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148 - Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research
... human protein kinase gene family consists of 518 members along with 106 pseudogenes. Furthermore, about 50 of the 518 gene products lack important catalytic residues and are called protein pseudokinases. The non-catalytic allosteric interaction of protein kinases and pseudokinases with other protein ...
... human protein kinase gene family consists of 518 members along with 106 pseudogenes. Furthermore, about 50 of the 518 gene products lack important catalytic residues and are called protein pseudokinases. The non-catalytic allosteric interaction of protein kinases and pseudokinases with other protein ...
Lesson 8. Enzymes
... Enzymes composed wholly of protein are known as simple enzymes in contrast to complex enzymes, which are composed of protein plus a relatively small organic molecule. Complex enzymes are also known as holo-enzymes. The nonprotein component of an enzyme may be as simple as a metal ion or as complex a ...
... Enzymes composed wholly of protein are known as simple enzymes in contrast to complex enzymes, which are composed of protein plus a relatively small organic molecule. Complex enzymes are also known as holo-enzymes. The nonprotein component of an enzyme may be as simple as a metal ion or as complex a ...
Malonyl-CoA and AMP-activated protein kinase: An expanding
... failed to observed an increase in MCD activity in cardiac muscle during ischemia-reperfusion, a situation in which they had previously observed a decrease in ACC activity at a subsaturating concentration of acetyl CoA. Results from our laboratory suggested that the concentration of malonyl-CoA in li ...
... failed to observed an increase in MCD activity in cardiac muscle during ischemia-reperfusion, a situation in which they had previously observed a decrease in ACC activity at a subsaturating concentration of acetyl CoA. Results from our laboratory suggested that the concentration of malonyl-CoA in li ...
Passenger Protein Determines Translocation Versus Retention in
... 100 mM sodium carbonate solution (pH, 11.4) on ice for 15 minutes. The samples were ultracentrifuged to separate soluble fraction from the membranous fraction. In experiment with methotrexate (MTX), 100 nM was used as the final concentration. All radioactive electrophoresed bands were visualized thr ...
... 100 mM sodium carbonate solution (pH, 11.4) on ice for 15 minutes. The samples were ultracentrifuged to separate soluble fraction from the membranous fraction. In experiment with methotrexate (MTX), 100 nM was used as the final concentration. All radioactive electrophoresed bands were visualized thr ...
AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylates transcription factors of
... Since previous reports show a cAMP response element in the promoter region of the hexokinase II gene, we hypothesized that the cAMP-response element (CRE) binding protein (CREB) family of transcription factors could be targets of AMPK. Using radioisotopic kinase assays, we found that recombinant and ...
... Since previous reports show a cAMP response element in the promoter region of the hexokinase II gene, we hypothesized that the cAMP-response element (CRE) binding protein (CREB) family of transcription factors could be targets of AMPK. Using radioisotopic kinase assays, we found that recombinant and ...
bme-biochem-3-kh-enzymes-9
... • Enzymes that can be activated will be affected by the amount of activator or inhibitor attached to its allosteric site. An abundance of an allosteric activator will convert more enzymes to the active form creating more product. • Enzymes that are part of a metabolic pathway may be inhibited b ...
... • Enzymes that can be activated will be affected by the amount of activator or inhibitor attached to its allosteric site. An abundance of an allosteric activator will convert more enzymes to the active form creating more product. • Enzymes that are part of a metabolic pathway may be inhibited b ...
What is an enzyme? Function of enzymes
... enzyme cannot change conformations to the transition state. Therefore, enzymes must actually be complementary to the transition state so the reaction may proceed. This idea was researched by Haldane in 1930, and Linus Pauling in 1946. This idea led the Induced Fit theory, postulated by Daniel Ko ...
... enzyme cannot change conformations to the transition state. Therefore, enzymes must actually be complementary to the transition state so the reaction may proceed. This idea was researched by Haldane in 1930, and Linus Pauling in 1946. This idea led the Induced Fit theory, postulated by Daniel Ko ...
A Molecular Basis for Multiple Herbicide Resistance in Black
... 1. C120V mutant (incapable of being alkylated in this position by NBD-Cl) is dramatically less inhibited by NBD-Cl than AmGSTF1. 2. C120V mutant has a 15 % higher specific activity toward CDNB than AmGSTF1 (see DMSO control). ...
... 1. C120V mutant (incapable of being alkylated in this position by NBD-Cl) is dramatically less inhibited by NBD-Cl than AmGSTF1. 2. C120V mutant has a 15 % higher specific activity toward CDNB than AmGSTF1 (see DMSO control). ...
Effects of monosulfuron-ester on metabolic processes of nitrogen
... 0.03–0.3 nmol/L stimulated the production of proteins in both cyanobacteria, but the reverse was observed at higher concentrations (i.e. 30–300 nmol/L). The protein content of A. flos-aquae cell cultures treated with monosulfuron-ester at 0.03 and 0.3 nmol/L increased 101 and 89%, respectively relat ...
