Chemistry Revision
... phenotype t h e i m p o r t a n c e o f v a r i a t i o n w i t hi n p o p ul a t io n s ( p o p ul a t i o n a n d s p e c i e s s u r v i va l ) i n a c h a n g i n g e nv i r o n m e n t s u c h a s p e s t i n f e s t a t i o n , d i s e a s e , d r o ug h t , o r f l o o d t h e a d v a n t ...
... phenotype t h e i m p o r t a n c e o f v a r i a t i o n w i t hi n p o p ul a t io n s ( p o p ul a t i o n a n d s p e c i e s s u r v i va l ) i n a c h a n g i n g e nv i r o n m e n t s u c h a s p e s t i n f e s t a t i o n , d i s e a s e , d r o ug h t , o r f l o o d t h e a d v a n t ...
Wilson_1975_Wilson_1975_Sociobiology The Abridged Edition, p
... to determine the phenotype of a heterozygous individual, in which the homologous chromosome carries a different allele. For example, if A and a are two allelic forms of a gene, A is said to be dominant to a if AA diploids and Aa diploids are phenotypically identical (or nearly so) and are distinguis ...
... to determine the phenotype of a heterozygous individual, in which the homologous chromosome carries a different allele. For example, if A and a are two allelic forms of a gene, A is said to be dominant to a if AA diploids and Aa diploids are phenotypically identical (or nearly so) and are distinguis ...
What is Evolution??
... Darwin relied on years of close observations and data to develop his theories on evolution. Most well known for descriptions of Galapagos Finches. He concluded that birds were adapting to their environment by having different beak sizes for their available food source. Revolutionized the the ...
... Darwin relied on years of close observations and data to develop his theories on evolution. Most well known for descriptions of Galapagos Finches. He concluded that birds were adapting to their environment by having different beak sizes for their available food source. Revolutionized the the ...
Population Genetics and Hardy Weinburg
... • To be able to compare the initial allele frequency with the final allele frequency. Ex: The same population was analyzed 5 years later. 25% of the population expressed the homozygous phenotype. What is the frequency of the recessive and dominant alleles now? p and q are both .5 The population has ...
... • To be able to compare the initial allele frequency with the final allele frequency. Ex: The same population was analyzed 5 years later. 25% of the population expressed the homozygous phenotype. What is the frequency of the recessive and dominant alleles now? p and q are both .5 The population has ...
1. Long periods of stasis in the fossil record, followed by short
... 1. Long periods of stasis in the fossil record, followed by short periods of significant evolutionary change, are explained by which model of evolution? A B C D ...
... 1. Long periods of stasis in the fossil record, followed by short periods of significant evolutionary change, are explained by which model of evolution? A B C D ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Natural Selection
... – EX: If everyone is the same, they are all vulnerable to the same environmental changes or diseases ...
... – EX: If everyone is the same, they are all vulnerable to the same environmental changes or diseases ...
chapters 15,16,17 evolution
... 5. DNA or molecular similarities – All organisms share the same genetic code, ATCG’s. Most of the codons match the same ...
... 5. DNA or molecular similarities – All organisms share the same genetic code, ATCG’s. Most of the codons match the same ...
Domestication and Development of Breeds
... New species are created by splitting an existing species population into two or more separate groups. 1. These groups must be prevented from interbreeding either by disturbance, natural barriers, time or some other “genetic wall” a) After being separated, the two groups must be subjected to at least ...
... New species are created by splitting an existing species population into two or more separate groups. 1. These groups must be prevented from interbreeding either by disturbance, natural barriers, time or some other “genetic wall” a) After being separated, the two groups must be subjected to at least ...
natural selection
... The connection between natural selection and genetics: • Genetic mutations create heritable variations • This variation is the raw material upon which natural selection acts • DNA mutations occur at random in all organisms • Sexual reproduction results in genetically different offspring ...
... The connection between natural selection and genetics: • Genetic mutations create heritable variations • This variation is the raw material upon which natural selection acts • DNA mutations occur at random in all organisms • Sexual reproduction results in genetically different offspring ...
Population Genetics Populations evolve Evolution = change in allele
... We know frequencies must add to 1, so . . . subtract q from 1 and we find p Work a problem: what are frequencies of attached and unattached earlobe alleles? If the number of people is 200, and 150 people have unattached earlobes? Phenotypes, unattached 150, so number of people with attached earlobes ...
... We know frequencies must add to 1, so . . . subtract q from 1 and we find p Work a problem: what are frequencies of attached and unattached earlobe alleles? If the number of people is 200, and 150 people have unattached earlobes? Phenotypes, unattached 150, so number of people with attached earlobes ...
EVOLUTION
... • Saw that adaptation to environment was indeed real, and eventually formulated a mechanism for it, but… – He did not want to jeopardize his scientific status, so didn’t publish it. ...
... • Saw that adaptation to environment was indeed real, and eventually formulated a mechanism for it, but… – He did not want to jeopardize his scientific status, so didn’t publish it. ...
