Vaccination save lives
... The last case of Small Pox was found in Somalia in 1977. In 1980, WHO declared the world free of small pox. Currently, the WHO is spearheading a Polio eradication program. Having missed the initial polio eradication target date of 2005, and again in 2010, polio will be eradicated in the near ...
... The last case of Small Pox was found in Somalia in 1977. In 1980, WHO declared the world free of small pox. Currently, the WHO is spearheading a Polio eradication program. Having missed the initial polio eradication target date of 2005, and again in 2010, polio will be eradicated in the near ...
Common Cold Philosophy
... swollen mucus membranes. They are available as oral medications, nasal drops or sprays. Cough medications: Prior to taking a cough medication, understand that coughs serve a useful purpose if something is in the lungs or excessive amounts of mucus are in the throat. A cough which brings up mucus is ...
... swollen mucus membranes. They are available as oral medications, nasal drops or sprays. Cough medications: Prior to taking a cough medication, understand that coughs serve a useful purpose if something is in the lungs or excessive amounts of mucus are in the throat. A cough which brings up mucus is ...
Targeting of specific domains of diphtheria toxin by site
... conformation of this region ia the native protein. The epitopes for two of the anti-peptideantibodies were mapped. The results indicated that even though the antisera were raised to peptides containing 14 amino acids (aa) they were directed predominately against a narrow region within the peptide, c ...
... conformation of this region ia the native protein. The epitopes for two of the anti-peptideantibodies were mapped. The results indicated that even though the antisera were raised to peptides containing 14 amino acids (aa) they were directed predominately against a narrow region within the peptide, c ...
antimicrobial resistance - Tayside Respiratory Research Group
... flu like illness which may progress to a severe pneumonia, with mental confusion, acute renal failure and GI symptoms. ...
... flu like illness which may progress to a severe pneumonia, with mental confusion, acute renal failure and GI symptoms. ...
Is there a scientific question to answer?
... Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety 6 - 7 June 2006 ...
... Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety 6 - 7 June 2006 ...
Important Facts Regarding Immunizations
... round the world, too many children are growing up vulnerable to deadly and preventable diseases. In the U.S., misinformation or lack of information are the main reasons so many children are unprotected. In developing countries, children’s vulnerability to preventable diseases is due to a variety of ...
... round the world, too many children are growing up vulnerable to deadly and preventable diseases. In the U.S., misinformation or lack of information are the main reasons so many children are unprotected. In developing countries, children’s vulnerability to preventable diseases is due to a variety of ...
Croup Fact Sheet
... gasping for breath. Croup can be scary for parents, too, but it's usually not serious. At its worst, croup can be treated in the doctor's office most of the time. b. The harsh, barking cough is the result of swelling around the vocal cords (larynx) and windpipe (trachea). When the cough reflex force ...
... gasping for breath. Croup can be scary for parents, too, but it's usually not serious. At its worst, croup can be treated in the doctor's office most of the time. b. The harsh, barking cough is the result of swelling around the vocal cords (larynx) and windpipe (trachea). When the cough reflex force ...
B. pertussis
... and adults. • Exposed children < 7 years of age whose last DTP ( 4th dose) was more than 3 years ago should be vaccinated.( more than 6m after 3rd dose) ...
... and adults. • Exposed children < 7 years of age whose last DTP ( 4th dose) was more than 3 years ago should be vaccinated.( more than 6m after 3rd dose) ...
Tetanus (Lockjaw) Tetanus (lockjaw) is a serious disease that
... muscles, usually all over the body. Tetanus differs from other vaccine-preventable diseases in that it is not contagious. It does not spread from person to person. Clostridium tetani bacteria are usually found in soil, dust, and manure, and they enter the body through breaks in the skin. When tetanu ...
... muscles, usually all over the body. Tetanus differs from other vaccine-preventable diseases in that it is not contagious. It does not spread from person to person. Clostridium tetani bacteria are usually found in soil, dust, and manure, and they enter the body through breaks in the skin. When tetanu ...
Pathogenicity and virulence
... • Exotoxins : Exotoxins are soluble heat-labile proteins that are released as the bacteria grow – Examples: i. Neurotoxin – Botulinum toxin – ii. Cytotoxin – Haemolysin – iii. Enterotoxin – Cholera toxin ...
... • Exotoxins : Exotoxins are soluble heat-labile proteins that are released as the bacteria grow – Examples: i. Neurotoxin – Botulinum toxin – ii. Cytotoxin – Haemolysin – iii. Enterotoxin – Cholera toxin ...
Communicable Diseases Information
... The worldwide SARS epidemic and the current threat of avian flu acutely highlight the need for awareness, education and preparedness to safeguard the health of individuals. Yet, these are not the only conditions of concern; there are numerous others that warrant equal and practical concern. The info ...
