lecture 11, part 1, beyond mendel, 042809c
... The human blood phenotypes are A, B, AB, and O. The letters refer to two carbohydrates, known as A and B, on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). RBCs may contain one carbohydrate (A or B), both carbohydrates (AB), or neither (O). Compatible blood types are critical for transfusion of blood from a ...
... The human blood phenotypes are A, B, AB, and O. The letters refer to two carbohydrates, known as A and B, on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). RBCs may contain one carbohydrate (A or B), both carbohydrates (AB), or neither (O). Compatible blood types are critical for transfusion of blood from a ...
Human Evolution - Professor Sherry Bowen
... http://www.teachersdomain.org/resources/tdc02/sci/life/evo/findinglucy/index.html ...
... http://www.teachersdomain.org/resources/tdc02/sci/life/evo/findinglucy/index.html ...
F. T. Cloak, Jr. "Cultural Microevolution" Research Previews 13
... I would like now to suggest a theoretical framework for explaining this difference between biological evolution and cultural evolution. The gene pools of two populations have a common rigid structure, in spite of the connotations of the word "pool." (A chromosome map is, in effect, a picture of this ...
... I would like now to suggest a theoretical framework for explaining this difference between biological evolution and cultural evolution. The gene pools of two populations have a common rigid structure, in spite of the connotations of the word "pool." (A chromosome map is, in effect, a picture of this ...
Conceiving new life
... Transmission If you can curl your tongue, that ability is part of your phenotype, the observable characteristics through which your genotype, or underlying genetic makeup, is expressed. Except for monozygotic twins, no two people have the same genotype. The phenotype is the product of the genotype a ...
... Transmission If you can curl your tongue, that ability is part of your phenotype, the observable characteristics through which your genotype, or underlying genetic makeup, is expressed. Except for monozygotic twins, no two people have the same genotype. The phenotype is the product of the genotype a ...
Biology Pre-Learning Check
... 2. _____ something that has more than one gene controlling it 3. _____ different form of a gene 4. _____ genetic cross where two traits are examined at once 5. _____ one allele does not completely suppress the other, the phenotypes mix 6. _____ chromosomes line up randomly during meiosis, thus genes ...
... 2. _____ something that has more than one gene controlling it 3. _____ different form of a gene 4. _____ genetic cross where two traits are examined at once 5. _____ one allele does not completely suppress the other, the phenotypes mix 6. _____ chromosomes line up randomly during meiosis, thus genes ...
Genomic Maps and Linkage Analysis
... One homologue had DM1T allele, one homologue had DM1C allele… this fly is heterozygous for this DNA ...
... One homologue had DM1T allele, one homologue had DM1C allele… this fly is heterozygous for this DNA ...
Genetics and insurance in the UK
... Debate of ‘fairness’ prompted by AIDS/HIV testing in mid-1980’s Human Genome Project and ELSI debate extended this to genetic information Insurers expected disclosure; clinicians and patients experienced over-emphasis on predictive nature of genetic tests Parliament and advisory groups recognised ne ...
... Debate of ‘fairness’ prompted by AIDS/HIV testing in mid-1980’s Human Genome Project and ELSI debate extended this to genetic information Insurers expected disclosure; clinicians and patients experienced over-emphasis on predictive nature of genetic tests Parliament and advisory groups recognised ne ...
Effective population size
... drift occurs because the population size is not infinite, allowing chance events (sampling error) to occur. ► Genetic drift is a random process. The outcome of genetic drift cannot be stated with certainty. ► Genetic drift removes genetic variation from the ...
... drift occurs because the population size is not infinite, allowing chance events (sampling error) to occur. ► Genetic drift is a random process. The outcome of genetic drift cannot be stated with certainty. ► Genetic drift removes genetic variation from the ...
A Short Guide to the Evolution of Human Intelligence: A Timeline for
... introductory papers. It is meant to supplement text‐books, teaching and reading lists, and focuses on named genetic mutations that can be shown to have had an adaptive effect on human intelligence. A ‘Further Reading’ section is included at the end of the review. ...
... introductory papers. It is meant to supplement text‐books, teaching and reading lists, and focuses on named genetic mutations that can be shown to have had an adaptive effect on human intelligence. A ‘Further Reading’ section is included at the end of the review. ...
Genetics: Inherited Traits
... Sexual, because half the DNA comes from each parent rather than making an exact copy. You’re blending two different organisms rather than copying just one 3. Explain why organisms that reproduce sexually will never be an exact copy of one of the parents? The sperm/pollen and egg only have half a set ...
