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Plant chaperonins: a role in microtubule
... microtubule nucleation such as nuclear envelope and preprophase band. In addition, CCT~ was associated with tubulin in sites of elevated wall synthesis such as phragmoplast or along secondary-wall thickenings. CCTr and its substrate tubulin were found to be soluble during periods of cytoskeletal dyn ...
... microtubule nucleation such as nuclear envelope and preprophase band. In addition, CCT~ was associated with tubulin in sites of elevated wall synthesis such as phragmoplast or along secondary-wall thickenings. CCTr and its substrate tubulin were found to be soluble during periods of cytoskeletal dyn ...
Key Terms
... Cellular respiration is one type of chemical process that takes place in cells. All together, a cell's chemical processes make up the cell's metabolism. Because cellular respiration consists of a series of reactions, it is referred to as a metabolic pathway. A specific enzyme catalyzes (speeds up) e ...
... Cellular respiration is one type of chemical process that takes place in cells. All together, a cell's chemical processes make up the cell's metabolism. Because cellular respiration consists of a series of reactions, it is referred to as a metabolic pathway. A specific enzyme catalyzes (speeds up) e ...
Rab13 regulates PKA signaling during tight junction assembly
... of Rab13Q67L on the recruitment of TJ proteins, ZO-1 and claudin1 To determine whether the effect of Rab13 on claudin1 and ZO-1 recruitment could be mediated by PKA, we examined the consequences of PKA activation on the recruitment of ZO-1 and claudin1 in cells expressing GFP-Rab13Q67L using the Ca2 ...
... of Rab13Q67L on the recruitment of TJ proteins, ZO-1 and claudin1 To determine whether the effect of Rab13 on claudin1 and ZO-1 recruitment could be mediated by PKA, we examined the consequences of PKA activation on the recruitment of ZO-1 and claudin1 in cells expressing GFP-Rab13Q67L using the Ca2 ...
Single Cell Analysis in Microfluidic Devices
... all-or-nothing switch. The single cell analysis approach can in fact provide not only complementary information but rather reveal the actual functional interaction of biomolecules thus assisting in understanding complex biological systems on the cellular and tissue structural basis. This kind of bio ...
... all-or-nothing switch. The single cell analysis approach can in fact provide not only complementary information but rather reveal the actual functional interaction of biomolecules thus assisting in understanding complex biological systems on the cellular and tissue structural basis. This kind of bio ...
Chapter 36 PowerPoint
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
Lysine Acetylation - Regulator of Diverse Cellular Processes
... With the development of pan-acetyl-lysine antibodies and their use in mass spectrometry analyses, large scale proteomic studies of lysine acetylation sites revealed a previously unappreciated number of acetylated proteins. The first of such studies described 37 acetylated proteins in the cytoplasmic ...
... With the development of pan-acetyl-lysine antibodies and their use in mass spectrometry analyses, large scale proteomic studies of lysine acetylation sites revealed a previously unappreciated number of acetylated proteins. The first of such studies described 37 acetylated proteins in the cytoplasmic ...
Identification of NaHCO3 Stress Responsive Proteins in Dunaliella
... and molecular function (GO-MF) [22] (Figure S1). The distribution of functional categories was shown in Figure 2. The main biological functional categories represented were cellular process, metabolic process, single-organism process, response to stimulus and cellular component organization or bioge ...
... and molecular function (GO-MF) [22] (Figure S1). The distribution of functional categories was shown in Figure 2. The main biological functional categories represented were cellular process, metabolic process, single-organism process, response to stimulus and cellular component organization or bioge ...
Linking Cataracts to Cancer
... Cancer comprises four main groups of malignancies, carcinoma, sarcoma, lymphoma, and leukemia. All four of those groups affect different parts of the body, whether it is the blood, skin, or organs of an individual. Carcinoma is the most common form of cancerous malignancy that occurs in the body; it ...
... Cancer comprises four main groups of malignancies, carcinoma, sarcoma, lymphoma, and leukemia. All four of those groups affect different parts of the body, whether it is the blood, skin, or organs of an individual. Carcinoma is the most common form of cancerous malignancy that occurs in the body; it ...
Tomato LeAGP-1 is a plasma membrane-bound
... filtering and centrifugation, and the supernatant was ultracentrifuged for 45 min at 100 000 g to collect microsomal membranes. Pellets were suspended in a buffer (0.33 M sucrose, 3 mM KCl, and 5 mM potassium phosphate [pH 7.8]). PM vesicles were purified by aqueous two-phase partitioning (Larsson e ...
