The present status of the problem of neutrino theory is briefly
... But the neutrino-like particle, according to the present experimental data, must have a mass. Therefore, it must be described not by the equations (4.7) or (4.8), but by the Dirac-like equation with a mass term. ...
... But the neutrino-like particle, according to the present experimental data, must have a mass. Therefore, it must be described not by the equations (4.7) or (4.8), but by the Dirac-like equation with a mass term. ...
INTRINSIC SYMMETRIES
... useful because it leads to separation of the bulk degrees of freedom which are connected with external motion, like rotation or translations, from intrinsic motion, as for example nuclear vibrations. A rather general definition of fixed-body frame is described by Biedenharn and Louck [1]. Another id ...
... useful because it leads to separation of the bulk degrees of freedom which are connected with external motion, like rotation or translations, from intrinsic motion, as for example nuclear vibrations. A rather general definition of fixed-body frame is described by Biedenharn and Louck [1]. Another id ...
How to Get Atoms Really, Really Cold Laser Cooling
... computational physics, laser physics, solid-state physics, and ...
... computational physics, laser physics, solid-state physics, and ...
Photon Localization Revisited
... without the spatial localization of detected photons. Fortunately, we have found in our joint paper [1] an affirmative answer to this long-standing problem on the basis of the group-theoretical concept of imprimitivity systems utilized in [3]: the above-mentioned conflict is resolved by the presence ...
... without the spatial localization of detected photons. Fortunately, we have found in our joint paper [1] an affirmative answer to this long-standing problem on the basis of the group-theoretical concept of imprimitivity systems utilized in [3]: the above-mentioned conflict is resolved by the presence ...
Development of electrostatically controlled quantum Hall
... Search for non-Abelian excitations is motivated by both scientific curiosity and a practical desire to alleviate decoherence problems of conventional qubits[1, 2]. While current efforts are primarily focused on the discovery of Majorana fermions, it is understood that braiding of Majoranas is not s ...
... Search for non-Abelian excitations is motivated by both scientific curiosity and a practical desire to alleviate decoherence problems of conventional qubits[1, 2]. While current efforts are primarily focused on the discovery of Majorana fermions, it is understood that braiding of Majoranas is not s ...
PPT
... To obtain the exact eigenstates and associated allowed energies for a particle in the HO potential, we would need to solve this SEQ: ...
... To obtain the exact eigenstates and associated allowed energies for a particle in the HO potential, we would need to solve this SEQ: ...
The Uncertainty Principle for dummies
... don’t commute. So we can immediately see, as above, that a state with definite values of Px and X cannot exist. If it did, the value of (XPx Px X) acting on this state would be zero: but it cannot be zero; it must be ih̄ times the original state (no matter what state it acts on). The representation ...
... don’t commute. So we can immediately see, as above, that a state with definite values of Px and X cannot exist. If it did, the value of (XPx Px X) acting on this state would be zero: but it cannot be zero; it must be ih̄ times the original state (no matter what state it acts on). The representation ...
Second-order coupling between excited atoms and surface polaritons
... forces between atoms or molecules and macroscopic bodies are manifestations of the zero-point energy of the electromagnetic vacuum [1]. They occur even if the atom and the macroscopic body are in their respective (unpolarized) ground states [2] and can be understood—at least, in the nonretarded limi ...
... forces between atoms or molecules and macroscopic bodies are manifestations of the zero-point energy of the electromagnetic vacuum [1]. They occur even if the atom and the macroscopic body are in their respective (unpolarized) ground states [2] and can be understood—at least, in the nonretarded limi ...
Energy transfer of a chaotic particle in a classical oscillating
... in this case that we have a mixed structure phase space, with periodic, quasiperiodic and chaotic orbits. In Fig. 1b we show the energy, corresponding to a chaotic orbit in Fig. 1a, as a function of n. We see that en varies erratically with n, but is bounded due to the presence of KAM barriers seen ...
... in this case that we have a mixed structure phase space, with periodic, quasiperiodic and chaotic orbits. In Fig. 1b we show the energy, corresponding to a chaotic orbit in Fig. 1a, as a function of n. We see that en varies erratically with n, but is bounded due to the presence of KAM barriers seen ...
Black-Box Superconducting Circuit Quantization
... with uncontrolled (environmental) degrees of freedom must be minimized. In circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) [2,11,13], this is achieved by coupling the JJs to a common microwave environment with a desired discrete mode structure. So far such systems have mostly been described theoretically by ...
... with uncontrolled (environmental) degrees of freedom must be minimized. In circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) [2,11,13], this is achieved by coupling the JJs to a common microwave environment with a desired discrete mode structure. So far such systems have mostly been described theoretically by ...
