Why Response-Dependence Theories of Morality are False
... response plays a truth-determining role in morality. This is stronger than the claim that the response in question plays a merely constitutive role in morality, for the response can play a constitutive role without playing a truth-determining role. By way of analogy, it has recently been argued4 tha ...
... response plays a truth-determining role in morality. This is stronger than the claim that the response in question plays a merely constitutive role in morality, for the response can play a constitutive role without playing a truth-determining role. By way of analogy, it has recently been argued4 tha ...
NATURAL LAW, KANTIAN ETHICS
... action can be a universal law’ Are you willing to carry out the rule yourself? Can you wish all people would obey the principle you act on? Would all rational people of good-will agree? Is it self contradictory? ‘Always accept and never give’ ...
... action can be a universal law’ Are you willing to carry out the rule yourself? Can you wish all people would obey the principle you act on? Would all rational people of good-will agree? Is it self contradictory? ‘Always accept and never give’ ...
CHAPTER 2 Utilitarian and Deontological Approaches to Criminal
... Let me briefly summarize. The ethical theorist is interested in discovering the basic, fundamental principle of morality, a foundation upon which all moral judgments rest. The utilitarian claims to have found such a principle and identifies it as the greatest happiness principle. According to utilit ...
... Let me briefly summarize. The ethical theorist is interested in discovering the basic, fundamental principle of morality, a foundation upon which all moral judgments rest. The utilitarian claims to have found such a principle and identifies it as the greatest happiness principle. According to utilit ...
Morality and Ethics (cont. 2)
... Some video clips from other sources may be used, but the source must be clearly indicated. No more than 30% from other sources ...
... Some video clips from other sources may be used, but the source must be clearly indicated. No more than 30% from other sources ...
Conscience-Egoism-Kant
... content is learnt, like language, as part of a culture. For instance, one person may feel a moral duty to go to war, another feels a moral duty to avoid war under any circumstances. Studies of brain damage show that damage to the anterior prefrontal cortex of the brain results in the reduction or el ...
... content is learnt, like language, as part of a culture. For instance, one person may feel a moral duty to go to war, another feels a moral duty to avoid war under any circumstances. Studies of brain damage show that damage to the anterior prefrontal cortex of the brain results in the reduction or el ...
Document
... • They are not do’s and don’ts. • But do’s and don’ts – should be founded on cardinal human values. • Balance individual and collective interests. • Ethics are tools for liberation, not suppression. • The intention behind each deed is most important. Dada Maheshvarananda ...
... • They are not do’s and don’ts. • But do’s and don’ts – should be founded on cardinal human values. • Balance individual and collective interests. • Ethics are tools for liberation, not suppression. • The intention behind each deed is most important. Dada Maheshvarananda ...
Plato: The Ring of Gyges (Republic Book 2) Imagine there is a
... 5. According to Glaucon, how does the practice of justice arise? On the view he expresses, would there be any reason prior to living in a society to do the right thing? Does the practice of ethics only make sense in the context of living in a society? Glaucon believes human beings practice justice i ...
... 5. According to Glaucon, how does the practice of justice arise? On the view he expresses, would there be any reason prior to living in a society to do the right thing? Does the practice of ethics only make sense in the context of living in a society? Glaucon believes human beings practice justice i ...
Psychological Egoism - David Kelsey`s Philosophy Home Page
... “…all men do as a contingent matter of fact ‘put their own interests first,’” and “they are capable of nothing else, human nature being what it is.” (2) ...
... “…all men do as a contingent matter of fact ‘put their own interests first,’” and “they are capable of nothing else, human nature being what it is.” (2) ...
MARGINAL HUMANS, THE ARGUMENT FROM
... But I think that non-paradigmatic could mean any number of things, any number of ways in which humans are unusual, including being an albino or being physically disabled – such people are not what is usually meant by MH. So I will not use non-paradigmatic. It may also be objected that some so called ...
