Coral Reef Communities as Prime Resources for
... communities provide many helpful advan- stresses (Ross and Hodgson, 1981). tages. It is hardly surprising that an Two characteristics of coral reef enviincreasing number of colleges and univer- ronments complicate the lives of all resisities are finding ways to encourage, and dent organisms. First o ...
... communities provide many helpful advan- stresses (Ross and Hodgson, 1981). tages. It is hardly surprising that an Two characteristics of coral reef enviincreasing number of colleges and univer- ronments complicate the lives of all resisities are finding ways to encourage, and dent organisms. First o ...
A STATUS REPORT ON THE CORAL REEF AT PULAU DURAI
... handheld global positioning system (GPS) receiver. A snorkeler was towed by the small boat simultaneously to make a visual observation about the ecology. There were six zones identified and these can be viewed in Figure 2 and Table 1. Then, four sites were chosen around the island, generally represe ...
... handheld global positioning system (GPS) receiver. A snorkeler was towed by the small boat simultaneously to make a visual observation about the ecology. There were six zones identified and these can be viewed in Figure 2 and Table 1. Then, four sites were chosen around the island, generally represe ...
GBROOS – An Ocean Observing System for the Great Barrier Reef
... immediate threat and a further 26% under longer term threat. Issues such as climate change are more insidious as the impacts cannot always be dealt with by local management activities and so even reefs that are well managed can be impacted. This disconnect between the impacts that are causing declin ...
... immediate threat and a further 26% under longer term threat. Issues such as climate change are more insidious as the impacts cannot always be dealt with by local management activities and so even reefs that are well managed can be impacted. This disconnect between the impacts that are causing declin ...
Our Australia - One Place, Many Stories: Oceans
... ecosystems – including reefs, sandy cays, deep sea plains and canyons – and the extent to which these are relatively undisturbed by humans. The Coral Sea is a refuge for many iconic species under serious threat elsewhere in the world. Extensive shallow reef systems support tropical communities abund ...
... ecosystems – including reefs, sandy cays, deep sea plains and canyons – and the extent to which these are relatively undisturbed by humans. The Coral Sea is a refuge for many iconic species under serious threat elsewhere in the world. Extensive shallow reef systems support tropical communities abund ...
Ocean Acidification and Its Potential Effects on Marine Ecosystems
... Many of the areas where shoaling is predicted to occur within the century are highly productive and home to many of the world’s most important and economically lucrative commercial fisheries. It is clear that human-induced changes in atmospheric CO 2 concentrations are fundamentally altering ocean c ...
... Many of the areas where shoaling is predicted to occur within the century are highly productive and home to many of the world’s most important and economically lucrative commercial fisheries. It is clear that human-induced changes in atmospheric CO 2 concentrations are fundamentally altering ocean c ...
Slow population turnover in the soft coral genera
... growth, colony fission, mortality, sublethal predation and algae infection, and were carried out at 18 sites on 6 mid- and outer-shelf reefs of the Australian Great Barrier Reef. In both Sinularia and Sarcophyton, average radial growth was around 0.5 cm yr.', and relative growth rates were size-depe ...
... growth, colony fission, mortality, sublethal predation and algae infection, and were carried out at 18 sites on 6 mid- and outer-shelf reefs of the Australian Great Barrier Reef. In both Sinularia and Sarcophyton, average radial growth was around 0.5 cm yr.', and relative growth rates were size-depe ...
English - Association of Marine Laboratories of the Caribbean
... (+/-120 m) have been radical over geological time, (4) After 17 major oceanic and climatic earth changes of the past 250 million years, the reef building corals are still with us - they are very resilient to extreme change, (5) Modern corals have undergone their greatest growth rates and distributio ...
... (+/-120 m) have been radical over geological time, (4) After 17 major oceanic and climatic earth changes of the past 250 million years, the reef building corals are still with us - they are very resilient to extreme change, (5) Modern corals have undergone their greatest growth rates and distributio ...
