The effect of loading rate on static friction and the rate of fault
... time, as expected from friction theory16–18. Applying these results to seismic faulting and accounting for differences in laboratory, seismic and tectonic slip rates, I demonstrate that post-seismic healing is expected to be retarded for a period of several hundred days following an earthquake, in a ...
... time, as expected from friction theory16–18. Applying these results to seismic faulting and accounting for differences in laboratory, seismic and tectonic slip rates, I demonstrate that post-seismic healing is expected to be retarded for a period of several hundred days following an earthquake, in a ...
Earthquake scaling relations for mid
... matical notation (see notation section). We then proceed with our own analysis, in which we derive new scaling relations based on areal measures of faulting. We conclude by using these relations to comment on the basic issues laid out in this introduction. ...
... matical notation (see notation section). We then proceed with our own analysis, in which we derive new scaling relations based on areal measures of faulting. We conclude by using these relations to comment on the basic issues laid out in this introduction. ...
Coseismic stress changes and crustal deformation on the Reykjanes
... Hengill triple junction (He), the Western Volcanic Zone (WVZ), the South Iceland Seismic Zone (SISZ), and the Eastern Volcanic Zone (EVZ) are indicated. The light shaded areas are individual fissure swarms with associated central volcanoes. Mapped surface faults of Holocene age are shown with black ...
... Hengill triple junction (He), the Western Volcanic Zone (WVZ), the South Iceland Seismic Zone (SISZ), and the Eastern Volcanic Zone (EVZ) are indicated. The light shaded areas are individual fissure swarms with associated central volcanoes. Mapped surface faults of Holocene age are shown with black ...
Intricacies of the Himalayan seismotectonics and seismogenesis
... Thereafter the Indus–Tsangpo Suture Zone ceased to be an active plate boundary. This observation is supported by the detailed study3 based on the scrutiny of the seismotectonics map of the Himalaya and earthquake epicentral location map as characterized over the major portion by a low a-value of 2 ( ...
... Thereafter the Indus–Tsangpo Suture Zone ceased to be an active plate boundary. This observation is supported by the detailed study3 based on the scrutiny of the seismotectonics map of the Himalaya and earthquake epicentral location map as characterized over the major portion by a low a-value of 2 ( ...
Two species of microcracks
... and has provided a wealth of information about the details of failure and fracture processes of rock in laboratory stress-cells. Lockner (1993) is a comprehensive review of a substantial number of studies of AE in rock specimens. At that time, the underlying hope was that monitoring AE might identif ...
... and has provided a wealth of information about the details of failure and fracture processes of rock in laboratory stress-cells. Lockner (1993) is a comprehensive review of a substantial number of studies of AE in rock specimens. At that time, the underlying hope was that monitoring AE might identif ...
Observations and Tectonic Setting of Historic
... without either any or good instrumental recordings. Earthquakes with both felt areas and good instrumental data (18 in Ⓔ Table 3 in the electronic edition of BSSA) were used for calibration of those earthquakes. Measurements of mb Lg at stations in eastern North America were made for events in the s ...
... without either any or good instrumental recordings. Earthquakes with both felt areas and good instrumental data (18 in Ⓔ Table 3 in the electronic edition of BSSA) were used for calibration of those earthquakes. Measurements of mb Lg at stations in eastern North America were made for events in the s ...
Tables
... on the Reykanes Peninsula in the first minute following the June 17 mainshock, as described above [6]. (2) In the “cascading seismicity” hypothesis, one earthquake triggers the next in a kind of seismic ...
... on the Reykanes Peninsula in the first minute following the June 17 mainshock, as described above [6]. (2) In the “cascading seismicity” hypothesis, one earthquake triggers the next in a kind of seismic ...
Change of crustal gravitational potential energy in the Taiwan
... and down randomly during the earthquake sequence, but an overall cumulative gain of the crustal GPE, +1.821016 J, was rapidly achieved in 1 month after the main shock. The crustal GPE was nearly still afterwards and reached +1.901016 J in 1 year. Spatially, although the main surface faulting has o ...
... and down randomly during the earthquake sequence, but an overall cumulative gain of the crustal GPE, +1.821016 J, was rapidly achieved in 1 month after the main shock. The crustal GPE was nearly still afterwards and reached +1.901016 J in 1 year. Spatially, although the main surface faulting has o ...
PDF version - Bullard Laboratories
... for moderate sized earthquakes in oceanic settings, and particularly near subduction zones, requires careful waveform modelling. The presence of high-impedance-contrast layering relating to nearsource sediments and the overlying water layer, and the multiples that result from both, make interpretati ...
... for moderate sized earthquakes in oceanic settings, and particularly near subduction zones, requires careful waveform modelling. The presence of high-impedance-contrast layering relating to nearsource sediments and the overlying water layer, and the multiples that result from both, make interpretati ...
Entire paper as a 2 MB file
... We use the Harvard CMT catalog to separate ocean-ridge seismicity into spreading and transform sub-catalogs. We use the tapered Gutenberg-Richter distribution to estimate the total seismic moment rates of plate-boundary zones from limited catalogs of large events. We present the plate boundary model ...