... But I think that non-paradigmatic could mean any number of things, any number of ways in which humans are unusual, including being an albino or being physically disabled – such people are not what is usually meant by MH. So I will not use non-paradigmatic. It may also be objected that some so called ...
Legal Punishment
... should pay for it. Therefore even if there are other means to prevent crime, they should not be a substitute for punishment. To be morally justifiable punishment should be proportional to the crime. Diminished mental capacity, mitigating circumstances, and duress, which lessen a person’s responsibil ...
... should pay for it. Therefore even if there are other means to prevent crime, they should not be a substitute for punishment. To be morally justifiable punishment should be proportional to the crime. Diminished mental capacity, mitigating circumstances, and duress, which lessen a person’s responsibil ...
Reasons, Rational Requirements, and the Putative Pseudo
... seriously arises for a person only when, nonmorally speaking, she should not be moral—or more precisely, should not do what she takes “being moral” to signify. After all, if things were otherwise—that is, if she had nonmoral reasons to be moral that outweighed, or weighed no less than, her nonmoral ...
... seriously arises for a person only when, nonmorally speaking, she should not be moral—or more precisely, should not do what she takes “being moral” to signify. After all, if things were otherwise—that is, if she had nonmoral reasons to be moral that outweighed, or weighed no less than, her nonmoral ...
Slide 1
... Ethical Framework: Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic • If something is intrinsically right or wrong – there is no room for ethical debate (ie. if murder is judged to be intrinsically wrong, then no amount of logical argument or data will overturn the judgment – consider the “Pro-Life” argument of the abortio ...
... Ethical Framework: Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic • If something is intrinsically right or wrong – there is no room for ethical debate (ie. if murder is judged to be intrinsically wrong, then no amount of logical argument or data will overturn the judgment – consider the “Pro-Life” argument of the abortio ...
Consequentialism and our special relationship to self
... in these relationships. The agent-relativity is of course what renders these obligations ‘special.’ Our special relationship to our selves grounds options instead of obligations because, though this relationship is rooted in agent-relative reasons, those reasons are fundamentally subjective, rooted ...
... in these relationships. The agent-relativity is of course what renders these obligations ‘special.’ Our special relationship to our selves grounds options instead of obligations because, though this relationship is rooted in agent-relative reasons, those reasons are fundamentally subjective, rooted ...
IMMANUEL KANT`S ETHICAL THEORY RIGHTS AND DUTIES DR
... What about non-human animals? [WEAK] According to Kant, we only have a duty to treat rational moral agents as ends, not animals. What about chimps that have 99.4% of our DNA structure? What about senile people or the comatose? Are these people things as opposed to ends in themselves, as "normal" peo ...
... What about non-human animals? [WEAK] According to Kant, we only have a duty to treat rational moral agents as ends, not animals. What about chimps that have 99.4% of our DNA structure? What about senile people or the comatose? Are these people things as opposed to ends in themselves, as "normal" peo ...
Humanities 117: Philosophical Perspectives on the Humanities First Paper
... times pernicious and/or immoral? Conversely: are moral truths and/or moral people, according to Hume and Kant, always “interesting” in a speculative sense, or are they (always or sometimes) boring? Given whatever problems may appear in these areas, how (if at all) do Hume and Kant try to justify th ...
... times pernicious and/or immoral? Conversely: are moral truths and/or moral people, according to Hume and Kant, always “interesting” in a speculative sense, or are they (always or sometimes) boring? Given whatever problems may appear in these areas, how (if at all) do Hume and Kant try to justify th ...
Developing an Effective Ethics Program
... formal structural restraints and guidance on ethical issues ...
... formal structural restraints and guidance on ethical issues ...
Does Moral Theory Corrupt Youth?
... they belong to a system of beliefs that is simple, powerful, consistent and explanatorily deep.8 The answer to the question “Why defer to moral intuitions?” is that coherence is the only epistemic pressure we face: only a failure of coherence can require us to reject our initial moral beliefs, and w ...
