• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
10.3
10.3

... • It’s also possible for multiple genes to affect a character. This is polygenic inheritance: • Polygenic inheritance: – Two or more genes affect a single character ...
Linkage Analysis of Extremely Discordant and Concordant Sibling
Linkage Analysis of Extremely Discordant and Concordant Sibling

... taken, and female participants were requested to fill out a questionnaire on reproductive history. A total of 126 families was included through use of these cohorts. Further, through press releases in a newspaper, women’s magazines, the Dutch Twin Registry, and outpatient clinics of the University M ...
The Acquisition of Student Nurses` Knowledge of Genetics
The Acquisition of Student Nurses` Knowledge of Genetics

... together (International Society of Nursing in Genetics, 2013). In 1996, notable groups such as the American Medical Association, the American Nurses Association, and the National Human Genome Research Institute developed the National Coalition for Health Professionals Education in Genetics (NCHPEG) ...
Genetic epidemiology of coronary artery disease: an Asian Indian
Genetic epidemiology of coronary artery disease: an Asian Indian

... IL6 gene in a subset of patients with age at onset under 45 years and that was shown to modulate plasma CRP and fibrinogen levels (Maitra et al. 2008). Patel et al. (2008) have commented that as there in general consences on early CAD onset in Asian Indian based on earlier reports, the findings Mait ...
Development Duplication
Development Duplication

... Dr.  Beever  reports  that  Developmental  Duplication  appears  to  be  an  inherited  simple  recessive  genetic  condition.    As  a   simple  recessive  genetic  condition,  cattle  with  only  one  copy  of  the  DD  gene  are  onl ...
here - Genetics
here - Genetics

... unique nucleotide sequence for the locus in question, and thus constitutes the designation of an allele. In bacterial genetics, the practice of using a plus (+) sign to indicate the wildtype allele of a locus has been borrowed from the genetic nomenclature system used for other organisms. Thus, araB ...
Transdisciplinary Imaging Genetics Center
Transdisciplinary Imaging Genetics Center

... and genetic data: imaging genetics links two distinct forms of data  Goal: Understand brain function in the context of an individual’s unique genetic background  It is assumed that the integration of these field will provide new knowledge not otherwise obtainable: knowledge discovery ...
Complexity of Lung Cancer Modifiers: Mapping of
Complexity of Lung Cancer Modifiers: Mapping of

... (D1Mit221, D2Mit200, D4Mit5, D4Mit70, D7Mit55, D7Mit105, D8Mit3, D8Mit15, D10Mit122, D12Nds2, D15Mit13, D15Mit96, D16Mit19, and D18Mit7). Each known segregating segment in each cross is represented by at least one marker (or more if the segment is longer than 20 cM) The OcB-6 cross was used only for ...
6 Relative Advantage and Fundamental Theorems of Natural
6 Relative Advantage and Fundamental Theorems of Natural

... fitness is greater than the mean fitness of the entire population. It is, therefore, natural to introduce the notion of relative advantage of a replicator, which is defined as the expected fitness of this replicator minus the average fitness of the entire replicator population. For the general replicator ...
Understanding-Human-Development-2nd-Edition
Understanding-Human-Development-2nd-Edition

... Difficult Rationale: The concept of race is often used to categorize people into groups but this categorization becomes largely meaningless when considered from a genetic reference point. Although genes do control the development of characteristics frequently associated with race (e.g., skin color, ...
A pesticide that was rarely used in 1932 was used with increasing
A pesticide that was rarely used in 1932 was used with increasing

... Green crabs are native predators of the blue mussels that live along the coast of Maine. The blue mussels have acquired an adaptation that allows them to detect the unique waterborne chemicals produced by green crabs and produce thicker shells that are more difficult for the green crabs to break. In ...
Genetic, psychosocial, and demographic factors associated with
Genetic, psychosocial, and demographic factors associated with

... indicators of behavioral disinhibition: nicotine, alcohol consumption, alcohol dependence, illicit drugs, and nonsubstance-related behavioral disinhibition. This study found only one SNP (rs1868152) that attained genomewide significance (P = 5 9 10 8), for the indicator of illicit drug use, but auth ...
Chapter 3
Chapter 3

... 1. Choose an arbitrary part from the first parent 2. Copy this part to the first child 3. Copy the numbers that are not in the first part, to the first child:  starting right from cut point of the copied part,  using the order of the second parent  and wrapping around at the end 4. Analogous for ...
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium Notes - 2015 2016
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium Notes - 2015 2016

... 11. Explaining Equation #1: This equation is true for any population where there are only two alleles, one dominant and one recessive for a particular trait. Let’s say our alleles are “A” and “a”. In this equation “p” represents the frequency of “A” (the dominant allele) expressed as a decimal in th ...
Genetic Location of Heritable Traits Through Association Studies: A
Genetic Location of Heritable Traits Through Association Studies: A

