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slides
slides

... •  Primer  on  gene
Dynamics of transcription and mRNA export
Dynamics of transcription and mRNA export

... between transcription factor binding and gene expression, although highly reproducible, varied greatly from gene to gene and did not seem to depend on specific transcription factors but rather on the target gene [7]. Although these findings correlating the binding of transcription factors to their ...
Ch. 10 & 12 Powerpoint
Ch. 10 & 12 Powerpoint

... Problem: Sex-linked 7. A color blind father and a mother who carries the color blind trait (b) have a boy and a girl. What are the percent chances of the children being color blind? A carrier for color blindness? ...
Chapter 16 Other RNA Processing Events
Chapter 16 Other RNA Processing Events

... Destruction of 25 nt RNA with micrococcal nuclease blocks reaction. Hammond et al. 2000. An RNA-directed nuclease mediates post-trancriptional gene silencing in Drosophila cells. Nature 404:293-296 Figure is not in Weaver 4th but is mentioned on pg 501-502. ...
Masters_Thesis_Final - JScholarship
Masters_Thesis_Final - JScholarship

... Although there is no universal method or marker to identify all regulatory elements, we know of few biological properties and functional annotations that hint toward the locations of regulators. Conservation is considered one of these. If a region of the genome is conserved across species, it may ha ...
Patterns of Inheritance
Patterns of Inheritance

... chromosomes, they sort independently of each other during meiosis • Crossing over allows genes on the same chromosome to sort independently • The tendency for alleles on one chromosome to be inherited together is called genetic linkage…the closer the 2 genes are on a chromosome, the greater the gene ...
Conditional probability
Conditional probability

... sample two pens. Let A be the event that the first pen is red or green, and B the event that the second pen is red or green. We have seen that if the sampling is done with replacement then P(A) = P(B) = 1/2 and P(A ∩ B) = 1/4. Informally this can be expressed as “If I know that A has happened then P ...
Exercises Biological databases PART ensembl
Exercises Biological databases PART ensembl

... In this exercise we will discover more about ensemble, next to ncbi one of the most important databases in molecular biology (the European counterpart of NCBI). Go the the ensembl home page “The Ensembl project produces genome databases for vertebrates and other eukaryotic species, and makes this in ...
complex patterns of inheritance
complex patterns of inheritance

... nearly all traits are influenced by many genes. For example, in both plants and animals, height is affected by genes that encode proteins involved in the production of growth hormones, cell division, the uptake of nutrients, metabolism, and many other functions. A defect in any of these genes is lik ...
reviews - UO Blogs
reviews - UO Blogs

... Box 1 | Advantages of Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism Many of the genetic pathways that guide basic developmental processes in vertebrates and invertebrates have remained largely intact during evolution. This has greatly accelerated the analysis of vertebrate development, as insights gai ...
Human Genetics Course Advisor: Prof Jane Farrar TR073
Human Genetics Course Advisor: Prof Jane Farrar TR073

... We know much more now about the structure and evolution of genomes than we did just a few years ago. These lectures explore some of the findings that have come out of very recent research into genome evolution, based on the new area of comparative genomics. Topics include: Mechanisms by which new ge ...
Selective Pressures on Genomes in Molecular Evolution
Selective Pressures on Genomes in Molecular Evolution

... organism’s genomes code for the information (a message) to be transmitted from progenitor to offspring, and are subject to noise due to an imperfect replication process. Information theory is concerned with analyzing the properties of such channels, how much information can be transmitted, and how ...
Letter Neighboring Genes Show
Letter Neighboring Genes Show

... coexpression in human (Szczepińska and Pawlowski 2013). Functionally related genes show an enrichment of interchromosomal colocalization in yeast (Homouz and Kudlicki 2013). Coexpression of neighboring genes is maintained after the neighborhood is broken up (Wang et al. 2011). This suggests that ge ...
Novel Roles for Selected Genes in Meiotic DNA Processing
Novel Roles for Selected Genes in Meiotic DNA Processing

... A large number of high-throughput analyses have been performed to characterize the 6,200 genes of S. cerevisiae. These have included genomic screens for protein–protein [1– 3] and protein complex interactions [4–7], high-throughput genetic interaction analyses [8–13], genome-wide measurements of gen ...
Mendelian genetics At the beginning of the last section, we
Mendelian genetics At the beginning of the last section, we

