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Buddhism: The Call to Awaken
Buddhism: The Call to Awaken

CONTENTS What is Buddhism? The Four Noble Truths The
CONTENTS What is Buddhism? The Four Noble Truths The

... The Mahayanists adopted Sanscrit as it’s language. The Bodhisattva (Pali Bodhisatta) ideal emerged of a person who refuses to enter nirvana (Pali Nibbana), but instead returns to samsara to help others. Compassion and wisdom became the most important virtues. The role of lay people was developed. TH ...
The masters go West: A story of Buddhism`s adaptation to new
The masters go West: A story of Buddhism`s adaptation to new

... was from Bengal and the 4th Dalai Lama who was Mongolian. Buddhist Universities in India were opened to all, irrespective of their origin. The determining criteria was the lineage and the teachings that one belonged to. However for centuries, Buddhism remained an Asian affair. Western scholars were ...
The Kalama Sutta: How Free is Freedom of Thought?
The Kalama Sutta: How Free is Freedom of Thought?

Dynamics of Sinhala Buddhist Ethno-Nationalism in Post
Dynamics of Sinhala Buddhist Ethno-Nationalism in Post

... The Buddhism that is practiced in Sri Lanka today is not the same doctrine that is said to have been preached by Gautama Buddha, but one that has undergone many waves of transformation.16 The scholarly literature on Sinhala Buddhism shows that there is no single and unified Buddhism. Like most other ...
If Intention Is Karma: A New Approach to
If Intention Is Karma: A New Approach to

Introducing a Buddhist Shrine
Introducing a Buddhist Shrine

... The reason for shrines and the three traditional offerings Buddhists from all over the world build shrines for the following reasons: to show their appreciation of the Buddhas and bodhisattvas, to remind themselves of the teachings of Buddhism and their own practise of Buddhism. A shrine is also a b ...
Chapter Two THE BUDDHIST CONCEPT OF LIBERATION IN THE
Chapter Two THE BUDDHIST CONCEPT OF LIBERATION IN THE

... around Magadha and finally settled at a place called Uruvelā, the market town of Senāni for a new spiritual trip. Here he made up his mind to devote himself to the severest forms of asceticism that had been generally believed to be the best way to attain liberation. The Buddha’s practices of ascetic ...
gautama buddha - the enlightened world-teacher
gautama buddha - the enlightened world-teacher

... M i n d f u l of what Asita had prophesied, king Suddhodana never relaxed in his planning for his son to pass his days i n such a manner as w o u l d make h i m come i n touch only w i t h the sunny side of life. Says Gautama himself i n one of the Buddhist texts: " I had three palaces at m y dispos ...
paper presentation 1031
paper presentation 1031

... In Theravada Buddhism, the “middle way” is following the teachings of Dharma (Law). In Mahayana Buddhism, the way to enlightenment is on the sudden enlightenment to include meditation of the dharma. Mahayana Buddhism traditions including Zen, Tibetan, and Pure Land. Each Mahayana path practices 10 i ...
Buddhist paritta (Pirit) chants for mental and physical well being
Buddhist paritta (Pirit) chants for mental and physical well being

the mandala construction process the mandala construction process
the mandala construction process the mandala construction process

... millions of grains of sand from traditional metal funnels called chakpur. The finished mandala is approximately 5’ x 5’ in size, and generally requires three to five days of work. ...
Beyond-the-Tipitaka - Ancient Buddhist Texts
Beyond-the-Tipitaka - Ancient Buddhist Texts

... Buddha’s death,2 the commentaries and chronicles contain a wealth of historical information with which we are able to partially reconstruct the early history of Buddhism. The texts illuminate a host of important historical events and trends: how the Tipiṭaka came to be preserved orally; when it was ...
The Way to Happiness - Buddhist Publication Society
The Way to Happiness - Buddhist Publication Society

