HPSG, SBCG, and FCG - German Grammar Group FU Berlin
... interact with the dative passive and hence should be treated as arguments. So, for the resultative construction one would need an active variant, a passive variant, a variant with dative argument, a variant with dative argument and dative passive, and a middle variant. While it is technically possi ...
... interact with the dative passive and hence should be treated as arguments. So, for the resultative construction one would need an active variant, a passive variant, a variant with dative argument, a variant with dative argument and dative passive, and a middle variant. While it is technically possi ...
Unifying everything: Some remarks on simpler syntax, construction
... have to mention two unrelated structures, and it is unclear how the commonalities between the structures—that is, the dependency between the involved items—can be captured. Generalized phrase structure grammar-like metarules (GPSG; Gazdar et al. 1985) or transformations seem to be the only way out. ...
... have to mention two unrelated structures, and it is unclear how the commonalities between the structures—that is, the dependency between the involved items—can be captured. Generalized phrase structure grammar-like metarules (GPSG; Gazdar et al. 1985) or transformations seem to be the only way out. ...
The (re-)emergence of representationalism in semantics Ruth Kempson
... model-theoretic semantics for the expressions of the language take the denotation of terminal expressions as a primitive, without explanation: all that it provides is a formal way of expressing compositionality for the language, given an assumption of a stipulated language-denotation relation for th ...
... model-theoretic semantics for the expressions of the language take the denotation of terminal expressions as a primitive, without explanation: all that it provides is a formal way of expressing compositionality for the language, given an assumption of a stipulated language-denotation relation for th ...
document
... Example of Grammar Rule My cousin enjoys her job. She is a counselor at a summer camp. She teaches crafts during the day. She sleeps in a cabin with the ten-year-olds. She says that some of them are homesick at first. They usually get over it after a couple of days. CHANGE TO: My cousin enjoys her j ...
... Example of Grammar Rule My cousin enjoys her job. She is a counselor at a summer camp. She teaches crafts during the day. She sleeps in a cabin with the ten-year-olds. She says that some of them are homesick at first. They usually get over it after a couple of days. CHANGE TO: My cousin enjoys her j ...
PowerPoint Presentation - META-Net
... What are MWEs? • sequence of words that has lexical, orthographic, phonological, morphological, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic or translational properties not predictable from the individual components or their normal mode of combination ...
... What are MWEs? • sequence of words that has lexical, orthographic, phonological, morphological, syntactic, semantic, pragmatic or translational properties not predictable from the individual components or their normal mode of combination ...
Syntax 319 Jurafsky D and Martin JH (2000) Speech and Language
... scopally ambiguous. However, in other languages, such as Hungarian and Japanese, the scope of quantificational NPs is often fixed by surface word order. Some student answered every question correctly: some > every: a single student got all the questions correct every > some: for each question, there ...
... scopally ambiguous. However, in other languages, such as Hungarian and Japanese, the scope of quantificational NPs is often fixed by surface word order. Some student answered every question correctly: some > every: a single student got all the questions correct every > some: for each question, there ...
Paper Title (use style: paper title)
... (rule 16, here denotes the empty terminal symbol). This rule serves to deal with complex harmonic phenomena which may not be analyseable otherwise. However, it is not unproblematic since it may result in the grammar not being expressible as context-free grammar any more. Therefore, it might be rep ...
... (rule 16, here denotes the empty terminal symbol). This rule serves to deal with complex harmonic phenomena which may not be analyseable otherwise. However, it is not unproblematic since it may result in the grammar not being expressible as context-free grammar any more. Therefore, it might be rep ...
General Tone
... appropriate in formal writing. ▪ Avoid local or dialectal expressions, e.g. “just barely,” “speak of,” “oftentimes” ▪ Use the correct preposition, e.g. “connect with,” “different from” ▪ Do not use “big words” if you do not know what they mean (so as not to make ...
... appropriate in formal writing. ▪ Avoid local or dialectal expressions, e.g. “just barely,” “speak of,” “oftentimes” ▪ Use the correct preposition, e.g. “connect with,” “different from” ▪ Do not use “big words” if you do not know what they mean (so as not to make ...
Chapter 24 - 서울대 : Biointelligence lab
... At the conclusion of parsing, the formula associated with the nonterminal symbol S is then taken to be the meaning of the string. With these associations, the grammar is called an augmented phrase-structure grammar, and the parsing process accomplishes what is called a semantic analysis. (C) 2000, 2 ...
