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direct selection
direct selection

... into sociobiology as explained by Hamilton's rule. They are haplodiploid; males are produced from unfertilized eggs, having only half the normal genetic number as the females. The result of this is that sisters, who usually have the same father and all of his genes, are related by 3/4. To their moth ...
Genetics - WalkerSci7and8
Genetics - WalkerSci7and8

... Q: What does the term “Mendelian Trait” describe? Q: What do you know about genetic mutations? Q: What are transposons? Q: What do you know about DNA and describe the structure of DNA? Q: How does RNA work? Q: What do you think will be some future applications of genetics? Q: What are the possible f ...
"Ideal" Exam Responses File
"Ideal" Exam Responses File

... Oxygen is required after the NADH and FADH2 molecules, which are produced in the Kreb’s cycle, deliver electrons to the Electron Transport Chain. The oxygen serves as an electron acceptor at the end of the ETC and when it accepts two electrons and attracts two hydrogen ions forming a water molecule. ...
Soybean (Glycine max L.) Nuclear DNA Contains
Soybean (Glycine max L.) Nuclear DNA Contains

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Evolution of a Bead Population

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Exam III (chap 15-17,23-25)
Exam III (chap 15-17,23-25)

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AP Biology Pacing Guide2013
AP Biology Pacing Guide2013

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Genetic Variation
Genetic Variation

... gene pool. The greater the number of dif ferent alleles, the greater the genetic biodiversity.  Important for survival – greater range of alleles = more variation = more material for evolution to act upon.  With variation, when the environment changes, these favourable alleles can be selected for ...
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Within stand relatedness and genetic diversity

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Genetics
Genetics

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Genetics
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Section 6.4- Traits, Genes, Alleles
Section 6.4- Traits, Genes, Alleles

... What this does is increase the number of different combinations possible now that genes have crossed-over. What Mendel didn’t know was that some genes are on the same chromosomes! ◦ How will that affect crosses??? ...
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ANSWERS on Inheritance File

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Principles of Heredity

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Aberrant mRNA splicing patterns and nonsense

... The  aim  of  this  project  is  to  establish  how  DMD  gene  mutations  may  cause  such  a  variety  of   abnormalities  in  a  number  of  functionally  discordant  cell  types.  This  will  be  done  using  the   mdx   mouse ...
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Waves - members.iinet.com.au

... distance air molecules move forwards and backwards. Louder sounds make air molecules vibrate with greater amplitude. Frequency is the number of sound waves produced each second. It is measured in Hz. High frequency produce high-pitched sounds and vice versa. The decibel scale (dB) is used to measure ...
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... 6.4 Traits, Genes, and Alleles • An allele is any alternative form of a gene occurring at a specific locus on a chromosome. – Each parent donates one allele for every gene. – Homozygous describes two alleles that are the same at a specific locus. ...
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Chapter 15 Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

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HSA HW Packet #4

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Natural Selection
Natural Selection

... Natural Selection – in a population, organisms with a genetic trait that increases the chance of having offspring will pass on their genes to the next generation more than those without. Reproductive Fitness – relative ability to survive and leave offspring ...
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Words in text: 1,591 Group Selection Kathryn Demps and Peter

... same time selfish individuals who don’t make costly contributions to group success but benefit from it anyway, will be favored within groups. Selection at two levels of organization sets up a potentially stark tradeoff depending on the degree to which individuals share the same heritable variant. If ...
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1. Which of the following statements about homologous

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Chapter 15~ The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance ______
Chapter 15~ The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance ______

... and father with condition XcY – 50/50 chance of female with condition XcXc ...
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Genetic engineering



Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism's genome using biotechnology. It is therefore a set of technologies used to change the genetic makeup of cells, including the transfer of genes within and across species boundaries to produce improved or novel organisms. New DNA may be inserted in the host genome by first isolating and copying the genetic material of interest using molecular cloning methods to generate a DNA sequence, or by synthesizing the DNA, and then inserting this construct into the host organism. Genes may be removed, or ""knocked out"", using a nuclease. Gene targeting is a different technique that uses homologous recombination to change an endogenous gene, and can be used to delete a gene, remove exons, add a gene, or introduce point mutations.An organism that is generated through genetic engineering is considered to be a genetically modified organism (GMO). The first GMOs were bacteria generated in 1973 and GM mice in 1974. Insulin-producing bacteria were commercialized in 1982 and genetically modified food has been sold since 1994. Glofish, the first GMO designed as a pet, was first sold in the United States December in 2003.Genetic engineering techniques have been applied in numerous fields including research, agriculture, industrial biotechnology, and medicine. Enzymes used in laundry detergent and medicines such as insulin and human growth hormone are now manufactured in GM cells, experimental GM cell lines and GM animals such as mice or zebrafish are being used for research purposes, and genetically modified crops have been commercialized.
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