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Practice ws on Ch 5 - mvhs
Practice ws on Ch 5 - mvhs

... 1. How many joules must be added to a 63.43-g sample of Fe(s) to raise the sample’s temperature from 19.7 to 54.2° C? Assume that the specific heat of iron is constant over this temperature range. Answer: 9.8 x 10^2 J 2. How many joules must be added to a 7.92-g sample of CH3CH2OH(l) to raise the sa ...
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... 5.  Describe   factors   that   could   be   responsible   for   death   at   high   temperature  and  factors  that  allow  animals  to  survive  at  extreme   cold  temperature.   6.  Explain  the  temperature  regula:on  of  various  animals ...
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Hypothermia



Hypothermia is defined as a body core temperature below 35.0 °C (95.0 °F). Symptoms depend on the temperature. In mild hypothermia there is shivering and mental confusion. In moderate hypothermia shivering stops and confusion increases. In severe hypothermia there may be paradoxical undressing, where a person removes their clothing, as well as an increased risk of the heart stopping.Hypothermia has two main types of causes. It classically occurs from extreme exposure to cold. It may also occur from any condition that decreases heat production or increases heat loss. Commonly this includes alcohol intoxication but may also include low blood sugar, anorexia, and advanced age among others. Body temperature is usually maintained near a constant level of 36.5–37.5 °C (97.7–99.5 °F) through thermoregulation. Efforts to increase body temperature involve shivering, increased voluntary activity, and putting on warmer clothing. Hypothermia may be diagnosed based on either a person's symptoms in the presence of risk factors or by measuring a person's core temperature.The treatment of mild hypothermia involves: warm drinks, warm clothing and physical activity. In those with moderate hypothermia heating blankets and warmed intravenous fluids are recommended. People with moderate or severe hypothermia should be moved gently. In severe hypothermia extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or cardiopulmonary bypass may be useful. In those without a pulse cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is indicated along with the above measures. Rewarming is typically continued until a person's temperature is greater than 32 °C (90 °F). If there is no improvement at this point or the blood potassium level is greater than 12 mmol/liter at any time resuscitation may be discontinued.Hypothermia is the cause of at least 1500 deaths a year in the United States. It is more common in older people and males. One of the lowest documented body temperatures from which someone with accidental hypothermia has survived is 13.0 °C (55.4 °F) in a near-drowning of a 7-year-old girl in Sweden. Survival after more than six hours of CPR has been described. In those in whom ECMO or bypass is used survival is around 50%. Deaths due to hypothermia have played an important role in many wars. Hyperthermia is the opposite of hypothermia, being an increased body temperature due to failed thermoregulation. The word is from the Greek ὑποθερμία.
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