... The worldwide SARS epidemic and the current threat of avian flu acutely highlight the need for awareness, education and preparedness to safeguard the health of individuals. Yet, these are not the only conditions of concern; there are numerous others that warrant equal and practical concern. The info ...
Lymphadenopathy in Children
... • Probable: a clinically compatible case that is not laboratory-confirmed and is not epidemiologically linked to a laboratory-confirmed case • Confirmed: a clinically compatible case that is either laboratory-confirmed or epidemiologically linked to a laboratory-confirmed case • Empirical treatment ...
... • Probable: a clinically compatible case that is not laboratory-confirmed and is not epidemiologically linked to a laboratory-confirmed case • Confirmed: a clinically compatible case that is either laboratory-confirmed or epidemiologically linked to a laboratory-confirmed case • Empirical treatment ...
instruction sheet: sore throat (pharyngitis)
... INSTRUCTION SHEET: SORE THROAT (PHARYNGITIS) The Student Health Provider has diagnosed infectious pharyngitis (an infection causing your sore throat). In addition to throat pain, infectious pharyngitis can cause fever, chills, fatigue, mild headache, and mild stomach ache. Throat infections are caus ...
... INSTRUCTION SHEET: SORE THROAT (PHARYNGITIS) The Student Health Provider has diagnosed infectious pharyngitis (an infection causing your sore throat). In addition to throat pain, infectious pharyngitis can cause fever, chills, fatigue, mild headache, and mild stomach ache. Throat infections are caus ...
Infection Control
... exposure to midwife and GP at any stage of exposure. The GP and antenatal carer will arrange a blood test to check for immunity. Shingled is caused by the same virus as chicken pox, so anyone who has not had chicken pox is potentially vulnerable to the infection if they have close contact with a cas ...
... exposure to midwife and GP at any stage of exposure. The GP and antenatal carer will arrange a blood test to check for immunity. Shingled is caused by the same virus as chicken pox, so anyone who has not had chicken pox is potentially vulnerable to the infection if they have close contact with a cas ...
REPRINTED FROM BEYOND HEALTH® News What About
... Dr. Vera Schreibner, a world authority on immunizations and author of Vaccinations, had this to say: "Immunizations...not only did not prevent any infectious diseases, they caused more suffering and more deaths than any other human activity in the entire history of medical intervention." Having asse ...
... Dr. Vera Schreibner, a world authority on immunizations and author of Vaccinations, had this to say: "Immunizations...not only did not prevent any infectious diseases, they caused more suffering and more deaths than any other human activity in the entire history of medical intervention." Having asse ...
Vaccine Evidences of parasite evolution after vaccination
... individuals. This suggests that, although there is likely a cost associated with these variants (in terms of their fitness in naı̈ve hosts; Fig. 1), it might be relatively small. The epidemiological models of Wilson et al. [5,6] assume that the vaccine-favored variant remains infectious to naı̈ve hos ...
... individuals. This suggests that, although there is likely a cost associated with these variants (in terms of their fitness in naı̈ve hosts; Fig. 1), it might be relatively small. The epidemiological models of Wilson et al. [5,6] assume that the vaccine-favored variant remains infectious to naı̈ve hos ...
here - American Rose Society
... • And yet, though these bacteria produce one of the most deadly poisons known to man, a tetanus immunization infection given every 10 years will prevent its lethal effects. • The organism ... is an ever-present bacillus found in soil, dust, manure, clothing, and in the digestive tracts of man and ma ...
... • And yet, though these bacteria produce one of the most deadly poisons known to man, a tetanus immunization infection given every 10 years will prevent its lethal effects. • The organism ... is an ever-present bacillus found in soil, dust, manure, clothing, and in the digestive tracts of man and ma ...
Reprint
... individuals. This suggests that, although there is likely a cost associated with these variants (in terms of their fitness in naı̈ve hosts; Fig. 1), it might be relatively small. The epidemiological models of Wilson et al. [5,6] assume that the vaccine-favored variant remains infectious to naı̈ve ho ...
... individuals. This suggests that, although there is likely a cost associated with these variants (in terms of their fitness in naı̈ve hosts; Fig. 1), it might be relatively small. The epidemiological models of Wilson et al. [5,6] assume that the vaccine-favored variant remains infectious to naı̈ve ho ...
Hepatitis B Vaccine
... Example – oral polio, measles, varicella, oral typhoid fever The vaccine should be cooled from the time of production to the time of administration “cool chain” 4/ Toxoid immunization Uses modified version of toxin that causes disease Examples – tetanus, diphtheria ...
