Synonymous codon bias and functional constraint on GC3
... occurring with high frequency also tend to be represented by more codons, thus facilitating degeneracy in the code that might additionally facilitate functional variation in unknown ways. While it is now clear that natural selection acts on synonymous codons (10,11), the exact molecular traits upon ...
... occurring with high frequency also tend to be represented by more codons, thus facilitating degeneracy in the code that might additionally facilitate functional variation in unknown ways. While it is now clear that natural selection acts on synonymous codons (10,11), the exact molecular traits upon ...
Advanced Bacterial Conjugation Kit
... resistance to antibiotics is a type of genetic recombination that enables the new recombinant bacterial cell to express resistance to an antibiotic to which it was formerly sensitive. While bacterial chromosomes normally carry all the genes necessary for growth and reproduction, bacteria also contai ...
... resistance to antibiotics is a type of genetic recombination that enables the new recombinant bacterial cell to express resistance to an antibiotic to which it was formerly sensitive. While bacterial chromosomes normally carry all the genes necessary for growth and reproduction, bacteria also contai ...
The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19
... Figure S1: Chromosome 11 recombination rate versus sequence-based physical distance. Markers from the deCODE genetic map were aligned to the chromosome and the average recombination rate was calculated for each 1 Mb window along its length. Female, male, and sex-averaged recombination rates are indi ...
... Figure S1: Chromosome 11 recombination rate versus sequence-based physical distance. Markers from the deCODE genetic map were aligned to the chromosome and the average recombination rate was calculated for each 1 Mb window along its length. Female, male, and sex-averaged recombination rates are indi ...
Discovery of MLL1 binding units, their localization to CpG Islands
... Background: Mixed Lineage Leukemia 1 (MLL1) is a mammalian ortholog of the Drosophila Trithorax. In Drosophila, Trithorax complexes transmit the memory of active genes to daughter cells through interactions with Trithorax Response Elements (TREs). However, despite their functional importance, nothin ...
... Background: Mixed Lineage Leukemia 1 (MLL1) is a mammalian ortholog of the Drosophila Trithorax. In Drosophila, Trithorax complexes transmit the memory of active genes to daughter cells through interactions with Trithorax Response Elements (TREs). However, despite their functional importance, nothin ...
Trachemys scripta elegans Red-Eared Turtle ( Fc)
... (encoded by the g and ε genes, respectively) expressed only by mammals. Because of the functional similarities and relatively high levels of sequence homology between y, g and ε genes, the y gene is thought to be the evolutionary precursor of the mammalian g and ε genes and may have diversified thro ...
... (encoded by the g and ε genes, respectively) expressed only by mammals. Because of the functional similarities and relatively high levels of sequence homology between y, g and ε genes, the y gene is thought to be the evolutionary precursor of the mammalian g and ε genes and may have diversified thro ...
Genomic patterns of species diversity and divergence in Eucalyptus
... BayeScan was also used to identify outlier loci in each of 15 pair-wise species comparisons. This program uses a Bayesian method to identify markers with FST coefficients significantly different from the distribution of values expected under neutral theory (Foll & Gaggiotti, 2008). To avoid biasing ...
... BayeScan was also used to identify outlier loci in each of 15 pair-wise species comparisons. This program uses a Bayesian method to identify markers with FST coefficients significantly different from the distribution of values expected under neutral theory (Foll & Gaggiotti, 2008). To avoid biasing ...
Supplementary Methods S2: Exome Sequencing
... finer details of some alignment can only be determined in the presence of the additional evidence from other reads at the locus. This problem manifests itself predominantly where the actual sequence contains indels. For instance, single read aligner normally would not place an indel near the end of ...
... finer details of some alignment can only be determined in the presence of the additional evidence from other reads at the locus. This problem manifests itself predominantly where the actual sequence contains indels. For instance, single read aligner normally would not place an indel near the end of ...
model for Escherichia coli chromosome packaging supports
... chromosome have been suggested, including intranucleoid interactions such (i) macromolecular crowding (5), (ii) DNA supercoiling (6) or (iii) protein–DNA interactions (7–9) as well as explicit mechanisms of external positioning such as (iv) cellular confinement (3,10) or (v) tethering of the chromoso ...
... chromosome have been suggested, including intranucleoid interactions such (i) macromolecular crowding (5), (ii) DNA supercoiling (6) or (iii) protein–DNA interactions (7–9) as well as explicit mechanisms of external positioning such as (iv) cellular confinement (3,10) or (v) tethering of the chromoso ...
Products of Modern Biotechnology
... a man-made gene was used to manufacture a human protein in a bacteria for the first time. Biotech companies and universities were off to the races, and the world would never be the same again. In 1978, in the laboratory of Herbert Boyer at the University of California at San Francisco, a synthetic v ...
... a man-made gene was used to manufacture a human protein in a bacteria for the first time. Biotech companies and universities were off to the races, and the world would never be the same again. In 1978, in the laboratory of Herbert Boyer at the University of California at San Francisco, a synthetic v ...
Antibiotic resistance genes and identification of staphylococci
... Since the plates used for isolation contained only one antimicrobial agent, the resistance pattern of each staphylococcal isolate was established for the other antibiotics. A close correspondence between resistance and PCR results was found for erythromycin, gentamycin, penicillin G and tetracycline ...
... Since the plates used for isolation contained only one antimicrobial agent, the resistance pattern of each staphylococcal isolate was established for the other antibiotics. A close correspondence between resistance and PCR results was found for erythromycin, gentamycin, penicillin G and tetracycline ...