Gorilla Ogo Gracilaria salicornia
... ""Super Suckers" Slurp Invasive Algae Off Reefs -." DuikForum.nl. Web. 01 Oct. 2009..
"SusHI | Sustainability in Hawai`i » sucking Hawaii’s reefs: gorilla ogo’s gotta go." Sustainable Hawaii? island s ...
... ""Super Suckers" Slurp Invasive Algae Off Reefs -." DuikForum.nl. Web. 01 Oct. 2009.
Marine Ecology Progress Series 261:135
... greatly by human or urban waste and runoff, although possibly, on rare occasions, by mixing from hurricanes and runoff from large storms (Andrefouet et al. 2002). Cages were placed at 2 m depth in the lagoon on the windward side of a patch reef. Tidal range is small (< 0.5 m), currents are low to mo ...
... greatly by human or urban waste and runoff, although possibly, on rare occasions, by mixing from hurricanes and runoff from large storms (Andrefouet et al. 2002). Cages were placed at 2 m depth in the lagoon on the windward side of a patch reef. Tidal range is small (< 0.5 m), currents are low to mo ...
PDF
... The first issue to be addressed when assessing a reef ecosystem is the simple question “are the corals stressed?” A number of researchers have suggested that corallivores can provide evidence for stress in corals by either their presence or absence. Outbreaks of Crown-of-Thorns starfish (Acanthaster ...
... The first issue to be addressed when assessing a reef ecosystem is the simple question “are the corals stressed?” A number of researchers have suggested that corallivores can provide evidence for stress in corals by either their presence or absence. Outbreaks of Crown-of-Thorns starfish (Acanthaster ...
RMI Coral Reef Report 2005
... Scattered throughout the country are nearly one hundred isolated submerged volcanic seamounts. Seamounts with flattened tops, or guyots, are thought to have formed millions of years ago but were unable to keep pace with subsidence or persist as islands or atolls. The average elevation of the Marshall ...
... Scattered throughout the country are nearly one hundred isolated submerged volcanic seamounts. Seamounts with flattened tops, or guyots, are thought to have formed millions of years ago but were unable to keep pace with subsidence or persist as islands or atolls. The average elevation of the Marshall ...
North Atlantic ecosystem sensitivity to Holocene shifts in Meridional
... by 1 s error bars and may be smaller than the sample symbols. The blue [Clark et al., 2002], a reduction in deep lines symbolized abrupt MRE increase. water formation could amplify climatic anomalies and would have also resulted in elevated atmospheric Δ14C [Stuiver and Braziunas, 1993]. A correlati ...
... by 1 s error bars and may be smaller than the sample symbols. The blue [Clark et al., 2002], a reduction in deep lines symbolized abrupt MRE increase. water formation could amplify climatic anomalies and would have also resulted in elevated atmospheric Δ14C [Stuiver and Braziunas, 1993]. A correlati ...
Competition and locomotion in a free-living
... Free-living corals of the family Fungiidae are common on coral reefs throughout much of the tropical Indo-Pacific (Wells, 1966). Some members of this family, the mushroom corals, exhibit an unusual life history in that they begin life attached to the substratum, break off and then reproduce asexuall ...
... Free-living corals of the family Fungiidae are common on coral reefs throughout much of the tropical Indo-Pacific (Wells, 1966). Some members of this family, the mushroom corals, exhibit an unusual life history in that they begin life attached to the substratum, break off and then reproduce asexuall ...
Herbivory versus corallivory
... Some of the most detailed studies of partial colony mortality in Caribbean corals took place before the late 1990s (Hughes and Jackson 1985; Bythell et al. 1993; Meesters et al. 1996; Meesters et al. 1997), after which coral diseases have increasingly become a major source of partial mortality (Weil ...
... Some of the most detailed studies of partial colony mortality in Caribbean corals took place before the late 1990s (Hughes and Jackson 1985; Bythell et al. 1993; Meesters et al. 1996; Meesters et al. 1997), after which coral diseases have increasingly become a major source of partial mortality (Weil ...
