Osmo- and thermo-adaptation in hyperthermophilic Archaea
... isolated from a variety of hot environments, most species originate from marine geothermal areas, hence they are slightly halophilic. The accumulation of low-molecular mass organic solutes, i. e., compatible solutes, is one of the most common strategies developed by cells to cope with fluctuations o ...
... isolated from a variety of hot environments, most species originate from marine geothermal areas, hence they are slightly halophilic. The accumulation of low-molecular mass organic solutes, i. e., compatible solutes, is one of the most common strategies developed by cells to cope with fluctuations o ...
Ozone decomposition
... above 105 °C. The gaseous ozone is characterized by different times of half-life, depending on the temperature (Table 1). The ozone structure is resonance stabilized, which is one of the reasons for its resistance against decomposition at low temperatures (Figure 2). In most reactions with inorganic ...
... above 105 °C. The gaseous ozone is characterized by different times of half-life, depending on the temperature (Table 1). The ozone structure is resonance stabilized, which is one of the reasons for its resistance against decomposition at low temperatures (Figure 2). In most reactions with inorganic ...
Glycogen
... (in the context of a trisaccharide unit) of the 4-mer limit branches to the nonreducing end of another branch (thereby enabling glycogen phosphorylase to finish off glycosidic bonds that it otherwise cannot access)—the enzyme also hydrolyzes the remaining glucose residue at the branch point (3) Phos ...
... (in the context of a trisaccharide unit) of the 4-mer limit branches to the nonreducing end of another branch (thereby enabling glycogen phosphorylase to finish off glycosidic bonds that it otherwise cannot access)—the enzyme also hydrolyzes the remaining glucose residue at the branch point (3) Phos ...
5 The structure and function of membrane proteins
... wrong I was and how wrong an undergraduate’s perception can be! The last 30 years have seen an explosion in the area of protein biochemistry so that my 1975 edition of Biochemistry by Albert Lehninger remains, perhaps, of historical interest only. The greatest change has occurred through the develop ...
... wrong I was and how wrong an undergraduate’s perception can be! The last 30 years have seen an explosion in the area of protein biochemistry so that my 1975 edition of Biochemistry by Albert Lehninger remains, perhaps, of historical interest only. The greatest change has occurred through the develop ...
novel aspects of carnitine function and metabolism
... It is generally assumed that medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) are oxidized in mitochondria independently from carnitine. However, the true contribution of the carnitine shuttle to the oxidation of MCFAs has remained elusive. We show that lauric acid, a MCFA, also depends on the carnitine shuttle to ...
... It is generally assumed that medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) are oxidized in mitochondria independently from carnitine. However, the true contribution of the carnitine shuttle to the oxidation of MCFAs has remained elusive. We show that lauric acid, a MCFA, also depends on the carnitine shuttle to ...
Sustained nonoxidative glucose utilization and depletion of
... tion dogs received a priming bolus of 20 &i of L-[1-‘4C]lactic acid (New England Nuclear Corp.; specific activity 55 mCi/mmol) followed by constant intravenous infusion at a rate of 25 &i/h. After an equilibration period of 25 min (16), arterial and venous samples were withdrawn as outlined to deter ...
... tion dogs received a priming bolus of 20 &i of L-[1-‘4C]lactic acid (New England Nuclear Corp.; specific activity 55 mCi/mmol) followed by constant intravenous infusion at a rate of 25 &i/h. After an equilibration period of 25 min (16), arterial and venous samples were withdrawn as outlined to deter ...
Synthesis and Characterization of Bis-Phosphine
... Ligands play a significant part in the removal of metal ions, whether for commercial gain, or cleaning of the environment.6 The fight against cancer is ongoing. Ligands also play a vital role in this battle. Important anti-tumor reagents such as cisplatin and its derivative carboplatin rely on uniqu ...
... Ligands play a significant part in the removal of metal ions, whether for commercial gain, or cleaning of the environment.6 The fight against cancer is ongoing. Ligands also play a vital role in this battle. Important anti-tumor reagents such as cisplatin and its derivative carboplatin rely on uniqu ...
Full-Text PDF
... disease, and cancer [10,11]. Like peroxisomes, mitochondria are also dynamic organelles that continuously adapt their number, morphology, and function to prevailing environmental conditions [12]. In mammals, these organelles play a central role in many metabolic processes including–among others–aden ...
... disease, and cancer [10,11]. Like peroxisomes, mitochondria are also dynamic organelles that continuously adapt their number, morphology, and function to prevailing environmental conditions [12]. In mammals, these organelles play a central role in many metabolic processes including–among others–aden ...