... We use the Harvard CMT catalog to separate ocean-ridge seismicity into spreading and transform sub-catalogs. We use the tapered Gutenberg-Richter distribution to estimate the total seismic moment rates of plate-boundary zones from limited catalogs of large events. We present the plate boundary model ...
Observing spatio-temporal clustering and separation using
... time window for aftershock collection, revealing a scale-free network of correlated earthquakes. Zaliapin et al. (2008) extended the analysis and revealed bimodal distributions of the generalized spatio-temporal separation of earthquake events. All of these works establish relationships between an e ...
... time window for aftershock collection, revealing a scale-free network of correlated earthquakes. Zaliapin et al. (2008) extended the analysis and revealed bimodal distributions of the generalized spatio-temporal separation of earthquake events. All of these works establish relationships between an e ...
Plate Tectonics and Earthquake Potential of Spreading Ridges and
... intended to allow for inevitable errors in the azimuths of short plate boundary segments in PB 1999, and also to permit all seafloor plate boundary segments to ultimately be classified as being either of spreading, transform, or subduction type. Selection criterion (f) concerning the orientation of ...
... intended to allow for inevitable errors in the azimuths of short plate boundary segments in PB 1999, and also to permit all seafloor plate boundary segments to ultimately be classified as being either of spreading, transform, or subduction type. Selection criterion (f) concerning the orientation of ...
SLOPE FAILURES AND PALEOSEISMICITY, EFFINGHAM INLET,
... In southwestern British Columbia and the U.S. Pacific Northwest, a region collectively known as “Cascadia”, the instrumental record of earthquake activity is short (less than 130 years). Southwestern British Columbia alone experiences more than 200 crustal and intraplate earthquakes a year, making i ...
... In southwestern British Columbia and the U.S. Pacific Northwest, a region collectively known as “Cascadia”, the instrumental record of earthquake activity is short (less than 130 years). Southwestern British Columbia alone experiences more than 200 crustal and intraplate earthquakes a year, making i ...
Creeping along the Ismetpasa section of the North Anatolian fault
... topographic phase. Of these, only seven interferograms have usable data (Fig. 4). One of the main restrictions on obtaining high-quality interferograms is the temporal decorrelation resulting from changes in the target scene due to erosion, vegetation, cultivation, seasonal fluctuation of water cont ...
... topographic phase. Of these, only seven interferograms have usable data (Fig. 4). One of the main restrictions on obtaining high-quality interferograms is the temporal decorrelation resulting from changes in the target scene due to erosion, vegetation, cultivation, seasonal fluctuation of water cont ...
The mechanism of intraplate earthquakes: insights from geodynamic
... faults without historically recorded earthquakes, such as the Meers fault in Oklahoma [Crone and Luza, 1990], appear to have had prehistoric large events [Clark and McCue, 2003]. The earthquakes in continental intraplate regions may also occur in temporal clusters. For example, earthquakes in North ...
... faults without historically recorded earthquakes, such as the Meers fault in Oklahoma [Crone and Luza, 1990], appear to have had prehistoric large events [Clark and McCue, 2003]. The earthquakes in continental intraplate regions may also occur in temporal clusters. For example, earthquakes in North ...
Clusters of Moderate Size Earthquakes along Main Central Thrust
... faulting was also advocated [32]. From the above discussion, it is apparent that the 1991 Uttarkashi and 1999 Chamoli earthquakes (Mw 6.8 and 6.6 respectively, Table 1) have been generated due to thrust movement along MCT and/or crustal ramp zone of MCT. Thus the MCT proper, its sympathetic faults a ...
... faulting was also advocated [32]. From the above discussion, it is apparent that the 1991 Uttarkashi and 1999 Chamoli earthquakes (Mw 6.8 and 6.6 respectively, Table 1) have been generated due to thrust movement along MCT and/or crustal ramp zone of MCT. Thus the MCT proper, its sympathetic faults a ...
Relationship between displacement and velocity
... Some researchers proposed scaling models lack of selfsimilarity, or spectrum models with two corner frequencies (e.g., Aki, 1972; Gusev, 1983; Koyama, 1985; Atkinson and Boore, 1995; Haddon, 1996). Those models are characterized by higher spectrum density in the high-frequency range than that of the ...
... Some researchers proposed scaling models lack of selfsimilarity, or spectrum models with two corner frequencies (e.g., Aki, 1972; Gusev, 1983; Koyama, 1985; Atkinson and Boore, 1995; Haddon, 1996). Those models are characterized by higher spectrum density in the high-frequency range than that of the ...
Segmentation of seismicity along the Himalayan Arc due to
... in the transition zone between the seismically active detachment to the south and the aseismically slipping detachment to the north (Fig. 1a,c). This zone of concentrated earthquakes, which at surface is only 2030 km wide and criss-crosses the Main Central Thrust (MCT) is referred to Himalayan Seism ...
