Rehabilitation and Retrofitting of Structures Notes (RRS)
... Providing R.C deep beam or an involved T -beam with adequate reinforcements to withstand the ...
... Providing R.C deep beam or an involved T -beam with adequate reinforcements to withstand the ...
A new ductile moment-resisting connection for precast concrete
... post-tensioned precast concrete beam-column joint subassemblies under cyclic loading. SCOPE systems are framed structures consisted of precast prestressed concrete components. Cai et al. [13] showed that these structural systems can provide full hysteretic loops and good energy dissipation capacity ...
... post-tensioned precast concrete beam-column joint subassemblies under cyclic loading. SCOPE systems are framed structures consisted of precast prestressed concrete components. Cai et al. [13] showed that these structural systems can provide full hysteretic loops and good energy dissipation capacity ...
CITY OF ABILENE ITEM 420 CONCRETE STRUCTURES
... feet on each side of joints to provide continuity. A row of wales shall be placed near the bottom of each placement. Facing material shall be placed with parallel and square joints and securely fastened to supporting studs. Forms for surfaces receiving only an ordinary finish and exposed to view sha ...
... feet on each side of joints to provide continuity. A row of wales shall be placed near the bottom of each placement. Facing material shall be placed with parallel and square joints and securely fastened to supporting studs. Forms for surfaces receiving only an ordinary finish and exposed to view sha ...
Bamboo as reinforcement in structural concrete elements
... The energy necessary to produce 1 m3 per unit stress projected in practice for materials commonly used in civil construction, such as steel or concrete, has been compared with that of bamboo. It was found that for steel it is necessary to spend 50 times more energy than for bamboo [7,13,14]. The ten ...
... The energy necessary to produce 1 m3 per unit stress projected in practice for materials commonly used in civil construction, such as steel or concrete, has been compared with that of bamboo. It was found that for steel it is necessary to spend 50 times more energy than for bamboo [7,13,14]. The ten ...
application of polymer composites for stabilization of degraded rock
... 2.3. Epoxy resins Epoxy resins are two-component organic resins. By mixing component A (epoxy resin) with component B (containing catalyst) a reaction occurs, which ends with hardening. The ratio between components varies at different manufacturers and resin types from 2 : 1 to 5 : 1. The catalyst c ...
... 2.3. Epoxy resins Epoxy resins are two-component organic resins. By mixing component A (epoxy resin) with component B (containing catalyst) a reaction occurs, which ends with hardening. The ratio between components varies at different manufacturers and resin types from 2 : 1 to 5 : 1. The catalyst c ...
A Comparison Between the Shear Strength Measured with
... failure plane are more or less uniform and the peak shear strength measured is not affected by progressive failure. For the triaxial device, stress concentration caused by the end restraints can influence the results. Research performed by Taylor (1941) showed that if the ratio of length to diameter ...
... failure plane are more or less uniform and the peak shear strength measured is not affected by progressive failure. For the triaxial device, stress concentration caused by the end restraints can influence the results. Research performed by Taylor (1941) showed that if the ratio of length to diameter ...
Seismic Performance of Open Ground Storey RC
... earthquake occurrence for assessing the need to strength essential facilities and structures against future earthquakes. For providing sufficient parking spaces, now a day’s ground storey of the building is utilized. The buildings having no infilled walls in ground storey, but which are in-filled in ...
... earthquake occurrence for assessing the need to strength essential facilities and structures against future earthquakes. For providing sufficient parking spaces, now a day’s ground storey of the building is utilized. The buildings having no infilled walls in ground storey, but which are in-filled in ...
Document
... sited to a large extent on reclaimed land. Owning to the dramatic increase in population and rapid development of Hong Kong over the past few decades, many low-rise buildings in this region have been demolished and replaced by high-rise buildings with deep foundations and related infrastructure. To ...
... sited to a large extent on reclaimed land. Owning to the dramatic increase in population and rapid development of Hong Kong over the past few decades, many low-rise buildings in this region have been demolished and replaced by high-rise buildings with deep foundations and related infrastructure. To ...
Study of Soil Erosion at a Site near Chemical Engineering
... Study of Soil Erosion at a Site near Chemical Engineering Laboratory in UNIMAS Fizzahutiah Binti Taha1 and Shenbaga R. Kaniraj2 ...
... Study of Soil Erosion at a Site near Chemical Engineering Laboratory in UNIMAS Fizzahutiah Binti Taha1 and Shenbaga R. Kaniraj2 ...
Reference Specifications for Civil Engineering Work 2001
... cracked or otherwise deteriorated, prior to placing new surface. Slope and camber: If required, correct the slope or crossfall of a pavement. Edge planing: Remove asphalt adjacent to kerb and channel or adjoining asphalt surfaces to enable asphalt to be placed without creating height differences and ...