... probability of transmission of any of the four haplotypes A1B1, A2B2, A1B2 and A2B1 should be equal (and obviously equal to 1/4). But the only way in which θ·1/2 = P(A1B1) = P(A1B1) = P(A1B2) = A2B1 = (1–θ)·1/2 is with θ being equal to1/2. Gametic disequilibrium, or gametic phase disequilibrium [17] ...
Educational Items Section Consanguinity Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
Educational Items Section Consanguinity Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

... For the general population: q 2 = 1/100 000 000 For I, it is, according to the equation: q x Cc = 1/10 000 x 1/16 = 1/160 000 The risk for individual I relative to the general population, is increased by a factor Cc / q here = 625 or, if we use the accurate equation, q2+ pqCc / q 2 = 626 (the rarer ...
PDF - Canine Genetics and Epidemiology
PDF - Canine Genetics and Epidemiology

... so inbreeding. Where there is common ancestry the probability that both alleles inherited by an individual are copies of a single allele from a common ancestor to both parents is >0. The coefficient of inbreeding (F) is this probability, and F for an individual will be higher if there are more commo ...
Evidence That the Human X Chromosome Is Enriched for Male
Evidence That the Human X Chromosome Is Enriched for Male

... a female-benefit /male-detriment allele might spread, were it X linked, and hence is a force leading to enrichment on the X chromosome of female-specific genes (after a modifier has suppressed the genes’ expression in males). However, this force will be counterbalanced by the greater relative ease o ...
Lessons from Founder Populations - Digital Commons @ RU
Lessons from Founder Populations - Digital Commons @ RU

... I want to express my deep gratitude to the many people who have helped get to where I am today. First and foremost, I would like to thank my two advisors: Jan Breslow and Itsik Pe’er. It has been a true pleasure to spend time in both of their labs and I am very grateful for the training they have gi ...
November 23, 2009
November 23, 2009

... • How can I use the genotype to determine what an organism will look like? • How can I determine the possible genotype of an organism from its phenotype? ...
Pedigrees
Pedigrees

... Examples of connected symbols: ...
Complex Signatures of Natural Selection at the Duffy Blood Group
Complex Signatures of Natural Selection at the Duffy Blood Group

... requires one to distinguish between the effects of natural selection and those of population history. This is a particularly difficult challenge in humans for two main reasons. First, the low levels of sequence variation provide little power to detect a significant reduction of polymorphism levels, ...
design and optimisation of animal breeding programmes
design and optimisation of animal breeding programmes

... The word genotype is used in several ways. We can speak of an animal’s genotype in general, referring to all the genes and gene combinations that affect the array of traits of interest to us. An example used later on in this section involves a “tropically adapted” genotype. In this case, the genotyp ...
Estimating evolutionary parameters when viability selection is
Estimating evolutionary parameters when viability selection is

... traits that make up x are traits in the loosest sense; they can include not only the phenotypes of individuals, but also the environmental variables that those individuals experience. Biologically, the distinction is important (Mitchell-Olds & Shaw 1987), but statistically their effect is identical. ...
Problems of Macroevolution (Molecular Evolution, Phenotype
Problems of Macroevolution (Molecular Evolution, Phenotype

... population level alone; the bridge between levels in this case is the phenotype. The phenotype (i) exists at the boundary between the organismic and population levels of the hierarchy; (ii) is a functional manifestation of the interaction between the genotype and the local environment only during th ...
< 1 ... 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 ... 421 >

Heritability of IQ

Research on heritability of IQ infers from the similarity of IQ in closely related persons the proportion of variance of IQ among individuals in a study population that is associated with genetic variation within that population. This provides a maximum estimate of genetic versus environmental influence for phenotypic variation in IQ in that population. ""Heritability"", in this sense, ""refers to the genetic contribution to variance within a population and in a specific environment"". There has been significant controversy in the academic community about the heritability of IQ since research on the issue began in the late nineteenth century. Intelligence in the normal range is a polygenic trait. However, certain single gene genetic disorders can severely affect intelligence, with phenylketonuria as an example.Estimates in the academic research of the heritability of IQ have varied from below 0.5 to a high of 0.8 (where 1.0 indicates that monozygotic twins have no variance in IQ and 0 indicates that their IQs are completely uncorrelated). Some studies have found that heritability is lower in families of low socioeconomic status. IQ heritability increases during early childhood, but it is unclear whether it stabilizes thereafter. A 1996 statement by the American Psychological Association gave about 0.45 for children and about .75 during and after adolescence. A 2004 meta-analysis of reports in Current Directions in Psychological Science gave an overall estimate of around 0.85 for 18-year-olds and older. The general figure for heritability of IQ is about 0.5 across multiple studies in varying populations. Recent studies suggest that family environment (i.e., upbringing) has negligible long-lasting effects upon adult IQ.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report