mostly over relatively short distances. It can also be spread by touching surfaces contaminated by the virus and then touching the mouth or eyes. A person may be infectious to others both before and during the time they are sick. The infection may be confirmed by testing the throat, sputum, or nose for the virus. A number of rapid tests are available; however, people may still have the infection if the results are negative. A type of polymerase chain reaction that detects the virus's RNA is more accurate.Frequent hand washing reduces the risk of infection because the virus is inactivated by soap. Wearing a surgical mask is also useful. Yearly vaccinations against influenza are recommended by the World Health Organization for those at high risk. The vaccine is usually effective against three or four types of influenza. It is usually well tolerated. A vaccine made for one year may not be useful in the following year, since the virus evolves rapidly. Antiviral drugs such as the neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir among others have been used to treat influenza. Their benefits in those who are otherwise healthy do not appear to be greater than their risks. No benefit has been found in those with other health problems.Influenza spreads around the world in a yearly outbreak, resulting in about three to five million cases of severe illness and about 250,000 to 500,000 deaths. In the Northern and Southern parts of the world outbreaks occur mainly in winter while in areas around the equator outbreaks may occur at any time of the year. Death occurs mostly in the young, the old and those with other health problems. Larger outbreaks known as pandemics are less frequent. In the 20th century three influenza pandemics occurred: Spanish influenza in 1918, Asian influenza in 1958, and Hong Kong influenza in 1968, each resulting in more than a million deaths. The World Health Organization declared an outbreak of a new type of influenza A/H1N1 to be a pandemic in June 2009. Influenza may also affect other animals, including pigs, horses and birds.