... they belong to a system of beliefs that is simple, powerful, consistent and explanatorily deep.8 The answer to the question “Why defer to moral intuitions?” is that coherence is the only epistemic pressure we face: only a failure of coherence can require us to reject our initial moral beliefs, and w ...
Utilitarianism: objections
... However, the theory still implies that if it was very unlikely anyone would find out, then it would be right to torture children. But other people finding out isn’t what makes torturing children wrong. This thought expresses two possible objections. First, we can point out that the example shows tha ...
... However, the theory still implies that if it was very unlikely anyone would find out, then it would be right to torture children. But other people finding out isn’t what makes torturing children wrong. This thought expresses two possible objections. First, we can point out that the example shows tha ...
The Moral Philosophy of Bernard Williams
... So it is with moral skepticism, the ethicist might claim. But I think that this analogy is misleading on several fronts. On one hand, moral skeptics raise a number of interesting philosophical issues, so should be willing to explain this error in reasoning that everyone else is supposed to commit wh ...
... So it is with moral skepticism, the ethicist might claim. But I think that this analogy is misleading on several fronts. On one hand, moral skeptics raise a number of interesting philosophical issues, so should be willing to explain this error in reasoning that everyone else is supposed to commit wh ...
pers ective p Bad people do not have a monopoly on bad deeds:
... next door. Some subjects were alone, while others were working alongside a small group of strangers who were part of the study and had been instructed not to respond. Darley found that 80 percent of those working alone got up from their work to check on the individual calling for help. By contrast, ...
... next door. Some subjects were alone, while others were working alongside a small group of strangers who were part of the study and had been instructed not to respond. Darley found that 80 percent of those working alone got up from their work to check on the individual calling for help. By contrast, ...
Synthetic biology is an emergent technology. Emergent
... in the natural world and the re-design and fabrication of existing biological systems. It applies an engineering approach as opposed to a scientific approach towards biology. This in effect reduces organisms into biological systems that can be designed, measured and characterised. This is an importa ...
... in the natural world and the re-design and fabrication of existing biological systems. It applies an engineering approach as opposed to a scientific approach towards biology. This in effect reduces organisms into biological systems that can be designed, measured and characterised. This is an importa ...
Kant - Def
... Suppose that time extends infinitely back. Then you would never be able to explain how we got to the present. This is because an infinite amount of time would have passed before we got to this year. And an infinite amount of time would take forever, so we could never get here. But… That means time m ...
... Suppose that time extends infinitely back. Then you would never be able to explain how we got to the present. This is because an infinite amount of time would have passed before we got to this year. And an infinite amount of time would take forever, so we could never get here. But… That means time m ...
187 “Goodness itself must change” – Anthroponomy in an age of
... even must. It will be argued that, yes, our ethical concepts should change by exploring the changes needed for the core ethical concept of goodness. Goodness, it will be argued, must change to reflect a change in priority from personal intentions to the right relation between an agent and the collec ...
... even must. It will be argued that, yes, our ethical concepts should change by exploring the changes needed for the core ethical concept of goodness. Goodness, it will be argued, must change to reflect a change in priority from personal intentions to the right relation between an agent and the collec ...
Moral responsibility
In philosophy, moral responsibility is the status of morally deserving praise, blame, reward, or punishment for an act or omission, in accordance with one's moral obligations.Deciding what (if anything) counts as ""morally obligatory"" is a principal concern of ethics.Philosophers refer to people who have moral responsibility for an action as moral agents. Agents have the capability to reflect on their situation, to form intentions about how they will act, and then to carry out that action. The notion of free will has become an important issue in the debate on whether individuals are ever morally responsible for their actions and, if so, in what sense. Incompatibilists regard determinism as at odds with free will, whereas compatibilists think the two can coexist.Moral responsibility does not necessarily equate to legal responsibility. A person is legally responsible for an event when a legal system is liable to penalise that person for that event. Although it may often be the case that when a person is morally responsible for an act, they are also legally responsible for it, the two states do not always coincide.