... filtering and centrifugation, and the supernatant was ultracentrifuged for 45 min at 100 000 g to collect microsomal membranes. Pellets were suspended in a buffer (0.33 M sucrose, 3 mM KCl, and 5 mM potassium phosphate [pH 7.8]). PM vesicles were purified by aqueous two-phase partitioning (Larsson e ...
2MemTrans
... A. an electrode raises the potential above the threshold level. B. potassium ions flow into the dendrite. C. voltage-gated Ca - channels open in the post-synaptic membrane. D. voltage-gated K - channels close along the axon. E. ligand-gated Na - channels open in the post-synaptic membrane. 3. A patc ...
... A. an electrode raises the potential above the threshold level. B. potassium ions flow into the dendrite. C. voltage-gated Ca - channels open in the post-synaptic membrane. D. voltage-gated K - channels close along the axon. E. ligand-gated Na - channels open in the post-synaptic membrane. 3. A patc ...
Regulation of a LATS-homolog by Ras GTPases is important for the
... was that the majority of mutant cells were larger and multinucleated (Figure 2B). When wild-type and ndrC-null cells were fixed and stained with TO-PRO-3 to visualize the nuclei, and counterstained for actin using Alexa Fluor 488-coupled phalloidin, the increased number of nuclei in the mutant was c ...
... was that the majority of mutant cells were larger and multinucleated (Figure 2B). When wild-type and ndrC-null cells were fixed and stained with TO-PRO-3 to visualize the nuclei, and counterstained for actin using Alexa Fluor 488-coupled phalloidin, the increased number of nuclei in the mutant was c ...
Phragmoplastin dynamics: multiple forms
... along the microtubules of phragmoplast to the forming cell plate (Staehelin and Hepler, 1996; Verma, 2001; Smith, 2001; Jurgens and Geldner, 2002; Bednarek and Falbel, 2002). This is based largely on observations from electron microscopy. A recent study on the formation of syncytial-type cell plates ...
... along the microtubules of phragmoplast to the forming cell plate (Staehelin and Hepler, 1996; Verma, 2001; Smith, 2001; Jurgens and Geldner, 2002; Bednarek and Falbel, 2002). This is based largely on observations from electron microscopy. A recent study on the formation of syncytial-type cell plates ...
Oxidative stress in bacteria and protein damage by reactive oxygen
... can restore the redox homeostasis of the cytosol and eliminate harmful oxidant by activation of the transcription factors SoxRS and OxyR. Irreversible oxidation of amino acid residues in a protein can be exerted by two major mechanisms: ionizing radiation and metal ion-catalyzed oxidation reactions. ...
... can restore the redox homeostasis of the cytosol and eliminate harmful oxidant by activation of the transcription factors SoxRS and OxyR. Irreversible oxidation of amino acid residues in a protein can be exerted by two major mechanisms: ionizing radiation and metal ion-catalyzed oxidation reactions. ...
In vivo interactions of higher plant Golgi matrix proteins by
... apparatus, the central organelle of this pathway, consists of a series of stacks of small flattened membrane sacs termed cisternae with a polarised structure. Here proteins are modified and carbohydrates synthesised. These stacks are motile within the cell and in leaves stay associated with another ...
... apparatus, the central organelle of this pathway, consists of a series of stacks of small flattened membrane sacs termed cisternae with a polarised structure. Here proteins are modified and carbohydrates synthesised. These stacks are motile within the cell and in leaves stay associated with another ...
The Single ENTH-Domain Protein of Trypanosomes
... in the cytoplasmic region of a polypeptide (6) and post-translational signals, in particular phosphorylation, glycosylation and/or ubiquitylation (7). A large number of cytoplasmic factors are required to accurately recognize these various endocytic signals and to drive traffic to the correct destin ...
... in the cytoplasmic region of a polypeptide (6) and post-translational signals, in particular phosphorylation, glycosylation and/or ubiquitylation (7). A large number of cytoplasmic factors are required to accurately recognize these various endocytic signals and to drive traffic to the correct destin ...
think!
... Cell Structure: Slime molds are multicellular mass when they are clumped together as seen above. They are beautifully colored with many being a bright yellow. ...
... Cell Structure: Slime molds are multicellular mass when they are clumped together as seen above. They are beautifully colored with many being a bright yellow. ...
Cell division in the green microalga Marvania
... spindle apparatus is developed (figs. 3, 5) the PM subtending ...
