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Speed-up charge pump circuit to improve lock time for integer
Speed-up charge pump circuit to improve lock time for integer

... less standard in the World, and other Wireless systems are such as to preclude prior art approaches to speed-up mode circuits for conventional integer N synthesiZers or fractional ...
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP)
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP)

FQ2110571064
FQ2110571064

... In an inphase compensation scheme, the injected voltage is inphase with the supply voltage when the supply is balanced. By virtue of inphase injection, series VSC will mitigate the voltage sag condition by minimum injected voltage. The phasor diagram of Fig. 7 explains the operation of this scheme i ...
IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSR-JVSP)
IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSR-JVSP)

... to convert higher system rail voltages to low voltages at close proximity to the load. This allows for lower conduction loss through the system rails since currents will be significantly lower than the device load current. Thus, DC-DC “step-down” converters are required for this application. As impl ...
Synchronous Generator.
Synchronous Generator.

... electrical power, called synchronous generators or alternators.  They are usually large machines generating electrical power at hydro, nuclear, or thermal power stations.  Synchronous motors are built in large units compare to induction motors (Induction motors are cheaper for smaller ratings) and ...
Timers and Oscillators - Microwave Electronics Laboratory at UCSB
Timers and Oscillators - Microwave Electronics Laboratory at UCSB

... In many of the circuits you just built, the voltage across a timing capacitor is used to trigger a change in the circuit somewhere. This triggering event occurs when the capacitor voltage equals the turn-on voltage of the transistor. So the choice of transistor largely determines the threshold for s ...
Chapter 3 VOLTAGE CONTROL
Chapter 3 VOLTAGE CONTROL

... have adequate power capacity (in the low MW range for large alternator) and sufficient speed of response (rise time less than 0.1 sec.) There exists a variety of exciter types. In older power plants, the exciter consisted of a DC generator driven by the main shaft. This arrangement requires the tran ...
1 TESTING OF HALF WAVE, FULL WAVE AND BRIDGE
1 TESTING OF HALF WAVE, FULL WAVE AND BRIDGE

... Half wave rectifier is one which converts the ac into pulsating dc during one half of the cycle. It has poor ripple factor, conversion efficiency and voltage regulation. Full wave rectifier is one which converts the ac into pulsating dc during both cycles. For this process two diodes and centre tapp ...
RT8238A - Richtek Technology
RT8238A - Richtek Technology

... In diode emulation mode, the RT8238A automatically reduces switching frequency at light load conditions to maintain high efficiency. This reduction of frequency is achieved smoothly and without increasing VOUT ripple or load regulation. As the output current decreases from heavy load condition, the ...
AN-1992 LM27402 Evaluation Board (Rev. B)
AN-1992 LM27402 Evaluation Board (Rev. B)

... voltage range of 3V to 20V, input voltage feed-forward, and dual high current integrated N-channel MOSFET drivers make the LM27402 appropriate for high current intermediate bus system rails in point-ofload applications. A 0.6V ±1% internal voltage reference enables high accuracy and low voltage capa ...
FSD176MRT Green-Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPS™) Features
FSD176MRT Green-Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPS™) Features

Electrical Evaluation of the Taser M-26 Stun Weapon
Electrical Evaluation of the Taser M-26 Stun Weapon

Slide 1
Slide 1

Document
Document

... battery of voltage V0. The capacitance of C2 is twice that of C1. The capacitance of C3 is three times that of C1. The capacitors obtain charges Q1, Q2, and Q3. Q2 ...
AN-6300 - Fairchild
AN-6300 - Fairchild

... modulation to linearly decrease the switching frequency under light-load conditions. VFB, which is derived from the voltage feedback loop, is taken as the reference. In Figure 14, once VFB is lower than 2.1V, the tOFF-MIN time increases linearly with lower VFB. The valley voltage detection signal do ...
MC33094, Ignition Control
MC33094, Ignition Control

... The MC33094DW is designed for engine compartment use in 12 V automotive ignition applications to provide high performance control of the ignition coil when used with an appropriate Freescale Power Darlington Transistor. Engine control systems utilizing these devices for ignition coil control exhibit ...
AN-4108 A Fairchild Power Switch based on Switched Mode Power
AN-4108 A Fairchild Power Switch based on Switched Mode Power

