Foreword
... process. However, since we have a poor understanding of how these processes influence and change cell wall ultrastructure and overall composition, these processes may alter the cell wall assembly of the bio-polymers in unintentional ways that lead to suboptimal extraction and utilisation of the resi ...
... process. However, since we have a poor understanding of how these processes influence and change cell wall ultrastructure and overall composition, these processes may alter the cell wall assembly of the bio-polymers in unintentional ways that lead to suboptimal extraction and utilisation of the resi ...
Tuesday 11/15/05
... AIM: How do water molecules move across the cell membrane? DO NOW: The cell transport handout page 111 Reading toolbox: create a concept map connecting the following terms: the cell membrane, concentration gradient, cell transport, the plasma membrane, passive ...
... AIM: How do water molecules move across the cell membrane? DO NOW: The cell transport handout page 111 Reading toolbox: create a concept map connecting the following terms: the cell membrane, concentration gradient, cell transport, the plasma membrane, passive ...
Phosphorylation of Bni4 by MAP kinases contributes to septum
... assembly through Bni4. This model, based on the coordinated phosphorylation of Bni4 by both kinases, would be able to integrate cellular signals rapidly to maintain cell integrity during cytokinesis. Keywords: cytokinesis; septum assembly; MAP kinase ...
... assembly through Bni4. This model, based on the coordinated phosphorylation of Bni4 by both kinases, would be able to integrate cellular signals rapidly to maintain cell integrity during cytokinesis. Keywords: cytokinesis; septum assembly; MAP kinase ...
A matter of size: developmental control of organ size in plants
... in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) [31••]. This result suggests that CycD2 is a coordinator of growth and cell division because ectopic CycD2 expression stimulates both growth and the cell cycle in the SAM, which therefore produces meristem cells at a faster-than-normal rate. In animals, overexpress ...
... in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) [31••]. This result suggests that CycD2 is a coordinator of growth and cell division because ectopic CycD2 expression stimulates both growth and the cell cycle in the SAM, which therefore produces meristem cells at a faster-than-normal rate. In animals, overexpress ...
Lateral inhibition and the development of the sensory bristles of the
... Hartenstein and Posakony (1989) counted approximately 14 epidermal cells for each microchaete. This number corresponds well with the number of hairs on the differentiated cuticle where microchaetae are separated by 5 to 6 hairs. It is therefore likely that each hair is the product of a single epider ...
... Hartenstein and Posakony (1989) counted approximately 14 epidermal cells for each microchaete. This number corresponds well with the number of hairs on the differentiated cuticle where microchaetae are separated by 5 to 6 hairs. It is therefore likely that each hair is the product of a single epider ...
Study Guide for Chapter 1 Test
... nucleic acid, nucleotide, RNA, DNA, protein, amino acid, chemical reaction, reactant, product, activation energy, catalyst, enzyme, substrate ...
... nucleic acid, nucleotide, RNA, DNA, protein, amino acid, chemical reaction, reactant, product, activation energy, catalyst, enzyme, substrate ...
Carbohydrates Learning Objective Carbohydrates
... This results in an easily identifiable brown precipitate. ...
... This results in an easily identifiable brown precipitate. ...
Gastrulation dynamics: cells move into focus - MPI
... diverse embryonic cell types into separate tissues, which involves the movement of cells relative to each other, might be a result of their different adhesive properties [4]. Once segregated, this differential adhesiveness would also enable the various populations of cells to remain separated from e ...
... diverse embryonic cell types into separate tissues, which involves the movement of cells relative to each other, might be a result of their different adhesive properties [4]. Once segregated, this differential adhesiveness would also enable the various populations of cells to remain separated from e ...
HIF-2α phosphorylation by CK1δ promotes erythropoietin secretion
... upper panel), while phosphorylation of HIF-2α-366-542 S383A and HIF-2α-366-542 T528A was reduced by 49% and 40%, respectively, showing that CK1δ might preferentially target Ser383 (Fig. 4A, lower panel). When recombinant CK1δ was substituted by total soluble protein extracts of Huh7 cells as a kinas ...
... upper panel), while phosphorylation of HIF-2α-366-542 S383A and HIF-2α-366-542 T528A was reduced by 49% and 40%, respectively, showing that CK1δ might preferentially target Ser383 (Fig. 4A, lower panel). When recombinant CK1δ was substituted by total soluble protein extracts of Huh7 cells as a kinas ...
COMMENTARY REDOX SIGNALLING BY TRANSCRIPTION
... would be lethal without pretreatment [12]. This observation indicates that cells can activate an adaptive genetic program against oxidative stress [13]. The genetic response to oxidative stress has been studied intensively in bacteria [reviewed in Refs. 14-16]. In Escherichia coli. the synthesis of ...
... would be lethal without pretreatment [12]. This observation indicates that cells can activate an adaptive genetic program against oxidative stress [13]. The genetic response to oxidative stress has been studied intensively in bacteria [reviewed in Refs. 14-16]. In Escherichia coli. the synthesis of ...
Behavior of Plants in Response to Hormones
... the structure and function of an organism 1) Produced in one structure/area 2) Transported to a target area/structure 3) Binds to a protein receptor at target site 4) Triggers a signal transduction response at target cells/tissues ...
... the structure and function of an organism 1) Produced in one structure/area 2) Transported to a target area/structure 3) Binds to a protein receptor at target site 4) Triggers a signal transduction response at target cells/tissues ...
Desiccation Tolerance of Prokaryotes: Application of Principles to
... reactions, are complex and in many cases the details remain lacking. Five-membered hydantoin rings in DNA derive from the oxidative decay of six-membered pyrimidines and accumulate slowly as a function of time and oxygen exposure. The occurrence of such modified bases is problematic because neither ...