... At the conclusion of parsing, the formula associated with the nonterminal symbol S is then taken to be the meaning of the string. With these associations, the grammar is called an augmented phrase-structure grammar, and the parsing process accomplishes what is called a semantic analysis. (C) 2000, 2 ...
Chapter 9 Parsing Strategies
... the construction of a parse tree. For instance, when parsing bottom-up and depth-first, these strategies do not say which word in the input string we should start with. We could start with the first, but this is only one possibility. When parsing top-down, any of the possible constituents of the pre ...
... the construction of a parse tree. For instance, when parsing bottom-up and depth-first, these strategies do not say which word in the input string we should start with. We could start with the first, but this is only one possibility. When parsing top-down, any of the possible constituents of the pre ...
Chapter 2: Linguistic Background
... At first glance the most basic unit of linguistic structure appears to be the word. The word, though, is far from the fundamental element of study in linguistics; it is already the result of a complex set of more primitive parts. The study of morphology concerns the construction of words from more b ...
... At first glance the most basic unit of linguistic structure appears to be the word. The word, though, is far from the fundamental element of study in linguistics; it is already the result of a complex set of more primitive parts. The study of morphology concerns the construction of words from more b ...
![λP.[λQ. ∀x((P@x)→(Q@x))]@ λy.boxer(y)](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/001962689_1-f96308816286a46b0d33fa27c8a5daaf-300x300.png)
λP.[λQ. ∀x((P@x)→(Q@x))]@ λy.boxer(y)
... contributes the 2-place relation symbol like. • A simple observation, but it leads to an important generalization: meaning ultimately flows from the lexicon. ...
... contributes the 2-place relation symbol like. • A simple observation, but it leads to an important generalization: meaning ultimately flows from the lexicon. ...
indian grammatical theory
... In a knowledge oriented society, the knowledge of language and its function has remained the area of concern through centuries. In such investigations, it has raised several issues which are still object of enquiry. The dominant issues are: (i) origin and development of language, (ii) language as a ...
... In a knowledge oriented society, the knowledge of language and its function has remained the area of concern through centuries. In such investigations, it has raised several issues which are still object of enquiry. The dominant issues are: (i) origin and development of language, (ii) language as a ...
1 Introduction to the classic competence vs. performance divide
... Since Chomsky’s (1957) seminal work, we think of a grammar as a formal device (G) providing an explicit description of all productive constraints (e.g. rewriting rules) that restrict the possible geometry of all the significant relations among words (or morphemes) and other (intended) syntagmatic ca ...
... Since Chomsky’s (1957) seminal work, we think of a grammar as a formal device (G) providing an explicit description of all productive constraints (e.g. rewriting rules) that restrict the possible geometry of all the significant relations among words (or morphemes) and other (intended) syntagmatic ca ...
Chapter 24 - 서울대 Biointelligence lab
... At the conclusion of parsing, the formula associated with the nonterminal symbol S is then taken to be the meaning of the string. With these associations, the grammar is called an augmented phrase-structure grammar, and the parsing process accomplishes what is called a semantic analysis. ...
... At the conclusion of parsing, the formula associated with the nonterminal symbol S is then taken to be the meaning of the string. With these associations, the grammar is called an augmented phrase-structure grammar, and the parsing process accomplishes what is called a semantic analysis. ...
C98-1061 - Association for Computational Linguistics
... (NT, T,P,H), where NT and T are a finite set of nonterminal and terminal symbols respectively; moreover N T n T = g . P is a finite set of pairs ot + + > [3 where aENT, [3E(1LgNT)* u {procedures calls}, and these pairs are called production rules. Finally H is a set o f production rules which only h ...
... (NT, T,P,H), where NT and T are a finite set of nonterminal and terminal symbols respectively; moreover N T n T = g . P is a finite set of pairs ot + + > [3 where aENT, [3E(1LgNT)* u {procedures calls}, and these pairs are called production rules. Finally H is a set o f production rules which only h ...
cisc882 Context Free
... • Formal languages: formal device to generate a set of strings (such as a CFG) • Linguistics (Chomskyan linguistics in particular): approach in which a linguistic theory enumerates all possible strings/structures in a language ...