Natural selection handout
... resources necessary for living organisms are limited in supply at any given time. Changes in populations: The unequal ability of individuals to survive and reproduce will lead to gradual change in a population, with the proportion of individuals with favorable characteristics accumulating over the ...
... resources necessary for living organisms are limited in supply at any given time. Changes in populations: The unequal ability of individuals to survive and reproduce will lead to gradual change in a population, with the proportion of individuals with favorable characteristics accumulating over the ...
Evolution at multiple loci
... Requirements of natural selection • Individuals vary • Some of that variation is genetic • More offspring are produced that can survive (reproduce) • Survival (reproduction) not random ...
... Requirements of natural selection • Individuals vary • Some of that variation is genetic • More offspring are produced that can survive (reproduce) • Survival (reproduction) not random ...
Natural selection
... November 1859 Published “Origin of the Species” 1930’s-1940’s Evolutionary Synthesis “Mendel and Darwin” ...
... November 1859 Published “Origin of the Species” 1930’s-1940’s Evolutionary Synthesis “Mendel and Darwin” ...
Molecular ecology, quantitative genetic and genomics
... Molecular ecology • Microsatellites developed in Sheffield & will/can be used for – Parentage (vertical pedigree) • paternity ...
... Molecular ecology • Microsatellites developed in Sheffield & will/can be used for – Parentage (vertical pedigree) • paternity ...
Evolution - Leeming-Biology-12
... • Isolation of a breeding population – this can either occur within the parent population (e.g. race or religion) or in isolation from the parent population (e.g. migration). • In both cases, interbreeding (gene flow) between the two populations is disrupted. ...
... • Isolation of a breeding population – this can either occur within the parent population (e.g. race or religion) or in isolation from the parent population (e.g. migration). • In both cases, interbreeding (gene flow) between the two populations is disrupted. ...
Evolution
... • Isolation of a breeding population – this can either occur within the parent population (e.g. race or religion) or in isolation from the parent population (e.g. migration). • In both cases, interbreeding (gene flow) between the two populations is disrupted. ...
... • Isolation of a breeding population – this can either occur within the parent population (e.g. race or religion) or in isolation from the parent population (e.g. migration). • In both cases, interbreeding (gene flow) between the two populations is disrupted. ...
Types of Natural Selection
... with long tongues could more effectively prey on termites than those with short or average tongue length ...
... with long tongues could more effectively prey on termites than those with short or average tongue length ...
HOW EVOLUTION WORKS: CHAPTER 19
... C. Fig. 19.9 Darwin saw many different species with beaks suited to eat seeds, insects or blood. All these new finch species thought to come from one common species of finch. (macroevolution) IX. SUMMARY of Important Points: 1. Evolution is a fact, it does occur. 2. DNA is one of the keys to evoluti ...
... C. Fig. 19.9 Darwin saw many different species with beaks suited to eat seeds, insects or blood. All these new finch species thought to come from one common species of finch. (macroevolution) IX. SUMMARY of Important Points: 1. Evolution is a fact, it does occur. 2. DNA is one of the keys to evoluti ...
EVOLUTION
... 1. Mutations – provide the raw material for new variation 2. Sexual reproduction – creates individuals with new combinations of alleles • Crossing over, independent assortment and random joining of gametes 3. Diploidy 4. Outbreeding – mating with unrelated partners 5. Balanced polymorphism – is the ...
... 1. Mutations – provide the raw material for new variation 2. Sexual reproduction – creates individuals with new combinations of alleles • Crossing over, independent assortment and random joining of gametes 3. Diploidy 4. Outbreeding – mating with unrelated partners 5. Balanced polymorphism – is the ...
Lecture 2
... “Agency” of selection • At what level does natural selection occur? • Darwin “organismal” • But selection can act at other levels – Genes – Cells – (Organisms) – Groups (social insects) – Species? ...
... “Agency” of selection • At what level does natural selection occur? • Darwin “organismal” • But selection can act at other levels – Genes – Cells – (Organisms) – Groups (social insects) – Species? ...
Microevolution
... may have died, but after many times of application, a very small number of pests survived due to tolerance to the poison. Eventually only these survivors were reproducing, so the only genes passed on the next generation were those of pesticide resistance. Due to insect rapid generation time and the ...
... may have died, but after many times of application, a very small number of pests survived due to tolerance to the poison. Eventually only these survivors were reproducing, so the only genes passed on the next generation were those of pesticide resistance. Due to insect rapid generation time and the ...
Population genetics
Population genetics is the study of the distribution and change in frequency of alleles within populations, and as such it sits firmly within the field of evolutionary biology. The main processes of evolution (natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, mutation, and genetic recombination) form an integral part of the theory that underpins population genetics. Studies in this branch of biology examine such phenomena as adaptation, speciation, population subdivision, and population structure.Population genetics was a vital ingredient in the emergence of the modern evolutionary synthesis. Its primary founders were Sewall Wright, J. B. S. Haldane and Ronald Fisher, who also laid the foundations for the related discipline of quantitative genetics.Traditionally a highly mathematical discipline, modern population genetics encompasses theoretical, lab and field work. Computational approaches, often utilising coalescent theory, have played a central role since the 1980s.