... cracked or otherwise deteriorated, prior to placing new surface. Slope and camber: If required, correct the slope or crossfall of a pavement. Edge planing: Remove asphalt adjacent to kerb and channel or adjoining asphalt surfaces to enable asphalt to be placed without creating height differences and ...
Occurrence of Soil Liquefaction Potential Assessed Over Time
... In effect, this phenomenon repeated in sedimentary soils with soil resistance of static shear stresses occur. Deformation of periodic mental stress due to the increase in static and dynamic earthquake spread. Mental results of periodic broadcast side (Lateral spreading) of soil on lower slopes and f ...
... In effect, this phenomenon repeated in sedimentary soils with soil resistance of static shear stresses occur. Deformation of periodic mental stress due to the increase in static and dynamic earthquake spread. Mental results of periodic broadcast side (Lateral spreading) of soil on lower slopes and f ...
Seismic Strengthening of Harborview Medical Center
... FRP appeared to be a very attractive method of reinforcing the concrete panels above and below the windows of the North Wing because it could be applied to the exterior of the building with minimal disruption to occupants. In addition, the FRP would provide reinforcing to existing elements without c ...
... FRP appeared to be a very attractive method of reinforcing the concrete panels above and below the windows of the North Wing because it could be applied to the exterior of the building with minimal disruption to occupants. In addition, the FRP would provide reinforcing to existing elements without c ...
Effect of Elevated Temperature on Mechanical Properties and
... The compressive strength of thermally treated concrete specimens after cooling was determined. The results shown in figure (1) indicate the residual compressive strength of each specimen at different elevated temperatures. It shows a relative decrease in the compressive strength of each specimen the ...
... The compressive strength of thermally treated concrete specimens after cooling was determined. The results shown in figure (1) indicate the residual compressive strength of each specimen at different elevated temperatures. It shows a relative decrease in the compressive strength of each specimen the ...
Reinforced Concrete Structures
... the reinforcement has been placed in the formwork. This concrete is also integrated with columns. In addition, reinforcing bars are extended into adjoining members. Like all cast-in-place systems, this clearly illustrates the monolithic nature of reinforced concrete structural members. A standard on ...
... the reinforcement has been placed in the formwork. This concrete is also integrated with columns. In addition, reinforcing bars are extended into adjoining members. Like all cast-in-place systems, this clearly illustrates the monolithic nature of reinforced concrete structural members. A standard on ...
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE)
... Seismic design strategies for FRP reinforced concrete elements may be to design them remain elastic, with sufficient lateral deformability. The design approach may be improved by providing sufficient confinement for compression members by means of closely spacedtransverse FRP reinforcement. It i ...
... Seismic design strategies for FRP reinforced concrete elements may be to design them remain elastic, with sufficient lateral deformability. The design approach may be improved by providing sufficient confinement for compression members by means of closely spacedtransverse FRP reinforcement. It i ...
Steady, balanced rates of uplift and erosion of the Santa Monica
... Mean elevation, catchment-scale relief, slope and hypsometry were calculated from the 30-m grid spacing digital elevation model (DEM) available from the United States Geological Survey (Figs 4–6). Calculations of mean elevation and slope involved iterative calculation of a subset of the data followe ...
... Mean elevation, catchment-scale relief, slope and hypsometry were calculated from the 30-m grid spacing digital elevation model (DEM) available from the United States Geological Survey (Figs 4–6). Calculations of mean elevation and slope involved iterative calculation of a subset of the data followe ...
0behaviour of reinforced concrete beam with web openings
... strength, crack width shear strength and stiffness may also be seriously affected. Furthermore, the provision of openings produces discontinuities or disturbances in the normal flow of stresses, thus leading it to stress concentration and early cracking of the beam around the opening region. Similar ...
... strength, crack width shear strength and stiffness may also be seriously affected. Furthermore, the provision of openings produces discontinuities or disturbances in the normal flow of stresses, thus leading it to stress concentration and early cracking of the beam around the opening region. Similar ...
A Proposal for Seismic Design of Geosynthetic Reinforced Steep
... The main objective of the internal design of geosynthetic reinforced soil retaining walls and slopes is the definition of the required strength, and a minimum length of the geosynthetic layers. For a given vertical spacing between reinforcement layers, the internal stability analysis is used to dete ...
... The main objective of the internal design of geosynthetic reinforced soil retaining walls and slopes is the definition of the required strength, and a minimum length of the geosynthetic layers. For a given vertical spacing between reinforcement layers, the internal stability analysis is used to dete ...