... If two genes are close together, there are only a few points between them where crossing over can occur. Incidentally, all points on a chromosome are not “equally” likely to be involved in crossing over, but the general principle holds. The greater the distance, the more likely crossing over will oc ...
WW - Mrs. Chan
WW - Mrs. Chan

... 1.True-Breeding - these plants always create plants that look like themselves 2.Hybrids – offspring of truebreeding plants Tall x Short = Hybrid ...
The ApoE gene fact sheet
The ApoE gene fact sheet

... Genes contain the information to make all the proteins our body needs. Humans have around 25, 000 genes, 99.9% of which are exactly the same in all people. There is much interest in the genes that differ between people and the impact that these differences may have on our health and risk of disease. ...
Genetics
Genetics

The Concept of the Gene in Development and Evolution
The Concept of the Gene in Development and Evolution

... cases in which polypeptides are very different, an indicator of functional divergence, some authors recommend subdividing a site of expression into separate genes (Alberts et al. 1994). How different do the polypeptides have to be to split the locus into more than one gene? Molecular biologists do n ...
Document
Document

... When Thomas Hunt Morgan studied fruit flies, he was looking for naturally occurring variants. After years of study, he finally found one male fruit fly with white eyes instead of the usual red. The allele for the mutant trait is written as a lower case letter (ex: white eyes is w). The wild-type fly ...
CHAPTER 12 CHROMOSOMES AND GENES
CHAPTER 12 CHROMOSOMES AND GENES

... a. Autosomes are non-sex chromosomes that are the same number and kind between sexes. b. Sex chromosomes determine if the individual is male or female. 3. Sex chromosomes in the human female are XX; those of the male are XY. 4. Males produce X-containing and Y-containing gametes; therefore males det ...
Genetics Review Problems
Genetics Review Problems

... P = purple, pp = white. The offspring of a cross between two heterozygous purple-flowering plants (Pp Pp) results in a. all purple-flowered plants. b. purple-flowered plants and white-flowered plants. c. two types of white-flowered plants: PP and Pp. d. all white-flowered plants. e. all pink-flowere ...
Rare Genetic Diseases with Human Lean and/or Starvation
Rare Genetic Diseases with Human Lean and/or Starvation

... very similar phenotypes: abetalipoproteinemia, hypobetalipoproteinemia, and chylomicron retention disease. The genetic causes of two of these diseases, abetalipoproteinemia and hypobetalipoproteinemia, have been elucidated. In abetalipoproteinemia a frameshift mutation in the microsomal triglyceride ...
Honors Biology Unit Calendar Honors bio genetics-unit
Honors Biology Unit Calendar Honors bio genetics-unit

... Purpose: Now that you have background on how genes code for proteins, we can begin to study how genes influence traits. There will be many new vocabulary words, but the subject is fascinating and gives reasons for why organisms are the way they are. The field is related to the study of many diseases ...
Chapter 27 Phage Strategies
Chapter 27 Phage Strategies

... • cascade – A sequence of events, each of which is stimulated by the previous one. – Transcriptional regulation is divided into stages, and at each stage one of the genes that is expressed encodes a regulator needed to express the genes of the next stage. FIGURE 03: Lytic development is a regulatory ...
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Minimal genome

The concept of minimal genome assumes that genomes can be reduced to a bare minimum, given that they contain many non-essential genes of limited or situational importance to the organism. Therefore, if a collection of all the essential genes were put together, a minimum genome could be created artificially in a stable environment. By adding more genes, the creation of an organism of desired properties is possible. The concept of minimal genome arose from the observations that many genes do not appear to be necessary for survival. In order to create a new organism a scientist must determine the minimal set of genes required for metabolism and replication. This can be achieved by experimental and computational analysis of the biochemical pathways needed to carry out basic metabolism and reproduction. A good model for a minimal genome is Mycoplasma genitalium, the organism with the smallest known genome. Most genes that are used by this organism are usually considered essential for survival; based on this concept a minimal set of 256 genes has been proposed.
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