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... Example: Number of kernel rows (Vrs-1/vrs-1) in barley (Hordeum vulgare). For simplicity, vrs-1 is abbreviated as "v" in the following table. Hypothesis is 1:1 (expectation for 2 alleles at 1 locus in a doubled haploid population). The data are for a SNP in HvHox1 (3_0897) from the Hb population (n ...
Document
Document

... • In a DNA marker, somewhere in the 100-1000 bp amplified region there must be a DNA sequence difference (polymorphism) between individuals. • The most common DNA marker systems examine the number of repeated units in a simple sequence repeat motif, such as CACACACACACACAC. • Individuals can vary co ...
AS 09 Genetic Engineering.pps237.5 KB
AS 09 Genetic Engineering.pps237.5 KB

... This will hopefully contain the gene required for hormone synthesis. The plasmids are then mixed with host bacterial cells, such as cells of ...................................... . The presence of the chemical ................................................. aids the plasmid uptake by the bacteria ...
Guide to using the PCR lab File
Guide to using the PCR lab File

... The segments of genetic code for the CYP2D6 protein are found in nine exons and the final spliced version of the RNA is called messenger RNA (mRNA). If the bases at or near the sites of splicing are mutated in any way, splicing goes wrong. In this case, portions of RNA that do not code for a protein ...
PowerPoint - eequalsmcq
PowerPoint - eequalsmcq

... Recognize that when asexual reproduction occurs, the same genetic information found in the parent cell is copied and passed on to each new daughter cell Recognize that when asexual reproduction occurs, the daughter cell is identical to the parent cell Mitosis vs. Meiosis video ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... observations, Mendel formulated the two basic laws of heredity:  Law ...
Outline
Outline

... 6. However, environment can affect the expression of genes. A) Maternal drug use can alter normal gene expression during embryonic development. B) Nutrition and diet C) Hormonal deficits and excesses C. Sources of Genetic Variation 1. Mendel’s Law of A) Each organism contains two factors (alleles) f ...
Nerve activates contraction
Nerve activates contraction

... • Although generation time is two to four months, the early stages of development proceed quickly. • By 24 hours after fertilization, most tissues and early versions of the organs have formed. • After two days, the fish hatches out of the egg case. • The study of the zebrafish genome is an active ar ...
Ch 21 A ppt
Ch 21 A ppt

... • Although generation time is two to four months, the early stages of development proceed quickly. • By 24 hours after fertilization, most tissues and early versions of the organs have formed. • After two days, the fish hatches out of the egg case. • The study of the zebrafish genome is an active ar ...
Chapter 11 Power point
Chapter 11 Power point

... observations, Mendel formulated the two basic laws of heredity:  Law ...
Survey of Kingdoms Notes KEY
Survey of Kingdoms Notes KEY

... o Phototaxis: the movement of an organism towards or away from light (a stimulus) ...
S1 Genetics and reproduction Folder sheets
S1 Genetics and reproduction Folder sheets

... If you do, a variety of factors can influence whether you will actually develop disease. Nearly everyone with the familial adenomatous polyposis genes will - unless he or she takes effective preventive measures - someday develop colon cancer. On the other hand, women who carry the BRCA1 breast cance ...
Document
Document

... acids in the organism’s proteins. • The order of amino acids determines the shape that the protein made will take. • The shape of the protein determines what it can do. • What the protein does determines everything about the organism. • Gene Regulation determines when a sequence of DNA will be put t ...
SNP Applications
SNP Applications

... • Immediate goals: – Detection/identification of … – The hundreds of thousands of SNPs estimated to be present in the human genome – Interest also in other organisms, e.g. potatoes(!) – Establishment of SNP Database(s) ...
Student Worksheet Hands-on Activity Viral DNA Integration
Student Worksheet Hands-on Activity Viral DNA Integration

