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Talking Points - Wisconsin Medical Society
Talking Points - Wisconsin Medical Society

... o No vaccine is 100 percent effective in preventing any illness. While the flu vaccine is a good match for what is circulating in the community, there is still a small chance that someone who receives the vaccination will develop the flu. Data shows that these individuals have a greatly reduced risk ...
Reading-How Vaccines Work
Reading-How Vaccines Work

...  BI10. b. Students know the role of antibodies in the body’s response to infection.  BI10. c. Students know how vaccination protects an individual from infectious diseases. Link:  http://health.howstuffworks.com/wellness/preventive-care/vaccine.htm Directions:  Open the link above.  Read the ar ...
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... (the PAIR procedure, ie percutaneous aspiration, scolicidal agent infused and then re-aspirated) is used in selected patients. Praziquantel followed by prolonged high-dose albendazole is used if there is cyst spillage from trauma or surgery. Praziquantel may also be used with albendazole before surg ...
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... that was, is the smallpox vaccine. This disease was caused by the variola virus. 12-30% of sufferers died while many who recovered were often blinded. In 1967, WHO (the World Health Organisation) vaccinated more than 80% of the world’s population who were at risk and when a case was reported all pos ...
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... bronchus causing obstruction, secondary bacterial infection, an allergic reaction or secondary spread. Even asymptomatic cysts should be notified. Radiologically, hydatid cysts are single or multiple and may have a rim of calcification. There may be peripheral blood eosinophilia. ...
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... carcasses, particularly  the  internal  organs  of  infected intermediate  hosts.  Dogs  should not  be  fed raw  offal  from  sheep, goats, and cattle. Regular  examination  and  treatment  of  dogs,  particularly  sheep  dogs,  can  reduce  echinococcosis in domestic livestock. For human protectio ...
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... universal in children in developing countries. Humans are the reservoir for Giardia, but dogs and beavers have been implicated as a zoonotic source of infection. In psittacines, the disease is commonly found in cockatiels and budgerigars. Giardiasis is a wellrecognized problem in special groups incl ...
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... Praziquantel (25 mg/kg once) is the treatment of choice, because it acts against both the adult worms and the cysticercoids in the intestinal villi. Nitazoxanide (500 mg bid for 3 days) may be used as an alternative. Prevention  Good personal hygiene and improved sanitation can eradicate the disease ...
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... ©2016 Global Education International. All Rights Reserved. ...
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... Control slaughter of animals, particularly sheep. The area should ...
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Parasitic Diseases

...  occur within 2 wk of infection  Diarrhea is frequently associated with tenesmus  most patients do not present with grossly bloody ...
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Cysticercosis



Cysticercosis is a tissue infection caused by the young form of the pork tapeworm. People may have little or no symptoms for years. In some cases, particularly in Asia, solid lumps of between one and two centimetres may develop under the skin. After months or years these lumps can become painful and swollen and then resolve. A specific form called neurocysticercosis which affects the brain can give neurological symptoms. In developing countries this is one of the most common causes of seizures.Cysticercosis is usually acquired by eating food or drinking water that has tapeworm eggs in it. Among foods, uncooked vegetables are the major source. The tapeworm eggs are present in the feces of a person infected with the adult worms, a condition known as taeniasis. Taeniasis, in the strict sense, is a different disease and is due to eating cysts in poorly cooked pork. People who live with someone with the tapeworm have a greater risk of getting cysticercosis. The diagnosis can be made by aspiration of a cyst. Taking pictures of the brain with computer tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are most useful for the diagnosis of disease in the brain. An increased number of a type of white blood cell, called eosinophils, in the cerebral spinal fluid and blood is also an indicator.Infection can be effectively prevented by personal hygiene and sanitation: this includes cooking pork well, proper toilets and sanitary practices, and improved access to clean water. Treating those with taeniasis is important to prevent spread. Treating the disease when it does not involve the nervous system may not be required. Treatment of those with neurocysticercosis may be with the medications praziquantel or albendazole. These may be required for long periods of time. Steroids, for anti-inflammation during treatment, and anti-seizure medications may also be required. Surgery is sometimes done to remove the cysts.The pork tapeworm is particularly common in Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Latin America. In some areas it is believed that up to 25% of people are affected. In the developed world it is very uncommon. Worldwide as of 2010 it caused about 1,200 deaths, up from 700 in 1990. Cysticercosis also affects pigs and cows but rarely causes symptoms as most do not live long enough. The disease has occurred in humans throughout history. It is one of the neglected tropical diseases.
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