Metabolism and biochemical characteristics of yogurt bacteria
... and in central Europe. In many of these countries, yogurt is still manufactured using traditional procedures. Since the last world war, yogurt consumption has been steadily increasing not only in European countries, but also in the United States, enhancing its industrial-scale production. At present ...
... and in central Europe. In many of these countries, yogurt is still manufactured using traditional procedures. Since the last world war, yogurt consumption has been steadily increasing not only in European countries, but also in the United States, enhancing its industrial-scale production. At present ...
Atypical compounds of gases, which have been called `noble`{
... form the L–L bond. Thus stability of nonmetal–Xe bonds is essentially governed by the electron transfer reactions, just as in the case of hydrides,37 oxides, and many other families of compounds with high oxidation states of chemical elements. In practice, these and similar reactions are most troubl ...
... form the L–L bond. Thus stability of nonmetal–Xe bonds is essentially governed by the electron transfer reactions, just as in the case of hydrides,37 oxides, and many other families of compounds with high oxidation states of chemical elements. In practice, these and similar reactions are most troubl ...
Lactate distribution in culture medium of human myometrial biopsies
... substrate at term pregnancy. It seems that smooth muscle cells in uterus are capable of producing lactate at a higher rate under aerobic conditions (20) compared with striated muscle cells. Lactate has been thought to cause muscle fatigue, but during the last decade evidence has been presented to su ...
... substrate at term pregnancy. It seems that smooth muscle cells in uterus are capable of producing lactate at a higher rate under aerobic conditions (20) compared with striated muscle cells. Lactate has been thought to cause muscle fatigue, but during the last decade evidence has been presented to su ...
Reactions of 1, 10-phenanthroline with hydrogen, lithium, sodium
... the ultra-violet region. However, most of the complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline exhibit absorption bands which are only slightly changed from the ligand bands. In cases like these it is convenient to determine sta bility constants if one can be assured that only two species the ligand and one of com ...
... the ultra-violet region. However, most of the complexes of 1,10-phenanthroline exhibit absorption bands which are only slightly changed from the ligand bands. In cases like these it is convenient to determine sta bility constants if one can be assured that only two species the ligand and one of com ...
The shikimate pathway in apicomplexan parasites: Implications for
... comprises about 10% by weight of decaying leaf litter, is used as an abundant carbon source in many fungi (33). Whereas the fungal DHQase of the quinate pathway is encoded in a cluster of eight genes that is transcriptionally regulated in response to the presence of quinate, the respective enzyme of ...
... comprises about 10% by weight of decaying leaf litter, is used as an abundant carbon source in many fungi (33). Whereas the fungal DHQase of the quinate pathway is encoded in a cluster of eight genes that is transcriptionally regulated in response to the presence of quinate, the respective enzyme of ...
Lanthanides and actinides. Annual survey of their organometallic
... affords a crystalline form with less coordinated THF, [(C5Me5)(C2B9H,,)ScH1, [Li(THF)2(C6H,CH3)3,J, whose structure reveals that the two anionic [(C5Me,) (C2B,H,,)ScH] fragments are held together by reciprocal B-H dative bonds from the dicarbollide ligand to the electron deficient scandium. The pote ...
... affords a crystalline form with less coordinated THF, [(C5Me5)(C2B9H,,)ScH1, [Li(THF)2(C6H,CH3)3,J, whose structure reveals that the two anionic [(C5Me,) (C2B,H,,)ScH] fragments are held together by reciprocal B-H dative bonds from the dicarbollide ligand to the electron deficient scandium. The pote ...
Full Book
... scientists may give the chimps nutrients in the form of nuts, berries, and vitamins to see if they are dying from a lack of food. This test is the experiment. If fewer chimps die, then the experiment shows that the chimps may have died from not having enough food. This is the evidence. • Scientists ...
... scientists may give the chimps nutrients in the form of nuts, berries, and vitamins to see if they are dying from a lack of food. This test is the experiment. If fewer chimps die, then the experiment shows that the chimps may have died from not having enough food. This is the evidence. • Scientists ...
Structurally simple
... cases mentioned above). Crystal-to-crystal transformations are rare but have been observed in other complexes of this type.47,48 The greater flexibility of these frameworks are thought to have advantages over their more rigid analogues in terms of molecular recognition, separation and sensing applic ...