Flowering-Time Genes Modulate the Response to
... were carried out in long days, except for gai-1 and FRI-Sf2, which were analyzed in short days, because they show a much stronger phenotype in short days. Crosses: The late-flowering strains containing mutations induced in the Ler background were crossed to a 35S::LFY line generated in the same back ...
... were carried out in long days, except for gai-1 and FRI-Sf2, which were analyzed in short days, because they show a much stronger phenotype in short days. Crosses: The late-flowering strains containing mutations induced in the Ler background were crossed to a 35S::LFY line generated in the same back ...
Loci sarA and/or agr by the Genes Regulated Staphylococcus
... The organism causes a variety of clinical manifestations, ranging from localized skin infections to severe sepsis, and is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infection (3). Despite advances in antibacterial chemotherapy, S. aureus strains have demonstrated resistance to all currently available anti ...
... The organism causes a variety of clinical manifestations, ranging from localized skin infections to severe sepsis, and is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infection (3). Despite advances in antibacterial chemotherapy, S. aureus strains have demonstrated resistance to all currently available anti ...
Bioinformatics Course Notes (Ming Li)
... The thick dashed curve is the sensitivity of BLAST, seed weight 11. From low to high, the solid curves are the sensitivity of PH II using 1, 2, 4, 8 weight 11 coding region seeds, and the thin dashed curves ...
... The thick dashed curve is the sensitivity of BLAST, seed weight 11. From low to high, the solid curves are the sensitivity of PH II using 1, 2, 4, 8 weight 11 coding region seeds, and the thin dashed curves ...
Guidelines for Human Gene Nomenclature (1997)
... gene) to which a name is being attached and then tracking the change of that concept over time. In one of the most thought-provoking talks for many participants, Carl Price (Rutgers) described the system of the Commission Plant Gene Nomenclature (CPGN) system. Angiosperms, with the ability and prope ...
... gene) to which a name is being attached and then tracking the change of that concept over time. In one of the most thought-provoking talks for many participants, Carl Price (Rutgers) described the system of the Commission Plant Gene Nomenclature (CPGN) system. Angiosperms, with the ability and prope ...
Two Anthranilate Synthase Genes in Arabidopsis
... ASAl and ASA2 are shown in Figure 4. For each gene, protein translation was assumed to begin at the first AUG codon downstream of the transcription start site(s). The ASAl gene is capable of encoding a protein of 595 amino acids with calculated molecular mass of 66212 D; ASA2 can encode a 69711-D pr ...
... ASAl and ASA2 are shown in Figure 4. For each gene, protein translation was assumed to begin at the first AUG codon downstream of the transcription start site(s). The ASAl gene is capable of encoding a protein of 595 amino acids with calculated molecular mass of 66212 D; ASA2 can encode a 69711-D pr ...
Copy number variants and genetic traits: closer to the resolution of
... to several megabases of DNA per event, adding up to a significant fraction of the genome57–59. The discovery of extensive copy number variation in the genomes of normal individuals provides new hypotheses to account for the phenotypic variability among inherited (Mendelian and polygenic) disorders a ...
... to several megabases of DNA per event, adding up to a significant fraction of the genome57–59. The discovery of extensive copy number variation in the genomes of normal individuals provides new hypotheses to account for the phenotypic variability among inherited (Mendelian and polygenic) disorders a ...
Cavy Genetics - British Cavy Council
... in the parents and try to ensure that between them they have all the good points you are seeking in the offspring’) probably comprise most of the knowledge of genetics that you need. However, if you are considering how you might improve one of the less popular breeds by crossing to another breed; if ...
... in the parents and try to ensure that between them they have all the good points you are seeking in the offspring’) probably comprise most of the knowledge of genetics that you need. However, if you are considering how you might improve one of the less popular breeds by crossing to another breed; if ...
Codon usage bias from tRNA`s point of view
... genomes. This suggests an optimization of the translation machinery to use a small subset of optimal codons and anticodons in fast-growing bacteria and in highly expressed genes. As a result, the overrepresented codons in highly expressed genes tend to be the same in very different genomes to match ...
... genomes. This suggests an optimization of the translation machinery to use a small subset of optimal codons and anticodons in fast-growing bacteria and in highly expressed genes. As a result, the overrepresented codons in highly expressed genes tend to be the same in very different genomes to match ...
Power Point - Microbial Genome Program
... – Both sequences are examined to see if they match any other homologs in other genomes. – These usually have been verified. Only one is viable. – When this problem is solved, we edit the existing information. ...
... – Both sequences are examined to see if they match any other homologs in other genomes. – These usually have been verified. Only one is viable. – When this problem is solved, we edit the existing information. ...
Do nonasterid holoparasitic flowering plants have plastid genomes?
... Past work involving the plastid genome (plastome) of holoparasitic plants has been confined to Scrophulariaceae (or Orobanchaceae) which have truncated plastomes owing to loss of photosynthetic and other genes. Nonasterid holoparasites from Balanophoraceae (Corynaea), Hydnoraceae (Hydnora) and Cytin ...
... Past work involving the plastid genome (plastome) of holoparasitic plants has been confined to Scrophulariaceae (or Orobanchaceae) which have truncated plastomes owing to loss of photosynthetic and other genes. Nonasterid holoparasites from Balanophoraceae (Corynaea), Hydnoraceae (Hydnora) and Cytin ...