QUANTUM SPIN GLASSES IN FINITE DIMENSIONS
... a longitudinal magnetic field used to define magnetic susceptibilities but usually set to zero. Obviously, for Γ = 0 the quantum-mechanical Hamiltonian (1) is diagonal in the z-representaion of the spin operators, which in this case can simply be replaced by their eigenvalues ±1 (after rescaling the ...
... a longitudinal magnetic field used to define magnetic susceptibilities but usually set to zero. Obviously, for Γ = 0 the quantum-mechanical Hamiltonian (1) is diagonal in the z-representaion of the spin operators, which in this case can simply be replaced by their eigenvalues ±1 (after rescaling the ...
Some Applications of Isotope - Based Technologies: Human
... sphere (for details see, also [9]). Besides the quantum computer with its mentioned applications quantum information science yields a couple of other useful applications which might be easier to realize. The best example is quantum cryptography (see, e.g. [18]) which enables one to transmit informat ...
... sphere (for details see, also [9]). Besides the quantum computer with its mentioned applications quantum information science yields a couple of other useful applications which might be easier to realize. The best example is quantum cryptography (see, e.g. [18]) which enables one to transmit informat ...
Were Bohr and Einstein both right
... Universal Semantic Computation is Quantum Mechanical and must be nilpotent • Moreover this phenomena of the quantum vacuum, which cannot itself be measured, is now explained, because in the urs it constitutes the measurement standard for the whole universe and so quite logically there is nothing fu ...
... Universal Semantic Computation is Quantum Mechanical and must be nilpotent • Moreover this phenomena of the quantum vacuum, which cannot itself be measured, is now explained, because in the urs it constitutes the measurement standard for the whole universe and so quite logically there is nothing fu ...
CAUSALITY AND DISPERSION RELATIONS
... Analytic Properties of the Total Scattering Amplitude High-Energy Behavior of the Scattering Amplitude Dispersion Relations for Fixed Momentum Transfer Analyticity in Momentum Transfer and Finite Range of the Interaction References ...
... Analytic Properties of the Total Scattering Amplitude High-Energy Behavior of the Scattering Amplitude Dispersion Relations for Fixed Momentum Transfer Analyticity in Momentum Transfer and Finite Range of the Interaction References ...
Fall
... Course strategy for year 1 is to prepare for the Preliminary Exam in June. You will answer 6 question, 3 from your area and 3 from outside of your area. The 3 outside of your area cannot be in the same area. Below is a list of relevant courses for students in the Circuits and Devices area color code ...
... Course strategy for year 1 is to prepare for the Preliminary Exam in June. You will answer 6 question, 3 from your area and 3 from outside of your area. The 3 outside of your area cannot be in the same area. Below is a list of relevant courses for students in the Circuits and Devices area color code ...
Plasma Process 7 dif..
... moving the other direction – in some sort of random walk type of fashion. We find – not surprisingly – that this means that if we where to be able to ‘paint’ some of the particles in the species in a certain area, we would see these painted particles drift – or diffuse – away from that area. This di ...
... moving the other direction – in some sort of random walk type of fashion. We find – not surprisingly – that this means that if we where to be able to ‘paint’ some of the particles in the species in a certain area, we would see these painted particles drift – or diffuse – away from that area. This di ...
Renormalization group
In theoretical physics, the renormalization group (RG) refers to a mathematical apparatus that allows systematic investigation of the changes of a physical system as viewed at different distance scales. In particle physics, it reflects the changes in the underlying force laws (codified in a quantum field theory) as the energy scale at which physical processes occur varies, energy/momentum and resolution distance scales being effectively conjugate under the uncertainty principle (cf. Compton wavelength).A change in scale is called a ""scale transformation"". The renormalization group is intimately related to ""scale invariance"" and ""conformal invariance"", symmetries in which a system appears the same at all scales (so-called self-similarity). (However, note that scale transformations are included in conformal transformations, in general: the latter including additional symmetry generators associated with special conformal transformations.)As the scale varies, it is as if one is changing the magnifying power of a notional microscope viewing the system. In so-called renormalizable theories, the system at one scale will generally be seen to consist of self-similar copies of itself when viewed at a smaller scale, with different parameters describing the components of the system. The components, or fundamental variables, may relate to atoms, elementary particles, atomic spins, etc. The parameters of the theory typically describe the interactions of the components. These may be variable ""couplings"" which measure the strength of various forces, or mass parameters themselves. The components themselves may appear to be composed of more of the self-same components as one goes to shorter distances.For example, in quantum electrodynamics (QED), an electron appears to be composed of electrons, positrons (anti-electrons) and photons, as one views it at higher resolution, at very short distances. The electron at such short distances has a slightly different electric charge than does the ""dressed electron"" seen at large distances, and this change, or ""running,"" in the value of the electric charge is determined by the renormalization group equation.