... cases mentioned above). Crystal-to-crystal transformations are rare but have been observed in other complexes of this type.47,48 The greater flexibility of these frameworks are thought to have advantages over their more rigid analogues in terms of molecular recognition, separation and sensing applic ...
Biological ontologies for human functional annotation and
... “The GENIA ontology is intended to be a formal model of cell signaling reactions in human. ... use of the GENIA ontology is to provide a basis for integrated view of multiple databases“ ...
... “The GENIA ontology is intended to be a formal model of cell signaling reactions in human. ... use of the GENIA ontology is to provide a basis for integrated view of multiple databases“ ...
The role of homocysteine in endothelial dysfunction
... damage to vascular cells and tissue through an oxidative mechanism that damages lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins [15,18,19,23,34]. An alternative hypothesis to that of a direct effect of reduced homocysteine on endothelial cell injury is that homocysteine is acting indirectly through its oxidatio ...
... damage to vascular cells and tissue through an oxidative mechanism that damages lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins [15,18,19,23,34]. An alternative hypothesis to that of a direct effect of reduced homocysteine on endothelial cell injury is that homocysteine is acting indirectly through its oxidatio ...
- Boreskov Institute of Catalysis
... This issue of the Annual Review of the Boreskov Institute of Catalysis in the main fields of its academic and R&D activities covers the year 2009 and follows the scheme which has been accepted for such kinds of reviews many years ago. The Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, or BIC, is well known to exp ...
... This issue of the Annual Review of the Boreskov Institute of Catalysis in the main fields of its academic and R&D activities covers the year 2009 and follows the scheme which has been accepted for such kinds of reviews many years ago. The Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, or BIC, is well known to exp ...
Characterization of Low Energy Charge Transfer Transitions in
... demonstrating that this feature arises from a RuII/tpy MLCT absorption. The energies of the MLCT band I components of the [Ru(tpy)(bpy)X]m+ complexes are proportional to the differences between the potentials for the first oxidation and the first reduction waves of the complexes. Time-dependent density ...
... demonstrating that this feature arises from a RuII/tpy MLCT absorption. The energies of the MLCT band I components of the [Ru(tpy)(bpy)X]m+ complexes are proportional to the differences between the potentials for the first oxidation and the first reduction waves of the complexes. Time-dependent density ...
Brief Contents - Educhimica.it
... 7. An element is a fundamental chemical part of a substance; there are about 115 known elements. A compound is a combination of elements that acts as a different substance; there are over 50 million known substances. 9. a. When salt is mixed with pepper, both can be seen clearly. Hence, the mixture i ...
... 7. An element is a fundamental chemical part of a substance; there are about 115 known elements. A compound is a combination of elements that acts as a different substance; there are over 50 million known substances. 9. a. When salt is mixed with pepper, both can be seen clearly. Hence, the mixture i ...
4134gdisk doc..4134gdisk chapter .. Page501
... parsley FdI is reduced by the attachment of (1,4,8,12-tetraazacyclopentadecane)chromium at position A by about 200 mV.17 The point of attachment is some 18 Å from the S(Cys-77) in the active site. A further reduction (beyond that required for the attachment of the CrIIIL as CrIIL) allows the formati ...
... parsley FdI is reduced by the attachment of (1,4,8,12-tetraazacyclopentadecane)chromium at position A by about 200 mV.17 The point of attachment is some 18 Å from the S(Cys-77) in the active site. A further reduction (beyond that required for the attachment of the CrIIIL as CrIIL) allows the formati ...
Preparation and structural characterization of group 1 metal
... obtained thus far from these reactions. Attempts to isolate solvent-free [OPO]Li2 from reactions conducted in toluene or pentane solutions also led to ill-defined product, the 1H NMR spectra of which are often featureless. Nevertheless, the lithiation of H2[OPO] in these solvents is essentially clean ...
... obtained thus far from these reactions. Attempts to isolate solvent-free [OPO]Li2 from reactions conducted in toluene or pentane solutions also led to ill-defined product, the 1H NMR spectra of which are often featureless. Nevertheless, the lithiation of H2[OPO] in these solvents is essentially clean ...
Evolution of metal ions in biological systems
Evolution of Metal Ions in Biological Systems refers to the incorporation of metallic ions into living organisms and how it has changed over time. Metal ions have been associated with biological systems for billions of years, but only in the last century have scientists began to truly appreciate the scale of their influence. Major (iron, manganese, magnesium and zinc) and minor (copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten) metal ions have symbiotically aligned with living organisms and the associated complexes have evolved over time.