... in the transition zone between the seismically active detachment to the south and the aseismically slipping detachment to the north (Fig. 1a,c). This zone of concentrated earthquakes, which at surface is only 2030 km wide and criss-crosses the Main Central Thrust (MCT) is referred to Himalayan Seism ...
2003 Miyagi-Hokubu (Japonya) - YERBİLİMLERİ
... such as the Tokai Earthquake Project in Japan and the Parkfield Earthquake Project in USA have been recently undertaken to progress on short-term prediction. The recent Parkfield earthquake on September 28, 2004 validated the prediction methodology based on the recurrence concept. If the stress stat ...
... such as the Tokai Earthquake Project in Japan and the Parkfield Earthquake Project in USA have been recently undertaken to progress on short-term prediction. The recent Parkfield earthquake on September 28, 2004 validated the prediction methodology based on the recurrence concept. If the stress stat ...
Subducted seafloor relief stops rupture in South American great
... segmentation, the statistical significance of these observations had hitherto not been ...
... segmentation, the statistical significance of these observations had hitherto not been ...
2 July 2014 Doug Tate Horowhenua District Council 126
... Horowhenua District Council Building SH1, Levin - Seismic Assessment As requested we have completed the Detailed Seismic Assessment (DSA) of the new Council Building and attach the full DSA report for your review. We have in accordance with your request reviewed the seismic assessment and performanc ...
... Horowhenua District Council Building SH1, Levin - Seismic Assessment As requested we have completed the Detailed Seismic Assessment (DSA) of the new Council Building and attach the full DSA report for your review. We have in accordance with your request reviewed the seismic assessment and performanc ...
SOFT-STOREY BEHAVIOUR IN AN EARTHQUAKE and
... is used. Just like an illness in one part of the body affects the whole body, so does an irregularity in a constructions. Because a construction is the whole with its ground and its super structure. Soft storey is the one of which the rigidity is lower than any other storeys due to the fact that it ...
... is used. Just like an illness in one part of the body affects the whole body, so does an irregularity in a constructions. Because a construction is the whole with its ground and its super structure. Soft storey is the one of which the rigidity is lower than any other storeys due to the fact that it ...
Earthquake Energy Release Mechanism
... waves that propagated downwards into the ground and reached the surface first. ...
... waves that propagated downwards into the ground and reached the surface first. ...
Instrumental seismic catalogue of Mt. Etna earthquakes
... eastern sector most of earthquakes are located within 7 km of depth and, the deepening of focii towards east is evident (Figure 10a). Most of the epicenters are concentrated in the northeastern flank, along the Pernicana Fault System, in the Valle del Bove and in a wide sector to the ESE of the Vall ...
... eastern sector most of earthquakes are located within 7 km of depth and, the deepening of focii towards east is evident (Figure 10a). Most of the epicenters are concentrated in the northeastern flank, along the Pernicana Fault System, in the Valle del Bove and in a wide sector to the ESE of the Vall ...
induced earthquakes correlations with earth`s crustal thickness
... region, Indonesia. They find out that reservoir potential is most enhanced in areas with large numbers of fractures with high ratios of shear to normal stress. This occurs in areas of the field that are in strike-slip stress style. Comparatively, reservoir potential is lower in areas of the field th ...
... region, Indonesia. They find out that reservoir potential is most enhanced in areas with large numbers of fractures with high ratios of shear to normal stress. This occurs in areas of the field that are in strike-slip stress style. Comparatively, reservoir potential is lower in areas of the field th ...
2009 L'Aquila earthquake
The 2009 L'Aquila earthquake occurred in the region of Abruzzo, in central Italy. The main shock occurred at 03:32 CEST (01:32 UTC) on 6 April 2009, and was rated 5.8 or 5.9 on the Richter scale and 6.3 on the moment magnitude scale; its epicentre was near L'Aquila, the capital of Abruzzo, which together with surrounding villages suffered most damage. There have been several thousand foreshocks and aftershocks since December 2008, more than thirty of which had a Richter magnitude greater than 3.5.The earthquake was felt throughout central Italy; 308 people are known to have died, making this the deadliest earthquake to hit Italy since the 1980 Irpinia earthquake. In a subsequent inquiry of the handling of the disaster, seven members of the Italian National Commission for the Forecast and Prevention of Major Risks were accused of giving ""inexact, incomplete and contradictory"" information about the danger of the tremors prior to the main quake.On 22 October 2012, six scientists and one ex-government official were convicted of multiple manslaughter for downplaying the likelihood of a major earthquake six days before it took place. They were each sentenced to six years' imprisonment. On 10 November 2014, the scientists convicted of manslaughter for failing to predict the deadly earthquake have had the verdict overturned. Some people say that science itself had been put on trial. Criticism was also applied to poor building standards that led to the failure of many modern buildings in a known earthquake zone: an official at Italy's Civil Protection Agency, Franco Barberi, said that ""in California, an earthquake like this one would not have killed a single person"".