... and 5.8V with the basic frequency of 25kHz. When the sync signal is applied or Vsync reaches at 7.2V, the voltage of Ct, Vct, starts to decrease toward the low threshold voltage, Vthl as shown in Figure 3-2. The oscillator output, Vck, outputs a high signal while Vct decreases. As soon as Vct comes ...
ADP2108 数据手册DataSheet 下载
ADP2108 数据手册DataSheet 下载

... cycle, the PFET switch is turned on, sending a positive voltage across the inductor. Current in the inductor increases until the current sense signal crosses the peak inductor current threshold that turns off the PFET switch and turns on the NFET synchronous rectifier. This sends a negative voltage ...
MAX1638 High-Speed Step-Down Controller with Synchronous Rectification for CPU Power General Description
MAX1638 High-Speed Step-Down Controller with Synchronous Rectification for CPU Power General Description

... multi-input open-loop comparator that sums three signals (Figure 2): the buffered feedback signal, the current-sense signal, and the slope-compensation ramp. This direct-summing configuration approaches ideal cycle-by-cycle control over the output voltage. The output voltage error signal is generate ...
MAX1809 3A, 1MHz, DDR Memory Termination Supply General Description Features
MAX1809 3A, 1MHz, DDR Memory Termination Supply General Description Features

Ultra low actuation voltage RF MEMS switch
Ultra low actuation voltage RF MEMS switch

S. Lim, J. Ranson, D.M. Otten, and D.J. Perreault, “Two-Stage Power Conversion Architecture for an LED Driver Circuit,” 2013 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference , pp. 854-861, March 2013.
S. Lim, J. Ranson, D.M. Otten, and D.J. Perreault, “Two-Stage Power Conversion Architecture for an LED Driver Circuit,” 2013 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference , pp. 854-861, March 2013.

... both S3/S5 and S4/S6 current path. Additionally, our system is designed to “merge” operation of the two stages. A benefit of such a “merged two-stage” architecture [9], [11] is that the second high-frequency stage can “soft charge/discharge” the capacitors in the SC stage, reducing loss and/or requi ...
DC2431A - Linear Technology
DC2431A - Linear Technology

... in terms of required design-, marketing-, and/or manufacturing-related protective considerations, including but not limited to product safety measures typically found in finished commercial goods. As a prototype, this product does not fall within the scope of the European Union directive on electrom ...
Suppression of transients across the tap windings of an auto
Suppression of transients across the tap windings of an auto

MAX17597 Evaluation Kit Evaluates: MAX17597 in a Step-Up (Boost) Configuration General Description
MAX17597 Evaluation Kit Evaluates: MAX17597 in a Step-Up (Boost) Configuration General Description

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Spark-gap transmitter



A spark-gap transmitter is a device that generates radio frequency electromagnetic waves using a spark gap.Spark gap transmitters were the first devices to demonstrate practical radio transmission, and were the standard technology for the first three decades of radio (1887–1916). Later, more efficient transmitters were developed based on rotary machines like the high-speed Alexanderson alternators and the static Poulsen Arc generators.Most operators, however, still preferred spark transmitters because of their uncomplicated design and because the carrier stopped when the telegraph key was released, which let the operator ""listen through"" for a reply. With other types of transmitter, the carrier could not be controlled so easily, and they required elaborate measures to modulate the carrier and to prevent transmitter leakage from de-sensitizing the receiver. After WWI, greatly improved transmitters based on vacuum tubes became available, which overcame these problems, and by the late 1920s the only spark transmitters still in regular operation were ""legacy"" installations on naval vessels. Even when vacuum tube based transmitters had been installed, many vessels retained their crude but reliable spark transmitters as an emergency backup. However, by 1940, the technology was no longer used for communication. Use of the spark-gap transmitter led to many radio operators being nicknamed ""Sparks"" long after they ceased using spark transmitters. Even today, the German verb funken, literally, ""to spark,"" also means ""to send a radio message or signal.""
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