American Buddhism as a Way of Life
American Buddhism as a Way of Life

... demonstrates conclusively the strength of American religion;3 however, the Americans surveyed very much desire, using Hadot’s formulation, to “ ‘be’ in a different way” from the living styles offered by conventional religions: According to the Pew Report, 44 percent of the Americans surveyed have le ...
Pure Land Buddhism File
Pure Land Buddhism File

... – and Shinran was exiled for a time to northern Japan. There he adopted the life of a lay believer, ...
A Buddha and his Cousin - University of New Mexico
A Buddha and his Cousin - University of New Mexico

... degree of pain and suffering, in other words, is unavoidable so long as one is alive. It is impossible to achieve a painless trajectory through life. At best, one can aspire to achieve a path through life that reduces the amount of unnecessary suffering that one’s existence inflicts on others. It co ...
Bhutan Hall opening ceremony
Bhutan Hall opening ceremony

107 A Comparative Study of Ahimsa (non
107 A Comparative Study of Ahimsa (non

... non-violence, and this should be accompanied also by proper speech derived from the heart. It is clear that the principle of ahimsa in Jainism naturally implies purity of thought, word, and deed and is a result of universal love and sympathy towards all living beings. Ahimsa, therefore, implies both ...
Buddhist Perspectives on Health and Healing
Buddhist Perspectives on Health and Healing

... and grouped to present here as Buddhist principles and perspectives on health and healing. Nevertheless, the Buddha’s words quoted here are traced back to English versions translated from the Pāli canon by many foreigners. Although there are some differences in meanings of those translations, Englis ...
Buddhism Basics Questions
Buddhism Basics Questions

... Contrary to what is accepted in contemporary society, the Buddhist interpretation of karma does not refer to preordained fate. Karma refers to good or bad actions a person takes during her lifetime. Good actions, which involve either the absence of bad actions, or actual positive acts, such as gener ...
File - Year 11-12 Studies of Religion 2Unit 2013-4
File - Year 11-12 Studies of Religion 2Unit 2013-4

Examination of Misunderstanding – 6
Examination of Misunderstanding – 6

Explain the contribution and impact of one significant
Explain the contribution and impact of one significant

Buddhism and Volunteerism - Fo Guang Shan International
Buddhism and Volunteerism - Fo Guang Shan International

... injured soldiers as well as to civilians. They served their country well by risking their lives under showers of bullets and bombs. To a Buddhist, what is important is not worldly skills and intelligence, but bodhicitta (the heart of compassion). Turn to any page of a Buddhist scripture, and one can ...
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Bhikkhuni



A bhikkhunī (Pali) or bhikṣuṇī (Sanskrit) is a fully ordained female monastic in Buddhism. Male monastics are called bhikkhus. Both bhikkhunis and bhikkhus live by the Vinaya, a set of rules. Until recently, the lineages of female monastics only remained in Mahayana Buddhism and thus are prevalent in countries such as Korea, Vietnam, China, and Taiwan but a few women have taken the full monastic vows in the Theravada and Vajrayana schools over the last decade.In Buddhism, women are as capable of reaching nirvana as men. According to Buddhist scriptures, the order of bhikkhunis was first created by the Buddha at the specific request of his aunt and foster-mother Mahapajapati Gotami, who became the first ordained bhikkhuni. A famous work of the early Buddhist schools is the Therigatha, a collection of poems by elder nuns about enlightenment that was preserved in the Pāli Canon.Bhikkhunis are required to take extra vows, the Eight Garudhammas, and are subordinate to and reliant upon the bhikkhu order. In places where the bhikkhuni lineage was historically missing or has died out, due to hardship, alternative forms of renunciation have developed. In Tibetan Buddhism, women officially take the vows of śrāmaṇerīs (novitiates); Theravadin woman may choose to take an informal and limited set of vows similar to the historical vows of the sāmaṇerī, like the maechi of Thailand and thilashin or Burma.
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