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Working with Heroin and Other Opiates
Working with Heroin and Other Opiates

... Different plants will have compounds present in different quantities, and this will in turn mean that the strains can have markedly different effects, as will the method of use and the form in which the drug is consumed. Over years of breeding, some deliberate and some accidental, a large number of ...
Psychiatric illness following traumatic brain injury in
Psychiatric illness following traumatic brain injury in

... Psychiatric illnesses in the year prior to and 3 years following the reference date were ascertained using 3 separate indicators: presence of a psychiatric diagnosis, filling of a prescription for psychiatric medication, or utilization of psychiatric services. Presence of a psychiatric illness was r ...
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

... Delusional Disorder is characterized by at least 1 month of nonbizarre delusions without other active-phase symptoms of Schizophrenia. Brief Psychotic Disorder is a disorder that lasts more than 1 day and remits by 1 month. Shared Psychotic Disorder is characterized by the presence of a delusion in ...
Prenatal Factors in Schizophrenia
Prenatal Factors in Schizophrenia

... small, but significant, increase in risk for schizophrenia. For example, while bleeding in pregnancy raises risk an additional 69% above the 1% to 1.69%, an emergency C-section increases risk 300% and diabetes in pregnancy increases risk 700% (Cannon et al., 2002). However, even a sevenfold (700%) r ...
The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders
The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders

... and the special committee on classification, assembled comments of numerous psychiatrists in its member associations and gave most valuable advice during both the field trials and the finalization of the proposals. Other nongovernmental organizations in official and working relations with WHO, inclu ...
The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders
The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders

... For each disorder, a description is provided of the main clinical features, and also of any important but less specific associated features. "Diagnostic guidelines" are then provided in most cases, indicating the number and balance of symptoms usually required before a confident diagnosis can be mad ...
Atlas of Bipolar Disorders
Atlas of Bipolar Disorders

... affective disorder. A goal of this book, however, is to illustrate that bipolar disorders affect multiple neurological and body systems, creating disabilities, pain, and grief that cannot be explained in simple descriptive terms about a person’s moods and emotions. This illness has biological, socia ...
(g) Adult Bipolar Disorder
(g) Adult Bipolar Disorder

... • Cyclothymia – symptoms present >2 years and hypomania/depression has persisted for at least 1 year, and not more than 2 months have gone by without symptoms (and spouse has not tried to air mail patient to Siberia in their sleep) ...
- UM Students` Repository
- UM Students` Repository

... The prevalence of obsessive compulsive symptoms in the participants was 21.8% (N = 48) when YBOCS score cut off point of 8 and above were taken as clinically significant OCS. There were no significant difference in age, gender, race, marital status, education level, employment, family history of any ...
A New Model of Dissociative Identity Disorder
A New Model of Dissociative Identity Disorder

... DSM-IV does not mention that patients who have DID typically have subjective awareness of other personalities. Identity confusion Identity confusion is often reported in persons who have DID [3,8– 10,14,17,32–35]. Identity confusion is one of the five diagnostic symptoms of dissociation that the SCID ...
REVIEW ARTICLE Strategies used by psychotic individuals to cope
REVIEW ARTICLE Strategies used by psychotic individuals to cope

... This review includes previously published studies that were identified through PsycINFO (from 1967 to October 2008) and Medline searches (from 1950 to October 2008) using the terms ‘‘psychosis or schizophrenia or psychotic experiences’’ and ‘‘coping or stress, psychological.’’ Other articles were id ...
Catatonia: a critical review and therapeutic recommendations
Catatonia: a critical review and therapeutic recommendations

... in industrialized countries classic catatonic manifestations such as immobility or negativism have become less frequent, and catatonia often presents in other forms that require specialists with good clinical insight for correct diagnosis 36. Thus, it is believed that catatonia is not correctly reco ...
Pediatric-Onset Bipolar Disorder - Foundation for Excellence in
Pediatric-Onset Bipolar Disorder - Foundation for Excellence in

... ity may be greater in adolescents than in prepubertal chilonly two cases of type I disorder were identified (apparent dren, especially given information on family history and morbid risk < 0.2%). Although the reported risk for adolescent bipolar I disorder is low, this level of risk of conditions lo ...
Eugen Bleuler`s Dementia Praecox or the Group
Eugen Bleuler`s Dementia Praecox or the Group

... Schneider argued that certain types of psychotic symptoms (so-called first rank symptoms) were strongly associated with schizophrenia. From the DSM-III through the DSM-IV (and also in the ICD-9 and ICD-10), only one of these symptoms (auditory hallucinations (AH) commenting on one’s behavior or 2 or ...
Towards a Better Understanding of Caregiver Distress in First
Towards a Better Understanding of Caregiver Distress in First

... 1.  Family members report high levels of distress 2.  Associated with over-involvement, metacognitions and subjective appraisal of the caregiving situation 3.  Specific metacognitions seem to be directly related to distress and indirectly via unhelpful coping strategies, such as rumination, worry an ...
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders
Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders

