
Venzo de Sabbata
... the Cambridge group consisting of Lasenby, Doran, and colleagues. The book seeks to not only present geometric algebra as a discipline within mathematical physics in its own right but to show the student how it can be applied to a large number of fundamental problems in physics, and especially how i ...
... the Cambridge group consisting of Lasenby, Doran, and colleagues. The book seeks to not only present geometric algebra as a discipline within mathematical physics in its own right but to show the student how it can be applied to a large number of fundamental problems in physics, and especially how i ...
The Biot-Savart operator and electrodynamics on
... flow V in a smoothly bounded region Ω of R3 . Taking the curl of B recovers the flow V , provided there is no time-dependence for this system. The Biot-Savart law can be extended to an operator which acts on all smooth vector fields V defined in Ω. Cantarella, DeTurck, and Gluck investigated its pro ...
... flow V in a smoothly bounded region Ω of R3 . Taking the curl of B recovers the flow V , provided there is no time-dependence for this system. The Biot-Savart law can be extended to an operator which acts on all smooth vector fields V defined in Ω. Cantarella, DeTurck, and Gluck investigated its pro ...
5 General Relativity with Tetrads
... 7. What is the tetrad-frame 4-velocity um of a person at rest in an orthonormal tetrad frame? 8. If the tetrad frame is accelerating (not in free-fall) does the 4-velocity um of a person continuously at rest in the tetrad frame change with time? Is it true that ∂t um = 0? Is it true that Dt um = 0? ...
... 7. What is the tetrad-frame 4-velocity um of a person at rest in an orthonormal tetrad frame? 8. If the tetrad frame is accelerating (not in free-fall) does the 4-velocity um of a person continuously at rest in the tetrad frame change with time? Is it true that ∂t um = 0? Is it true that Dt um = 0? ...
CHAPTER 1 VECTOR ANALYSIS
... Note that the vectors are treated as geometrical objects that are independent of any coordinate system. This concept of independence of a preferred coordinate system is developed in detail in the next section. The representation of vector A by an arrow suggests a second possibility. Arrow A (Fig. 1. ...
... Note that the vectors are treated as geometrical objects that are independent of any coordinate system. This concept of independence of a preferred coordinate system is developed in detail in the next section. The representation of vector A by an arrow suggests a second possibility. Arrow A (Fig. 1. ...
The most basic introduction to mechanics requires vector concepts
... The gradient is an associated generalization of the derivative for functions of position in a two, three, or n dimensional space. The gradient of a scalar function G is a vector function G (r ) that has, as its component in a direction, the rate of change of G with respect to distance, not with res ...
... The gradient is an associated generalization of the derivative for functions of position in a two, three, or n dimensional space. The gradient of a scalar function G is a vector function G (r ) that has, as its component in a direction, the rate of change of G with respect to distance, not with res ...
Vector Fields
... computer scales the lengths of the vectors so they are not too long and yet are proportional to their true lengths. ...
... computer scales the lengths of the vectors so they are not too long and yet are proportional to their true lengths. ...
Metric Spaces
... ordinary 3-space or, more generally, n-dimensional Euclidean space. The real line, plane, etc. are special cases of the general concept of “metric space’’ which is introduced in this chapter. We also introduce a convenient geometric language for dealing with so-called “topological” questions, which ...
... ordinary 3-space or, more generally, n-dimensional Euclidean space. The real line, plane, etc. are special cases of the general concept of “metric space’’ which is introduced in this chapter. We also introduce a convenient geometric language for dealing with so-called “topological” questions, which ...
Schutz A First Course in General Relativity(Second Edition).
... This book has evolved from lecture notes for a full-year undergraduate course in general relativity which I taught from 1975 to 1980, an experience which firmly convinced me that general relativity is not significantly more difficult for undergraduates to learn than the standard undergraduate-level ...
... This book has evolved from lecture notes for a full-year undergraduate course in general relativity which I taught from 1975 to 1980, an experience which firmly convinced me that general relativity is not significantly more difficult for undergraduates to learn than the standard undergraduate-level ...
Minkowski space

In mathematical physics, Minkowski space or Minkowski spacetime is a combination of Euclidean space and time into a four-dimensional manifold where the spacetime interval between any two events is independent of the inertial frame of reference in which they are recorded. Although initially developed by mathematician Hermann Minkowski for Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism, the mathematical structure of Minkowski spacetime was shown to be an immediate consequence of the postulates of special relativity.Minkowski space is closely associated with Einstein's theory of special relativity, and is the most common mathematical structure on which special relativity is formulated. While the individual components in Euclidean space and time will often differ due to length contraction and time dilation, in Minkowski spacetime, all frames of reference will agree on the total distance in spacetime between events. Because it treats time differently than the three spacial dimensions, Minkowski space differs from four-dimensional Euclidean space.The isometry group, preserving Euclidean distances of a Euclidean space equipped with the regular inner product is the Euclidean group. The analogous isometry group for Minkowski apace, preserving intervals of spacetime equipped with the associated non-positive definite bilinear form (here called the Minkowski inner product,) is the Poincaré group. The Minkowski inner product is defined as to yield the spacetime interval between two events when given their coordinate difference vector as argument.