Obj 4 Nutrient cycles in marine ecosystems
... floor. This represents a loss of nutrients from the surface water. In deep water, these nutrients will tend to remain on the ocean floor, unless returned to surface waters by upwelling. The growth of corals involves the deposition of calcium carbonate; this represents another way in which nutrients ...
... floor. This represents a loss of nutrients from the surface water. In deep water, these nutrients will tend to remain on the ocean floor, unless returned to surface waters by upwelling. The growth of corals involves the deposition of calcium carbonate; this represents another way in which nutrients ...
Issues in International Conservation
... and the northernmost Red Sea, including Hurghada and Sinai. Although being surrounded by cooler water, reefs in the Andaman Islands were severely bleached, and temperatures within reef waters reached 30-31° C (Ravindran et al. 1999), but the area affected apparently was too small to show on satellit ...
... and the northernmost Red Sea, including Hurghada and Sinai. Although being surrounded by cooler water, reefs in the Andaman Islands were severely bleached, and temperatures within reef waters reached 30-31° C (Ravindran et al. 1999), but the area affected apparently was too small to show on satellit ...
The Association and Diversification of Trapezia Crabs with their
... Multiple species within the genus are commonly found on the same coral colony (Gotelli 1985). Study area This study was conducted from October to November 2012 in Mo’orea (17°30´S, 149°50´W) in the Society Archipelago, French Polynesia. Mo’orea is a volcanic island surrounded by extensive areas of c ...
... Multiple species within the genus are commonly found on the same coral colony (Gotelli 1985). Study area This study was conducted from October to November 2012 in Mo’orea (17°30´S, 149°50´W) in the Society Archipelago, French Polynesia. Mo’orea is a volcanic island surrounded by extensive areas of c ...
Not worth the risk: apex predators suppress herbivory on coral reefs
... understanding of apex predators and their ecological role is imperative for guiding management actions that aim to preserve or enhance ecosystem resilience. Herbivorous fishes perform a critical ecosystem function on coral reefs, mediating the competition for space between corals and algae. Reduction ...
... understanding of apex predators and their ecological role is imperative for guiding management actions that aim to preserve or enhance ecosystem resilience. Herbivorous fishes perform a critical ecosystem function on coral reefs, mediating the competition for space between corals and algae. Reduction ...
Not worth the risk: apex predators suppress herbivory on coral reefs
... understanding of apex predators and their ecological role is imperative for guiding management actions that aim to preserve or enhance ecosystem resilience. Herbivorous fishes perform a critical ecosystem function on coral reefs, mediating the competition for space between corals and algae. Reduction ...
... understanding of apex predators and their ecological role is imperative for guiding management actions that aim to preserve or enhance ecosystem resilience. Herbivorous fishes perform a critical ecosystem function on coral reefs, mediating the competition for space between corals and algae. Reduction ...
NRDC: Cabo Pulmo - Protecting Baja California`s Thriving Coral
... serious threat. Spanish developer Hansa Urbana is proposing to build the Cabo Cortés resort nearby, a tourism and real estate complex comparable in size to Cancun. If completed, the project would consist of 15 large hotels with more than 30,000 hotel rooms, two 27-hole golf courses, a 490-slip marin ...
... serious threat. Spanish developer Hansa Urbana is proposing to build the Cabo Cortés resort nearby, a tourism and real estate complex comparable in size to Cancun. If completed, the project would consist of 15 large hotels with more than 30,000 hotel rooms, two 27-hole golf courses, a 490-slip marin ...
Reef fish community structure in the Tropical Eastern Pacific
... Gasparini 2000). However, the available information on the TEP does not allow for the determination of gradients in fish diversity in the Mesoamerican region and for the verification of the basic assumption of higher diversity of reef fish in the TWA compared to the TEP. The main objective of the pr ...
... Gasparini 2000). However, the available information on the TEP does not allow for the determination of gradients in fish diversity in the Mesoamerican region and for the verification of the basic assumption of higher diversity of reef fish in the TWA compared to the TEP. The main objective of the pr ...