... Sexual, because half the DNA comes from each parent rather than making an exact copy. You’re blending two different organisms rather than copying just one 3. Explain why organisms that reproduce sexually will never be an exact copy of one of the parents? The sperm/pollen and egg only have half a set ...
Plant Nuclear Genome Size Variation
... Most are likely paleopolyploids Aneuploid variation – gain or less of one or more chromosomes ...
... Most are likely paleopolyploids Aneuploid variation – gain or less of one or more chromosomes ...
local selection underlies the geographic distribution of sexratio drive
... in Carvalho and Vaz 1999; Jaenike 2001). First, balancing selection due to linkage of SR with deleterious mutations can occur: if multiple genes are necessary for the expression of drive, and inversions that maintain linkage among these genes capture linked recessive alleles, these linked mutations ...
... in Carvalho and Vaz 1999; Jaenike 2001). First, balancing selection due to linkage of SR with deleterious mutations can occur: if multiple genes are necessary for the expression of drive, and inversions that maintain linkage among these genes capture linked recessive alleles, these linked mutations ...
I. Comparing genome sequences
... • Homologous sequences = derived from a common ancestor • Orthologous sequences = homologous sequences separated by a speciation event (e.g., human HOXA and mouse Hoxa) • Paralogous sequences = homologous sequences separated by gene duplication (e.g., human HOXA and human HOXB) ...
... • Homologous sequences = derived from a common ancestor • Orthologous sequences = homologous sequences separated by a speciation event (e.g., human HOXA and mouse Hoxa) • Paralogous sequences = homologous sequences separated by gene duplication (e.g., human HOXA and human HOXB) ...
Population genetics models of common diseases
... still to be learnt about plausible models for human history, future modeling should include some of the complexities emerging from recent inferences about human demography. Several lines of evidence point to a history of rapid recent growth from an equilibrium population for subSaharan Africans [7–9 ...
... still to be learnt about plausible models for human history, future modeling should include some of the complexities emerging from recent inferences about human demography. Several lines of evidence point to a history of rapid recent growth from an equilibrium population for subSaharan Africans [7–9 ...
Slide 1
... form a new offspring (children). If no crossover was performed, offspring is an exact copy of parents. 3. [Mutation] With a mutation probability mutate new offspring at each locus (position in chromosome). 4. [Accepting] Place new offspring in a new population [Replace] Use new generated population ...
... form a new offspring (children). If no crossover was performed, offspring is an exact copy of parents. 3. [Mutation] With a mutation probability mutate new offspring at each locus (position in chromosome). 4. [Accepting] Place new offspring in a new population [Replace] Use new generated population ...
Targeting the Noncoding Genome with CRISPR
... The researchers transduced one sgRNA per human melanoma cell that carries the BRAF gene mutation and cultured the cells in either a control or vemurafenib-spiked medium. They then used deep sequencing to identify CRISPR-mutated loci enriched in the drug-exposed cells. The researchers isolated hundre ...
... The researchers transduced one sgRNA per human melanoma cell that carries the BRAF gene mutation and cultured the cells in either a control or vemurafenib-spiked medium. They then used deep sequencing to identify CRISPR-mutated loci enriched in the drug-exposed cells. The researchers isolated hundre ...
Chapter 9 Study Guide
... Define the key terms from Chapter 9. (Bold terms from text in sections covered) ...
... Define the key terms from Chapter 9. (Bold terms from text in sections covered) ...
discussion document genetics and mental illness
... the environmental, or triggering circumstances, that go along with the genetic factors which trigger a mental illness are lacking. It is very rare for the Amish to be associated with alcoholism, drug abuse, unemployment, divorce or any violence. Yet the Amish have the same number of people with mani ...
... the environmental, or triggering circumstances, that go along with the genetic factors which trigger a mental illness are lacking. It is very rare for the Amish to be associated with alcoholism, drug abuse, unemployment, divorce or any violence. Yet the Amish have the same number of people with mani ...
11-2 Genetics and Probability
... • Genome – all the DNA contained in an organism. 3.2 billion letters of coding in the human genome. • Genetic disorders result from: – Changes in the DNA sequence that alter amino acids and could alter phenotype (cystic fibrosis) – Chromosomal disorders – errors during meiosis that affect the number ...
... • Genome – all the DNA contained in an organism. 3.2 billion letters of coding in the human genome. • Genetic disorders result from: – Changes in the DNA sequence that alter amino acids and could alter phenotype (cystic fibrosis) – Chromosomal disorders – errors during meiosis that affect the number ...