... The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects and destroys cells of the immune system called helper T cells. Over time, HIV infection weakens a person’s ability to fight other infections and some diseases. The advanced stage of HIV infection is termed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). An ...
$doc.title

... Content/   Research  Essay  (A.  Fleming):     A  list  of  research  essay  titles  is  provided  to  the  JS   Description*   class  who  then  devise  a  selection  procedure  such  that  individual  members  of  the   academic   sta ...
Brooker Chapter 17
Brooker Chapter 17

... Retroviruses - RNA viruses that make a DNA copy that integrates into the host’s genome ...
Mutations Notes Sheet
Mutations Notes Sheet

... series of steps that could lead to development of lung cancer in a smoker. WHAT ARE MUTATIONS? Now and then cells make mistakes in copying their own DNA, like inserting an incorrect base or skipping a base as the new strand is put together. _________________ are changes in the genetic material. Muta ...
Understanding Mutation (PowerPoint) WVU 2013
Understanding Mutation (PowerPoint) WVU 2013

...  Students will formulate a working definition of a mutation and use it assess whether a mutation has occurred. Tidbit One- 30 second paper, Guided-Inquiry Clicker Qs  Given various scenarios, students will be able to evaluate whether a mutation will lead to a phenotypic variation. Tidbit Two- Doub ...
From Hard Drives to Flash Drives to DNA Drives
From Hard Drives to Flash Drives to DNA Drives

... the companies that produce the seeds (which are mostly American).2 Salmon, with growth hormones that have been altered so that they not only grow faster but never stop growing, has also been in the news. Salmon is the third most-eaten seafood in the United States according to the National Fisheries ...
Symposium Notes
Symposium Notes

... condition. Like psychogenic alopecia, the onset of feline hyperesthesia is usually associated with an environmental stressor. It affects cats typically in the 2-6 year age range and seems to target Oriental breeds or their crosses. Feline hyperesthesia is another one of those conditions that seems t ...
Notes: Genetics
Notes: Genetics

... were different in a single trait, he called that a monohybrid cross. • The resulting offspring were called the F1 generation or the first generation. (F stands for filial which means son/daughter) • The F1 generation plants were bred to give the F2 generation or the second generation. (the grandkids ...
Genetics - SCHOOLinSITES
Genetics - SCHOOLinSITES

...  DNA is located in the nucleus of eukaryotes, so processes involving DNA, such as transcription, must occur there as well. ...
Accepted Manuscript
Accepted Manuscript

... Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is defined as the death of an apparently healthy infant of less than one year of age. The death usually occurs during sleep and remains unexplained after an exhaustive investigation including complete autopsy and medical history [1]. Despite SIDS rates differ sign ...
gene regulation
gene regulation

... • Umbilical cord blood – can be collected at birth, – contains partially differentiated stem cells, and – has had limited success in the treatment of a few diseases. ...
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Genetic engineering



Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology. It is therefore a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms. New DNA may be inserted in the host genome by first isolating and copying the genetic material of interest using molecular cloning methods to generate a DNA sequence, or by synthesizing the DNA, and then inserting this construct into the host organism. Genes may be removed, or ""knocked out"", using a nuclease. Gene targeting is a different technique that uses homologous recombination to change an endogenous gene, and can be used to delete a gene, remove exons, add a gene, or introduce point mutations.An organism that is generated through genetic engineering is considered to be a genetically modified organism (GMO). The first GMOs were bacteria generated in 1973 and GM mice in 1974. Insulin-producing bacteria were commercialized in 1982 and genetically modified food has been sold since 1994. Glofish, the first GMO designed as a pet, was first sold in the United States December in 2003.Genetic engineering techniques have been applied in numerous fields including research, agriculture, industrial biotechnology, and medicine. Enzymes used in laundry detergent and medicines such as insulin and human growth hormone are now manufactured in GM cells, experimental GM cell lines and GM animals such as mice or zebrafish are being used for research purposes, and genetically modified crops have been commercialized.
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