... spindle apparatus is developed (figs. 3, 5) the PM subtending ...
Arsenic Content in the Soil of Waco Wetlands
... In cell three, the arsenic levels with and without plants are extremely different. The without plants soil sample that was taken from cell 3, though not in the vicinity of live plants, ...
... In cell three, the arsenic levels with and without plants are extremely different. The without plants soil sample that was taken from cell 3, though not in the vicinity of live plants, ...
The Regulation of Glutaminolysis and Citric Acid Cycle Activity
... differently between the growth phase and the stationary growth phase than the cell-specific volume (Janke et al., 2011). Enzyme kinetics of glutaminolysis and lower citric acid cycle were described by conventional mass-action and Michaelis-Menten kinetics to derive a simple but, in a biological sens ...
... differently between the growth phase and the stationary growth phase than the cell-specific volume (Janke et al., 2011). Enzyme kinetics of glutaminolysis and lower citric acid cycle were described by conventional mass-action and Michaelis-Menten kinetics to derive a simple but, in a biological sens ...
Isolation and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies Directed
... and were washed with 5 vol of ice-cold HB medium. All further procedures were carried out at 0-4°C. The cells were resuspended in 4 vol of HBS medium, and were homogenized with 20 up-and-down passages of a motordriven pestle using a Potter/Elvehjem homogenizer. The homogenate was filtered through Mi ...
... and were washed with 5 vol of ice-cold HB medium. All further procedures were carried out at 0-4°C. The cells were resuspended in 4 vol of HBS medium, and were homogenized with 20 up-and-down passages of a motordriven pestle using a Potter/Elvehjem homogenizer. The homogenate was filtered through Mi ...
Enzymes Webquest - Wando High School
... What are the effects of environmental conditions on enzymatic activity? What are the effects of the pH on enzymatic activity? What are the effects of temperature on enzymatic activity? Specifically and at the molecular level, how to enzymes work? Define: induced fit Describe an enzymatic reaction - ...
... What are the effects of environmental conditions on enzymatic activity? What are the effects of the pH on enzymatic activity? What are the effects of temperature on enzymatic activity? Specifically and at the molecular level, how to enzymes work? Define: induced fit Describe an enzymatic reaction - ...
Cell Cycle & Mitosis
... mitosis at all because bacteria have only one chromosome attached to a cell membrane and use fission to create more bacteria. ...
... mitosis at all because bacteria have only one chromosome attached to a cell membrane and use fission to create more bacteria. ...
Mechanisms of mitochondrial protein import
... binds to a soluble 70 kDa complex consisting of Tim9 and Tim10 proteins. Such an interaction pulls the carrier protein across the Tom channel. The carrier is subsequently delivered to a 300 kDa membrane-embedded complex which, in addition to a small fraction of Tim9 and Tim10, contains two integral ...
... binds to a soluble 70 kDa complex consisting of Tim9 and Tim10 proteins. Such an interaction pulls the carrier protein across the Tom channel. The carrier is subsequently delivered to a 300 kDa membrane-embedded complex which, in addition to a small fraction of Tim9 and Tim10, contains two integral ...
Cytosol
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Crowded_cytosol.png?width=300)
The cytosol or intracellular fluid (ICF) or cytoplasmic matrix is the liquid found inside cells. It is separated into compartments by membranes. For example, the mitochondrial matrix separates the mitochondrion into many compartments.In the eukaryotic cell, the cytosol is within the cell membrane and is part of the cytoplasm, which also comprises the mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles (but not their internal fluids and structures); the cell nucleus is separate. In prokaryotes, most of the chemical reactions of metabolism take place in the cytosol, while a few take place in membranes or in the periplasmic space. In eukaryotes, while many metabolic pathways still occur in the cytosol, others are contained within organelles.The cytosol is a complex mixture of substances dissolved in water. Although water forms the large majority of the cytosol, its structure and properties within cells is not well understood. The concentrations of ions such as sodium and potassium are different in the cytosol than in the extracellular fluid; these differences in ion levels are important in processes such as osmoregulation, cell signaling, and the generation of action potentials in excitable cells such as endocrine, nerve and muscle cells. The cytosol also contains large amounts of macromolecules, which can alter how molecules behave, through macromolecular crowding.Although it was once thought to be a simple solution of molecules, the cytosol has multiple levels of organization. These include concentration gradients of small molecules such as calcium, large complexes of enzymes that act together to carry out metabolic pathways, and protein complexes such as proteasomes and carboxysomes that enclose and separate parts of the cytosol.