... Example – oral polio, measles, varicella, oral typhoid fever The vaccine should be cooled from the time of production to the time of administration “cool chain” 4/ Toxoid immunization Uses modified version of toxin that causes disease Examples – tetanus, diphtheria ...
Vaccine Preventable Diseases - Cook County Department of Public
... The symptoms, if left untreated, may last one to two months. Period of Communicability: Highly communicable from the beginning of respiratory symptoms to three weeks after onset of coughing spasms in patients not treated with antibiotics. When treated with appropriate antibiotics, the communicable p ...
... The symptoms, if left untreated, may last one to two months. Period of Communicability: Highly communicable from the beginning of respiratory symptoms to three weeks after onset of coughing spasms in patients not treated with antibiotics. When treated with appropriate antibiotics, the communicable p ...
licensed under a . Your use of this Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License
... Why aren’t some vaccines more effective? Why can’t we eradicate more disease? What new vaccines might be approved in the future? What diseases other than infections might be prevented with vaccines? 6. Why do we have so many misunderstandings about vaccine safety? ...
... Why aren’t some vaccines more effective? Why can’t we eradicate more disease? What new vaccines might be approved in the future? What diseases other than infections might be prevented with vaccines? 6. Why do we have so many misunderstandings about vaccine safety? ...
Chapter 19 - eacfaculty.org
... Calmet-Guerin strain of M. bovis used in other countries (low effectiveness for adults) ...
... Calmet-Guerin strain of M. bovis used in other countries (low effectiveness for adults) ...
Phage Conversion and the Role of Bacteriophage and Host
... Strains of V. cholerae that are deficient in cholera toxin production exhibit attenuation of virulence in animals and humans (Guinee et al. 1985, 1987, 1988). In some cases, phage conversion has been shown to generate a potent pathogen from an avirulent bacterium, which is the case with the Shiga to ...
... Strains of V. cholerae that are deficient in cholera toxin production exhibit attenuation of virulence in animals and humans (Guinee et al. 1985, 1987, 1988). In some cases, phage conversion has been shown to generate a potent pathogen from an avirulent bacterium, which is the case with the Shiga to ...
RiskForUnvaccinated
... around 10 000 a year from 1847 until the 1900s and then declined steeply as the health and care of children improved and had reached less than 400 a year by 1950. Immunisation started in the 1950s, deaths continued to fill and notifications fell sharply." (1) It is undoubtedly the case that whooping ...
... around 10 000 a year from 1847 until the 1900s and then declined steeply as the health and care of children improved and had reached less than 400 a year by 1950. Immunisation started in the 1950s, deaths continued to fill and notifications fell sharply." (1) It is undoubtedly the case that whooping ...
Diphtheria
Diphtheria (from Greek: διφθέρα diphthera, meaning leather) is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Signs and symptoms may vary from mild to severe. They usually start two to five days after exposure. Symptoms often come on fairly gradually beginning with a sore throat and fever. In severe cases a grey or white patch develops in the throat. This can block the airway and create a barking cough as in croup. The neck may swell in part due to large lymph nodes. A form of diphtheria that involves the skin, eyes, or genitals also exists. Complications may include myocarditis, inflammation of nerves, kidney problems, and bleeding problems due to low blood platelets. Myocarditis may result in an abnormal heart rate and inflammation of the nerves may result in paralysis.Diphtheria is usually spread between people by direct contact or through the air. It may also be spread by contaminated objects. Some people carry the bacteria without having symptoms, but can still spread the disease to others. There are three main types of C. diphtheriae causing different severities of disease. The symptoms are due to a toxin produced by the bacteria. Diagnosis can often be made based on the appearance of the throat with confirmation by culture. Previous infection may not prevent against future infection.A vaccine, known as diphtheria toxoid, is effective for prevention and available in a number of formulations. Three or four doses, given along with tetanus toxoid and acellular pertussis vaccine, are recommended during childhood. Further doses are recommended every ten years. Protection can be verified by measuring the antitoxin level in the blood. Treatment is with the antibiotic erythromycin or penicillin G. These antibiotics may also be used for prevention in those who have been exposed to the infection. A surgical procedure known as a tracheostomy is sometimes needed to open the airway in severe cases.In 2013, 4,700 cases were officially reported, down from nearly 100,000 in 1980. It is believed, however, that about a million cases occurred per year before the 1980s. It currently occurs most often in Sub-Saharan Africa, India, and Indonesia. In 2013, it resulted in 3,300 deaths down from 8,000 deaths in 1990. In areas where it is still common, children are most affected. It is rare in the developed world due to widespread vaccination. In the United States 57 cases were reported between 1980 and 2004. Death occurs in between 5% and 10% of those affected. The disease was first described in the 5th century BCE by Hippocrates. The bacteria was discovered in 1882 by Edwin Klebs.