Exciton polarizability in semiconductor nanocrystals
... been examined using Stark shift measurements13–15 . It is desirable to have a direct experimental determination of the polarizability— ...
... been examined using Stark shift measurements13–15 . It is desirable to have a direct experimental determination of the polarizability— ...
QCD Matter Phase Diagram
... Figure 2: The difference in the change of flux when separating two electrons or two quarks. In first case field lines are spreading wide around (to infinity) as in the second they are kept together, because the field strength does not fade away with increasing distance. So at one moment becomes ene ...
... Figure 2: The difference in the change of flux when separating two electrons or two quarks. In first case field lines are spreading wide around (to infinity) as in the second they are kept together, because the field strength does not fade away with increasing distance. So at one moment becomes ene ...
Motion Derivatives and Anti-derivatives
... If you take the derivative of a constant, for example 3, we could write that in the form given by the power rule as 3t0, since t0 = 1. Then apply the power rule…0*3t-1 which equals zero. So the derivative of a constant is always zero! When we take the anti-derivative we have to be sure to put the co ...
... If you take the derivative of a constant, for example 3, we could write that in the form given by the power rule as 3t0, since t0 = 1. Then apply the power rule…0*3t-1 which equals zero. So the derivative of a constant is always zero! When we take the anti-derivative we have to be sure to put the co ...
Switching via quantum activation: A parametrically modulated oscillator 兲
... oscillator was studied experimentally for electrons in Penning traps 关35,36兴. The measured switching rate 关36兴 agreed quantitatively with the theory 关37兴. A quantum parametric oscillator also does not have detailed balance in the general case. The results presented below show that breaking the speci ...
... oscillator was studied experimentally for electrons in Penning traps 关35,36兴. The measured switching rate 关36兴 agreed quantitatively with the theory 关37兴. A quantum parametric oscillator also does not have detailed balance in the general case. The results presented below show that breaking the speci ...
Environment-Assisted Quantum Walks in Photosynthetic Energy
... Rmn the distance between site m and n and µm the transition dipole moment of chromophore m [2]. Note that in systems where chromophores are closely packed (e.g., the FMO complex of green sulfur bacteria [21]) or the site energies are (almost) resonant (e.g., the LH1 ring of purple bacteria [2]), m ...
... Rmn the distance between site m and n and µm the transition dipole moment of chromophore m [2]. Note that in systems where chromophores are closely packed (e.g., the FMO complex of green sulfur bacteria [21]) or the site energies are (almost) resonant (e.g., the LH1 ring of purple bacteria [2]), m ...
![arXiv:1211.4848v3 [hep-th] 6 Mar 2013](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/002976612_1-c114b3494a6b9acb423ac0de2071eec6-300x300.png)
On the adequacy of the Redfield equation and related approaches
... the protein environment in EET processes. In the original paper of Redfield19,20 the zeroth-order Hamiltonian for the perturbation expansion describes only the system and does not provide any information about the temperature environment. In some of the literature,11,15,44–47 on the other hand, a di ...
... the protein environment in EET processes. In the original paper of Redfield19,20 the zeroth-order Hamiltonian for the perturbation expansion describes only the system and does not provide any information about the temperature environment. In some of the literature,11,15,44–47 on the other hand, a di ...
Renormalization group
In theoretical physics, the renormalization group (RG) refers to a mathematical apparatus that allows systematic investigation of the changes of a physical system as viewed at different distance scales. In particle physics, it reflects the changes in the underlying force laws (codified in a quantum field theory) as the energy scale at which physical processes occur varies, energy/momentum and resolution distance scales being effectively conjugate under the uncertainty principle (cf. Compton wavelength).A change in scale is called a ""scale transformation"". The renormalization group is intimately related to ""scale invariance"" and ""conformal invariance"", symmetries in which a system appears the same at all scales (so-called self-similarity). (However, note that scale transformations are included in conformal transformations, in general: the latter including additional symmetry generators associated with special conformal transformations.)As the scale varies, it is as if one is changing the magnifying power of a notional microscope viewing the system. In so-called renormalizable theories, the system at one scale will generally be seen to consist of self-similar copies of itself when viewed at a smaller scale, with different parameters describing the components of the system. The components, or fundamental variables, may relate to atoms, elementary particles, atomic spins, etc. The parameters of the theory typically describe the interactions of the components. These may be variable ""couplings"" which measure the strength of various forces, or mass parameters themselves. The components themselves may appear to be composed of more of the self-same components as one goes to shorter distances.For example, in quantum electrodynamics (QED), an electron appears to be composed of electrons, positrons (anti-electrons) and photons, as one views it at higher resolution, at very short distances. The electron at such short distances has a slightly different electric charge than does the ""dressed electron"" seen at large distances, and this change, or ""running,"" in the value of the electric charge is determined by the renormalization group equation.