... • Formal languages: formal device to generate a set of strings (such as a CFG) • Linguistics (Chomskyan linguistics in particular): approach in which a linguistic theory enumerates all possible strings/structures in a language ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... by names spelled with letters and numbers (e.g. F34, B93, A11 etc.). We do not know the reasons and discussions lying behind this fact, but we observe that there are many different notations (cf. [Ned02]) and that most of those we have encountered within our reach are very similar, not least in the ...
... by names spelled with letters and numbers (e.g. F34, B93, A11 etc.). We do not know the reasons and discussions lying behind this fact, but we observe that there are many different notations (cf. [Ned02]) and that most of those we have encountered within our reach are very similar, not least in the ...
Emergent Functional Grammar for Space
... Each lexical item is assigned a particular word class (for example adjective or adverb) which determines the possible grammatical functions of the item. For example, adjectives typically have an adjectival function but they may also have a predicative function or may even be coerced into a nominal f ...
... Each lexical item is assigned a particular word class (for example adjective or adverb) which determines the possible grammatical functions of the item. For example, adjectives typically have an adjectival function but they may also have a predicative function or may even be coerced into a nominal f ...
Computational properties of environment
... times and locations. Referents for other types of phrases may be expressed as tuples of entities and situations: one for each argument of the corresponding logical function’s input (with the presence or absence of the tuple representing the boolean output). For example, adjectives, prepositional phr ...
... times and locations. Referents for other types of phrases may be expressed as tuples of entities and situations: one for each argument of the corresponding logical function’s input (with the presence or absence of the tuple representing the boolean output). For example, adjectives, prepositional phr ...
PRINCIPLES AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DEDUCTIVE PARSING STUART M. SHIEBER, YVES SCHABES, AND
... Many of the ideas that we present are not new. Some have been presented before; others form part of the folk wisdom of the logic programming community. However, the present work is to our knowledge the first to make the ideas available explicitly in a single notation and with a clean implementation. ...
... Many of the ideas that we present are not new. Some have been presented before; others form part of the folk wisdom of the logic programming community. However, the present work is to our knowledge the first to make the ideas available explicitly in a single notation and with a clean implementation. ...
Year One English Curriculum
... Stories in familiar settings Grammar: Writing, leaving spaces between words; using capital letters for the names of people, places, days of the week, etc Stories with repeating patterns Grammar: Writing, leaving spaces between words; beginning to punctuate sentences using a capital letter and a full ...
... Stories in familiar settings Grammar: Writing, leaving spaces between words; using capital letters for the names of people, places, days of the week, etc Stories with repeating patterns Grammar: Writing, leaving spaces between words; beginning to punctuate sentences using a capital letter and a full ...
congram-nature-encyc
... 1.2 Declarative, mono-stratal representation A given sentence is licensed by the grammar if and only if there exists in the language a set of constructions which can be combined (or superimposed) to produce an accurate representation of the surface structure and semantics of that sentence. An ambigu ...
... 1.2 Declarative, mono-stratal representation A given sentence is licensed by the grammar if and only if there exists in the language a set of constructions which can be combined (or superimposed) to produce an accurate representation of the surface structure and semantics of that sentence. An ambigu ...
1 Representations for dominance/precedence structure
... with two or more derivations, then it is ambiguous; otherwise it is unambiguous. Definition 4: A grammar is infinitely ambiguous if for some sentences there are an infinite number of derivations; otherwise, it is finitely ambiguous. Example. The following grammar is infinitely ambiguous and cyclic. Start ...
... with two or more derivations, then it is ambiguous; otherwise it is unambiguous. Definition 4: A grammar is infinitely ambiguous if for some sentences there are an infinite number of derivations; otherwise, it is finitely ambiguous. Example. The following grammar is infinitely ambiguous and cyclic. Start ...
Transformational Generative Grammar for Various
... this sentence with an assertive-affirmative sentence. For example, the assertive-affirmative sentence я#* t , where the word t and ( both are nouns, has the same structure with above sentence, except that the noun t is not an IW, while the word ( is a IW and the se ...
... this sentence with an assertive-affirmative sentence. For example, the assertive-affirmative sentence я#* t , where the word t and ( both are nouns, has the same structure with above sentence, except that the noun t is not an IW, while the word ( is a IW and the se ...