... range. For example, there is a rarely seen childhood schizophrenia as well as a late-onset schizophrenia (referred to as LOS) that is diagnosed after age 45 and seen more often in women. The illness is diagnosed most frequently in the early twenties for men and late twenties for women. The progressi ...
Diagnosing Bipolar Disorder
Diagnosing Bipolar Disorder

... Mania is a complex mood state characterized by a rapid and major change in the individual’s usual behavior. Mania has a diverse clinical presentation; a con­stellation of symptoms, lasting for at least 1 week, is required for diagnosis. The range of symptoms in mania has been described by Goodwin an ...
a conceptual history of anxiety and depression - FGW-VU
a conceptual history of anxiety and depression - FGW-VU

... First of all, it should be realized that the generally accepted distinction between anxiety and depression is of comparatively recent vintage. The first non-phobic form of anxiety to take its place in the description of disease did so as recently as the middle of the 19th century. Flemming's Über Pr ...
Malingering of Psychiatric Disorders: A Review
Malingering of Psychiatric Disorders: A Review

... C) Criteria based DSM Concept: The DSM concept of malingering is in stark contrast to the other two models. It relies on specific objective criteria for its definition rather than theoretical constructs. Malingering is listed here as an additional condition that may be a focus of clinical attention. ...
Comorbidity of mental disorders and substance use: A brief guide for
Comorbidity of mental disorders and substance use: A brief guide for

... material in unaltered form only (retaining this notice) for your personal, non-commercial use or use within your organisation. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to ...
Comorbidity of mental disorders and substance use
Comorbidity of mental disorders and substance use

... material in unaltered form only (retaining this notice) for your personal, non-commercial use or use within your organisation. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to ...
Referral Form - Marion County Oregon
Referral Form - Marion County Oregon

... person's symptoms, history, and situation. At that point, the Team Lead may want to complete an initial assessment with the individual and/or family. EASA attempts to make sure that people are receiving the most appropriate treatment by doing a careful upfront screening and initial differential diag ...
Running Head: BIPOLAR DISORDER - People
Running Head: BIPOLAR DISORDER - People

... relays information between other parts of the limbic system and the cerebral cortex (Castle, 2003). It helps “link emotions to images, memory, and learning. Together the amygdala and hippocampus help you assess the environment, tap into your senses, and generate and encode emotions. A properly funct ...
RECOGNISING BIPOLAR DISORDERS IN PRIMARY CARE
RECOGNISING BIPOLAR DISORDERS IN PRIMARY CARE

... Bipolar Disorder typically starts in adolescence, with low mood, anxiety/depression, fatigue, mood swings, and/or irritability. These features may evolve over several years and at some point, an escalation to the first obvious (so called ‘index’) episode may occur. This is typically mania or hypoman ...
View PDF of Strengthening Families Together Handouts
View PDF of Strengthening Families Together Handouts

... different lengths of time for each person. Research shows that active family support can have an important impact on the recovery process. Specific issues to be dealt with in the recovery phase include helping the person and family make sense of the illness experience and helping the person to re-es ...
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Psychosis

Psychosis refers to an abnormal condition of the mind described as involving a ""loss of contact with reality"". People with psychosis are described as psychotic. People experiencing psychosis may exhibit some personality changes and thought disorder. Depending on its severity, this may be accompanied by unusual or bizarre behavior, as well as difficulty with social interaction and impairment in carrying out daily life activities.Psychosis (as a sign of a psychiatric disorder) is a diagnosis of exclusion. That is, a new-onset episode of psychosis is not considered a symptom of a psychiatric disorder until other relevant and known causes of psychosis are properly excluded. Medical and biological laboratory tests should exclude central nervous system diseases and injuries, diseases and injuries of other organs, psychoactive substances, toxins, and prescribed medications as causes of symptoms of psychosis before any psychiatric illness can be diagnosed. In medical training, psychosis as a sign of illness is often compared to fever since both can have multiple causes that are not readily apparent.The term ""psychosis"" is very broad and can mean anything from relatively normal aberrant experiences through to the complex and catatonic expressions of schizophrenia and bipolar type 1 disorder. In properly diagnosed psychiatric disorders (where other causes have been excluded by extensive medical and biological laboratory tests), psychosis is a descriptive term for the hallucinations, delusions, sometimes violence, and impaired insight that may occur. Psychosis is generally the term given to noticeable deficits in normal behavior (negative signs) and more commonly to diverse types of hallucinations or delusional beliefs, especially as regards the relation between self and others as in grandiosity and pronoia/paranoia.An excess in dopaminergic signalling is hypothesized to be linked to the positive symptoms of psychosis, especially those of schizophrenia. However, this hypothesis has not been definitively supported. The dopaminergic mechanism is thought to be causal in an aberrant perception or evaluation of the salience of environmental stimuli. Many antipsychotic drugs accordingly target the dopamine system; however, meta-analyses of placebo-controlled trials of these drugs show either no significant difference in effects between drug and placebo, or a moderate effect size, suggesting that the pathophysiology of psychosis is much more complex than an overactive dopamine system.
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