Steady state, erosional continuity, and the topography of landscapes
... types (Fig. 1a). Considering the opposite limit, with horizontal contacts between rocks, it seems natural to think about horizontal retreat rates rather than vertical incision rates (Fig. 1b). It is plausible that a similar steady state exists where steepness in each rock type is fixed, and horizont ...
... types (Fig. 1a). Considering the opposite limit, with horizontal contacts between rocks, it seems natural to think about horizontal retreat rates rather than vertical incision rates (Fig. 1b). It is plausible that a similar steady state exists where steepness in each rock type is fixed, and horizont ...
Reinforced Masonry Design: An Innovative Construction Technique
... structural behavior of a bare frame and an infilled frame and provides different design values for lateral loads. However, the Turkish Seismic Design Code 2007 does not address any difference between the behavior of a bare frame and an infilled frame. The effect of the infills on the lateral respon ...
... structural behavior of a bare frame and an infilled frame and provides different design values for lateral loads. However, the Turkish Seismic Design Code 2007 does not address any difference between the behavior of a bare frame and an infilled frame. The effect of the infills on the lateral respon ...
Technical Guidance Note
... (g) the building, which contains at least one dwelling, contains a greater or lesser number of dwellings than it previously did; (h) the building contains a room for residential purposes where previously it did not; (i) the building, which contains at least one room for residential purposes, contain ...
... (g) the building, which contains at least one dwelling, contains a greater or lesser number of dwellings than it previously did; (h) the building contains a room for residential purposes where previously it did not; (i) the building, which contains at least one room for residential purposes, contain ...
Debris-flow dominated alluvial fans
... Application of the proposed methodology An inventory map of more than 100 debris flows was produced, trough geomorphological and morphometric survey and aerial photos analysis. Almost all events are triggered on the gneiss and micaschist litology. The range of slope in which are set the triggering a ...
... Application of the proposed methodology An inventory map of more than 100 debris flows was produced, trough geomorphological and morphometric survey and aerial photos analysis. Almost all events are triggered on the gneiss and micaschist litology. The range of slope in which are set the triggering a ...
Full report
... Cordillera. Areas up to one hundred kilometres around these volcanic zones are covered by thick deposits from ‘ancient’ eruptions and ‘recent’ ash falls. Nevado del Ruiz Volcano, close to the town of Manizales, erupted in 1985. This generated a lahar that buried the town of Armero. Nevado del Ruiz V ...
... Cordillera. Areas up to one hundred kilometres around these volcanic zones are covered by thick deposits from ‘ancient’ eruptions and ‘recent’ ash falls. Nevado del Ruiz Volcano, close to the town of Manizales, erupted in 1985. This generated a lahar that buried the town of Armero. Nevado del Ruiz V ...
Pavers on a Mortar Bed
... exterior applications in the U.S. Pavers installed with this method recommended for areas subject to pedestrian traffic only. The text must be edited to suit specific project requirements. This Section includes the term "Architect." Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in ...
... exterior applications in the U.S. Pavers installed with this method recommended for areas subject to pedestrian traffic only. The text must be edited to suit specific project requirements. This Section includes the term "Architect." Edit this term as necessary to identify the design professional in ...
block 2 - Council of Europe
... caused by forces extraneous to him”, or in other words, “the probability of occurrence, within a specific period of time in a given area, of a potentially damaging natural phenomena” (Table 1-I). Technologic hazards are “major man-made accidents, that is, the initiating event in a disaster arises fr ...
... caused by forces extraneous to him”, or in other words, “the probability of occurrence, within a specific period of time in a given area, of a potentially damaging natural phenomena” (Table 1-I). Technologic hazards are “major man-made accidents, that is, the initiating event in a disaster arises fr ...
Landslide mitigation
Landslide mitigation refers to construction and other man-made activities on slopes with the goal of lessening the effect of landslides. Landslides can be triggered by many, sometimes concomitant causes. In addition to shallow erosion or reduction of shear strength caused by seasonal rainfall, landslides may be triggered by anthropic activities, such as adding excessive weight above the slope, digging at mid-slope or at the foot of the slope. Often, individual phenomena join together to generate instability over time, which often does not allow a reconstruction of the evolution of a particular landslide. Therefore, landslide hazard mitigation measures are not generally classified according to the phenomena that might cause a landslide. Instead, they are classified by the sort of slope stabilization method used: Geometric methods, in which the geometry of the hillside is changed (in general the slope); Hydrogeological methods, in which an attempt is made to lower the groundwater level or to reduce the water content of the material Chemical and mechanical methods, in which attempts are made to increase the shear strength of the unstable mass or to introduce active external forces (e.g. anchors, rock or ground nailing) or passive (e.g. structural wells, piles or reinforced ground) to counteract the destabilizing forces.Each of these methods varies somewhat with the type of material that makes up the slope.