Inter-specific variation in susceptibility to grazing among common
... Luba, and No Name) obligate coral-feeding fish ranged from 26.8 (± 3.4) to 28.6 (± 3.2) ind. per 200 m2, while facultative coral-feeders had a mean density between fed on each of the coral species, with Chaetodon 2.6 (±1.3) and 5.8 (±1.5) fish per transect. C. baronessa baronessa and Labrichthys uni ...
... Luba, and No Name) obligate coral-feeding fish ranged from 26.8 (± 3.4) to 28.6 (± 3.2) ind. per 200 m2, while facultative coral-feeders had a mean density between fed on each of the coral species, with Chaetodon 2.6 (±1.3) and 5.8 (±1.5) fish per transect. C. baronessa baronessa and Labrichthys uni ...
Competitive strategies of soft corals (Coelenterata
... In this experimental study of competitive interactions between alcyonaceans, initial effects on the colonies somewhat paralleled effects previously observed between alcyonaceans a n d scleractinians (Sammarco et al. 1983).Tissue destruction and local mortality were all observed as a result of contac ...
... In this experimental study of competitive interactions between alcyonaceans, initial effects on the colonies somewhat paralleled effects previously observed between alcyonaceans a n d scleractinians (Sammarco et al. 1983).Tissue destruction and local mortality were all observed as a result of contac ...
Marine Animalia Organism Diversity and Reef Condition on Two
... in one of the world’s subtropical or tropical seas (Baker 2008). This bleaching is episodic, with the most severe events occurring with phenomena such as El Niño (Baker 2008). These episodes have resulted in significant coral cover loss in multiple locations, and have changed coral community structu ...
... in one of the world’s subtropical or tropical seas (Baker 2008). This bleaching is episodic, with the most severe events occurring with phenomena such as El Niño (Baker 2008). These episodes have resulted in significant coral cover loss in multiple locations, and have changed coral community structu ...
Spatial discordance in fish, coral, and sponge assemblages across
... coast of Belize in the Western Caribbean Sea in the summer months of 2003–2005 (Fig. 1). The atoll is 32 9 12 km along a N–S alignment. It is ringed by an emergent reef crest except for three major breaks on the windward side. Both windward and leeward forereefs slope from the surface to 15–20 m dep ...
... coast of Belize in the Western Caribbean Sea in the summer months of 2003–2005 (Fig. 1). The atoll is 32 9 12 km along a N–S alignment. It is ringed by an emergent reef crest except for three major breaks on the windward side. Both windward and leeward forereefs slope from the surface to 15–20 m dep ...
Coral reef
Coral reefs are diverse underwater ecosystems held together by calcium carbonate structures secreted by corals. Coral reefs are built by colonies of tiny animals found in marine waters that contain few nutrients. Most coral reefs are built from stony corals, which in turn consist of polyps that cluster in groups. The polyps belong to a group of animals known as Cnidaria, which also includes sea anemones and jellyfish. Unlike sea anemones, corals secrete hard carbonate exoskeletons which support and protect the coral polyps. Reefs grow best in warm, shallow, clear, sunny and agitated waters.Often called ""rainforests of the sea"", shallow coral reefs form some of the most diverse ecosystems on Earth. They occupy less than 0.1% of the world's ocean surface, about half the area of France, yet they provide a home for at least 25% of all marine species, including fish, mollusks, worms, crustaceans, echinoderms, sponges, tunicates and other cnidarians. Paradoxically, coral reefs flourish even though they are surrounded by ocean waters that provide few nutrients. They are most commonly found at shallow depths in tropical waters, but deep water and cold water corals also exist on smaller scales in other areas.Coral reefs deliver ecosystem services to tourism, fisheries and shoreline protection. The annual global economic value of coral reefs is estimated between US$29.8-375 billion. However, coral reefs are fragile ecosystems, partly because they are very sensitive to water temperature. They are under threat from climate change, oceanic acidification, blast fishing, cyanide fishing for aquarium fish, sunscreen use, overuse of reef resources, and harmful land-use practices, including urban and agricultural runoff and water pollution, which can harm reefs by encouraging excess algal growth.