Principles of evolution
... Populations evolve not individuals. Populations exhibit great variability. When this variability changes over time is when we get new species. (micro evolution) Sources of variation within a population ...
... Populations evolve not individuals. Populations exhibit great variability. When this variability changes over time is when we get new species. (micro evolution) Sources of variation within a population ...
Section 6.4 Introduction in Canvas
... A gene is a segment of DNA that tells the cell how to make a particular polypeptide. The location of a gene on a chromosome is called a locus. A gene has the same locus on both chromosomes in a pair of homologous chromosomes. In genetics, scientists often focus on a single gene or set of genes. Geno ...
... A gene is a segment of DNA that tells the cell how to make a particular polypeptide. The location of a gene on a chromosome is called a locus. A gene has the same locus on both chromosomes in a pair of homologous chromosomes. In genetics, scientists often focus on a single gene or set of genes. Geno ...
Slide 1
... When associated with other symptoms it is referred as syndromic hearing loss (SHL), while when occur as an isolated symptom it is referred as non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL). NSHL accounts about 70% of genetic deafness and is almost exclusively monogenic and highly heterogeneous . NSHL can be tran ...
... When associated with other symptoms it is referred as syndromic hearing loss (SHL), while when occur as an isolated symptom it is referred as non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL). NSHL accounts about 70% of genetic deafness and is almost exclusively monogenic and highly heterogeneous . NSHL can be tran ...
מצגת של PowerPoint - Tel Aviv University
... The gene: a FOX transcription factor The name FOX is for “forkhead” as mutations in the first gene from this family that was studied in the fruit fly had unusual spiked-head structures in the embryo. All FOX proteins share a 80-100 amino-acid motif (the forkhead box) responsible for DNA binding. In ...
... The gene: a FOX transcription factor The name FOX is for “forkhead” as mutations in the first gene from this family that was studied in the fruit fly had unusual spiked-head structures in the embryo. All FOX proteins share a 80-100 amino-acid motif (the forkhead box) responsible for DNA binding. In ...
Biology~Chapter 12
... • are traits that are coded for by alleles on a sex chromosome. • Genes found on the X chromosome are X-linked genes • Since the X chromosome is larger- there are more X-linked than Y- linked traits. NOTE: Since males have only 1 X- a male who carries the recessive allele will show the X-linked trai ...
... • are traits that are coded for by alleles on a sex chromosome. • Genes found on the X chromosome are X-linked genes • Since the X chromosome is larger- there are more X-linked than Y- linked traits. NOTE: Since males have only 1 X- a male who carries the recessive allele will show the X-linked trai ...
Human genetic variation
Human genetic variation is the genetic differences both within and among populations. There may be multiple variants of any given gene in the human population (genes), leading to polymorphism. Many genes are not polymorphic, meaning that only a single allele is present in the population: the gene is then said to be fixed. On average, in terms of DNA sequence all humans are 99.9% similar to any other humans.No two humans are genetically identical. Even monozygotic twins, who develop from one zygote, have infrequent genetic differences due to mutations occurring during development and gene copy-number variation. Differences between individuals, even closely related individuals, are the key to techniques such as genetic fingerprinting. Alleles occur at different frequencies in different human populations, with populations that are more geographically and ancestrally remote tending to differ more.Causes of differences between individuals include the exchange of genes during meiosis and various mutational events. There are at least two reasons why genetic variation exists between populations. Natural selection may confer an adaptive advantage to individuals in a specific environment if an allele provides a competitive advantage. Alleles under selection are likely to occur only in those geographic regions where they confer an advantage. The second main cause of genetic variation is due to the high degree of neutrality of most mutations. Most mutations do not appear to have any selective effect one way or the other on the organism. The main cause is genetic drift, this is the effect of random changes in the gene pool. In humans, founder effect and past small population size (increasing the likelihood of genetic drift) may have had an important influence in neutral differences between populations. The theory that humans recently migrated out of Africa supports this.The study of human genetic variation has both evolutionary significance and medical applications. It can help scientists understand ancient human population migrations as well as how different human groups are biologically related to one another. For medicine, study of human genetic variation may be important because some disease-causing alleles occur more often in people from specific geographic regions. New findings show that each human has on average 60 new mutations compared to their parents.Apart from mutations, many genes that may have aided humans in ancient times plague humans today. For example, it is suspected that genes that allow humans to more efficiently process food are those that make people susceptible to obesity and diabetes today.