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stops to drain holes (figure 1).
stops to drain holes (figure 1).

Preparation of a Medium-Voltage DC Grid Demonstration Project
Preparation of a Medium-Voltage DC Grid Demonstration Project

... Today’s power systems use alternating current (ac) for transmission and distribution of electrical energy, although. Historically speaking, the first grids were based on direct current (dc). Without appropriate equipment to change the voltage level dc distribution suffered from high losses and was s ...
Diode Circuits
Diode Circuits

... Batteries are often shown on a schematic diagram as the source of DC voltage but usually the actual DC voltage source is a power supply. A more reliable method of obtaining DC power is to transform, rectify, filter and regulate an AC line voltage. Power supplies make use of simple circuits which we ...
STC03DE170HP
STC03DE170HP

... The STC03DE170HP is manufactured in a hybrid structure, using dedicated high voltage Bipolar and low voltage MOSFET technologies, aimed to providing the best performance in ESBT topology. The STC03DE170HP is designed for use in aux ...
MAX8830 LED Light Management IC in 2.5mm x 2.5mm UCSP General Description
MAX8830 LED Light Management IC in 2.5mm x 2.5mm UCSP General Description

MAX3190/MAX3190E ±15kV ESD-Protected, 460kbps, RS-232 Transmitters in SOT23-6 General Description
MAX3190/MAX3190E ±15kV ESD-Protected, 460kbps, RS-232 Transmitters in SOT23-6 General Description

... supplies. For applications where these supply voltages are not present, a DC-DC converter must be added. Due to the MAX3190/MAX3190E’s low current consumption, a charge pump can provide the proper supply voltages and requires a minimal amount of board space and cost. When using another RS-232 device ...
Performance Evaluation of Asynchronous Generator Based Islanded
Performance Evaluation of Asynchronous Generator Based Islanded

Fuse Primer So what are actual important characteristics of a fuse
Fuse Primer So what are actual important characteristics of a fuse

... a 72 volt battery pack? The answer here is very much NO. The system at 72 volts would have enough potential to arc across the gap in the blown fuse, making the fuse worthless. Put another way, a 32 VDC fuse is only good for systems running up to 32 volts DC. Ok, how about another common example… I h ...
TL783C, TL783Y HIGH-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR
TL783C, TL783Y HIGH-VOLTAGE ADJUSTABLE REGULATOR

... sourcing more than 700 mA. It is designed for use in high-voltage applications where standard bipolar regulators cannot be used. Excellent performance specifications, superior to those of most bipolar regulators, are achieved through circuit design and advanced layout techniques. As a state-of-the-a ...
Forward Type Switched Mode Power Supply
Forward Type Switched Mode Power Supply

... which neglects many of the non-idealities. Another common non-ideality is the low frequency ripple and fluctuation in input dc supply voltage. In the simplified analysis input supply has been assumed to be of constant magnitude. In a practical circuit, the variation in input supply is taken care of ...
MAX1577Y/MAX1577Z 1.2A White LED Regulating Charge Pump for General Description
MAX1577Y/MAX1577Z 1.2A White LED Regulating Charge Pump for General Description

... until the die cools by 20°C. Once the die has cooled, the MAX1577Y/MAX1577Z turn on and initiate soft-start. During a continuous overload, this produces a pulsed output. Continous operation at high-output-current settings may induce thermal protection. ...
Chapter 14 Inductive Transients
Chapter 14 Inductive Transients

... Energy is released in a short time This may create a large voltage Induced voltage is called an inductive kick ...
Three-Phase High-Power and Zero-Current-Switching OBC
Three-Phase High-Power and Zero-Current-Switching OBC

... of the conversion efficiency, soft switching technology is widely used in the DC/DC converter. The most commonly-used topologies are the phase shifted zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) topology [6–10] and the resonant tank with two inductors and a capacitor (LLC) resonant topology [11–13]. The shifted ZV ...
COVER SHEET
COVER SHEET

... these ions at the surface of the pre-deposited carbon films. The concentration of detected potassium does not increase beyond 1000 V: the reason for this is that, the ion energy being higher, the depth penetration of the ions increases [11] and exceeds the XPS depth resolution: the maximum ionic co ...
Report Gel Electrophoresis - Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Report Gel Electrophoresis - Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

... acid (DNA) separation process using the Gel Electrophoresis unit with temperature control in order to reduce the cost and time. Gel Electrophoresis is a technique use for the separation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), or protein molecules using an electric current applied to ...
MAX8211/MAX8212 Microprocessor Voltage Monitors with
MAX8211/MAX8212 Microprocessor Voltage Monitors with

Switch power
Switch power

... Reality: MOSFET capacitances, if fully characterized, can fully explain (together with other parameters) the switching behavior, without the need for gate charges. Error: MOSFET datasheets give enough information to characterize the switching behavior of a MOSFET in your application. Reality: Most M ...
electrical power engineering
electrical power engineering

MP3900DK-LF-Z Datasheet
MP3900DK-LF-Z Datasheet

MT-038: Op Amp Input Bias Current
MT-038: Op Amp Input Bias Current

... It should be noted that rail-to-rail input stages comprised of two parallel stages have bias currents that change direction as the common-mode voltage passes through the transition region. Bias and offset currents for these devices are especially difficult to specify, other than simply giving a maxi ...
H6-type transformerless single-phase inverter for grid
H6-type transformerless single-phase inverter for grid

FAN102 Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller FA N
FAN102 Primary-Side-Control PWM Controller FA N

FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 Full
FPF2193 / FPF2194 / FPF2195 Full

... Current Limiting The current limit ensures that the current through the switch doesn't exceed a maximum value, while not limiting at less than a minimum value. The current at which the parts limit is adjustable through the selection of an external resistor connected to ISET. Information for selectin ...
NCP5030 - Buck-Boost Converter
NCP5030 - Buck-Boost Converter

MAX4506/MAX4507 Fault-Protected, High-Voltage Signal-Line Protectors General Description
MAX4506/MAX4507 Fault-Protected, High-Voltage Signal-Line Protectors General Description

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Mercury-arc valve



A mercury-arc valve or mercury-vapor rectifier or (UK) mercury-arc rectifier is a type of electrical rectifier used for converting high-voltage or high-current alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). It is a type of cold cathode gas-filled tube, but is unusual in that the cathode, instead of being solid, is made from a pool of liquid mercury and is therefore self-restoring. As a result, mercury-arc valves were much more rugged, long-lasting and could carry much higher currents than most other types of gas discharge tube.Invented in 1902 by Peter Cooper Hewitt, mercury-arc rectifiers were used to provide power for industrial motors, electric railways, streetcars, and electric locomotives, as well as for radio transmitters and for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission. They were the primary method of high power rectification before the advent of semiconductor rectifiers, such as diodes, thyristors and gate turn-off thyristors (GTOs) in the 1970s.
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