... reactions, are complex and in many cases the details remain lacking. Five-membered hydantoin rings in DNA derive from the oxidative decay of six-membered pyrimidines and accumulate slowly as a function of time and oxygen exposure. The occurrence of such modified bases is problematic because neither ...
- Haverford Scholarship
... (MR 10-2) did not bind KKF (data not shown). (d) Resuhs of two-color analysisof KKF stainedwith PE-conjugatedGK1.5(anti-CD4) and FITCconjugated 53-6.7 (anti-CDS). or -3' gene expression was detected. Because it was possible that the c~ transcript was present at a level too low in KKF to be detected ...
... (MR 10-2) did not bind KKF (data not shown). (d) Resuhs of two-color analysisof KKF stainedwith PE-conjugatedGK1.5(anti-CD4) and FITCconjugated 53-6.7 (anti-CDS). or -3' gene expression was detected. Because it was possible that the c~ transcript was present at a level too low in KKF to be detected ...
Hyperosmotic stress-induced actin filament reorganization in leaf
... The hyperosmotic treatment of leaf pieces of C. comosum with 1 M mannitol induced plasmolysis in every cell type. Most of the epidermal and mesophyll cells (EC and MCs) examined, displayed convex or concave plasmolysis (Figs 1A±D, 3K, L). In a few plasmolysed cells, interconnected sub-protoplasts we ...
... The hyperosmotic treatment of leaf pieces of C. comosum with 1 M mannitol induced plasmolysis in every cell type. Most of the epidermal and mesophyll cells (EC and MCs) examined, displayed convex or concave plasmolysis (Figs 1A±D, 3K, L). In a few plasmolysed cells, interconnected sub-protoplasts we ...
Overcoming anoikis - Journal of Cell Science
... promoting survival because it inhibits several pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bad, caspase-9, glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) and forkhead transcription factors, and promotes AIG (reviewed by Chiarugi and Giannoni, 2008; Wang, 2004). In addition, several key regulators of EMT are also involved ...
... promoting survival because it inhibits several pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bad, caspase-9, glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) and forkhead transcription factors, and promotes AIG (reviewed by Chiarugi and Giannoni, 2008; Wang, 2004). In addition, several key regulators of EMT are also involved ...
IBiology I Lecture Outline 8 Monera
... 4. Prokaryotes (organisms tlrat Irave prokaryotic cells) are haploid (N = I). They have only 1 circular chromosome. 5. There are no chromosome pairs - so no diploid (2N) condition 6. Binary fission is the asexual method of reproduction in bacterill A. The single circular chromosome replicate ...
... 4. Prokaryotes (organisms tlrat Irave prokaryotic cells) are haploid (N = I). They have only 1 circular chromosome. 5. There are no chromosome pairs - so no diploid (2N) condition 6. Binary fission is the asexual method of reproduction in bacterill A. The single circular chromosome replicate ...
Biology - OpenWetWare
... – Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus in which their genetic material is separated from the rest of the cell. – Eukaryotic cells are generally larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. – Eukaryotic cells generally contain dozens of structures and internal membranes. – Many eukaryotic cells are ...
... – Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus in which their genetic material is separated from the rest of the cell. – Eukaryotic cells are generally larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. – Eukaryotic cells generally contain dozens of structures and internal membranes. – Many eukaryotic cells are ...
Target Predictions using LINCS Data
... are tested on 18 different cell types, which were selected from diverse lineages which span established cancer cell lines, immortalized (but not transformed) primary cells and both cycling and quiescent cells. The gene expression profiles were measured using the L1000 assay2 . This is a bead-based a ...
... are tested on 18 different cell types, which were selected from diverse lineages which span established cancer cell lines, immortalized (but not transformed) primary cells and both cycling and quiescent cells. The gene expression profiles were measured using the L1000 assay2 . This is a bead-based a ...
how death shapes life during development
... these cells? The destruction of cells was first observed by developmental biologists during the 1800s, but cell death was not clearly recognized as having a normal, formative role in developing animals until this was articulated by Glücksmann1 in 1951 (BOX 1). Several terms have been used to describ ...
... these cells? The destruction of cells was first observed by developmental biologists during the 1800s, but cell death was not clearly recognized as having a normal, formative role in developing animals until this was articulated by Glücksmann1 in 1951 (BOX 1). Several terms have been used to describ ...
Alternative translation initiation gives rise to two isoforms of Orai1
... To investigate the formation of alternative translation products of Orai1, we first mutated the first methionine codon (ATG) to that of alanine (GCG) to block the production of full-length Orai1 [Orai1(M1A)]. When expressed in HEK293 cells, Orai1(M1A) showed only one band after PNGase F treatment th ...
... To investigate the formation of alternative translation products of Orai1, we first mutated the first methionine codon (ATG) to that of alanine (GCG) to block the production of full-length Orai1 [Orai1(M1A)]. When expressed in HEK293 cells, Orai1(M1A) showed only one band after PNGase F treatment th ...
Endomembrane trafficking protein SEC24A regulates cell size
... Size is a fundamental characteristic of a cell, but how cell size is determined is still not well understood in most living organisms (Marshall et al., 2012). Cells of different types typically have characteristic sizes, indicating that size is carefully regulated to fit cell functions during differ ...
... Size is a fundamental characteristic of a cell, but how cell size is determined is still not well understood in most living organisms (Marshall et al., 2012). Cells of different types typically have characteristic sizes, indicating that size is carefully regulated to fit cell functions during differ ...
MAP Kinase Pathways
... Molecular Cell Biology, 7 Edition Copyright © 2013 by W. H. Freeman and Company ...
... Molecular Cell Biology, 7 Edition Copyright © 2013 by W. H. Freeman and Company ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.