... 0.03–0.3 nmol/L stimulated the production of proteins in both cyanobacteria, but the reverse was observed at higher concentrations (i.e. 30–300 nmol/L). The protein content of A. flos-aquae cell cultures treated with monosulfuron-ester at 0.03 and 0.3 nmol/L increased 101 and 89%, respectively relat ...
Activation and Stabilization of Penicillin V Acylase from
... presence of ethylene glycol. The other glycols and glycerol also enhanced PVA activity but to lower extents. This behavior may be attributed to the nucleophilicity of the polyols, which depends on their chemical structures (Figure 2). As a matter of fact, there may be higher or lower PVA activation ...
... presence of ethylene glycol. The other glycols and glycerol also enhanced PVA activity but to lower extents. This behavior may be attributed to the nucleophilicity of the polyols, which depends on their chemical structures (Figure 2). As a matter of fact, there may be higher or lower PVA activation ...
Metabolic implications of methionine excess. Effects of
... present, we have no data concerning in vivo lipogenesis or lipolysis under these conditions, but we intend to examine them. As reported by many authors, Ser DH is induced by fasting (Goswami and Chatagner, 1966 ; Hoshino and Krbger, 1969), and with a high protein diet its activity remains high (Ande ...
... present, we have no data concerning in vivo lipogenesis or lipolysis under these conditions, but we intend to examine them. As reported by many authors, Ser DH is induced by fasting (Goswami and Chatagner, 1966 ; Hoshino and Krbger, 1969), and with a high protein diet its activity remains high (Ande ...
The role of calcium and other ions in sorting and delivery in the late
... mammalian cells, complementary data have been obtained for homotypic fusion of early endosomes [24] and heterotypic fusion of late endosomes with lysosomes [20]. In both systems, fusion was inhibited by BAPTA but not EGTA and was also prevented by pre-incubation with a membranepermeable ester, EGTA- ...
... mammalian cells, complementary data have been obtained for homotypic fusion of early endosomes [24] and heterotypic fusion of late endosomes with lysosomes [20]. In both systems, fusion was inhibited by BAPTA but not EGTA and was also prevented by pre-incubation with a membranepermeable ester, EGTA- ...
Chapter 10 Enzymes - Angelo State University
... basis of the reaction which they catalyze. Each enzyme has an unambiguous (and often long) systematic name that specifies the substrate of the enzyme (the substance acted on), the functional group acted on, and the type of reaction catalyzed. All EC names end in –ase. ...
... basis of the reaction which they catalyze. Each enzyme has an unambiguous (and often long) systematic name that specifies the substrate of the enzyme (the substance acted on), the functional group acted on, and the type of reaction catalyzed. All EC names end in –ase. ...
GLUCONEOGENESIS
... Km, the change in substrate concentration does not change the reaction rate appreciably. • Thus, controlling a metabolic flux is not normally achieved by varying substrate concentrations. ...
... Km, the change in substrate concentration does not change the reaction rate appreciably. • Thus, controlling a metabolic flux is not normally achieved by varying substrate concentrations. ...
Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors
... Current Pharmaceutical Design, 2013, Vol. 19, No. 4 ...
... Current Pharmaceutical Design, 2013, Vol. 19, No. 4 ...
Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam
... Fig. 5. Stimulation of ATPase complex by dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (A, D) and dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol (B, C). Experimental conditions as described in Fig. 2. Closed symbols, without oligomycin. Open symbols, incubation with 40 pg oligomycin/mg protein. In agreement with previous results [ ...
... Fig. 5. Stimulation of ATPase complex by dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (A, D) and dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol (B, C). Experimental conditions as described in Fig. 2. Closed symbols, without oligomycin. Open symbols, incubation with 40 pg oligomycin/mg protein. In agreement with previous results [ ...
fiiformis1 - Plant Physiology
... The Xa"thophycean alp Bumilkropsis filiformis possesses peroxisomes which on electron micrographs show a mostly spherical or ovoid shape with a diameter in the range of 03 micrometer. Their granular matrix is usually of moderate electron density and in a very few cases contains amorphous inclusions. ...
... The Xa"thophycean alp Bumilkropsis filiformis possesses peroxisomes which on electron micrographs show a mostly spherical or ovoid shape with a diameter in the range of 03 micrometer. Their granular matrix is usually of moderate electron density and in a very few cases contains amorphous inclusions. ...
Full-Text PDF
... a single / domain that contains at the core a Rossmann fold motif similar to lactate dehydrogenase (Figure 1) consisting of 5–6 -strands that form a twisted -sheet surrounded by two pairs of -helices [4]. This represented a novel fold for a zinc metallohydrolase at the time the first structure ...
... a single / domain that contains at the core a Rossmann fold motif similar to lactate dehydrogenase (Figure 1) consisting of 5–6 -strands that form a twisted -sheet surrounded by two pairs of -helices [4]. This represented a novel fold for a zinc metallohydrolase at the time the first structure ...
8)Discuss the roles of cofactors and coenzymes in enzyme activity.
... Many enzymes posses prosthetic groups that are non-amino acid in their nature. Prosthetic group is name reserved for a permanently attached cofactor or coenzyme group.Those conjugated proteins (apoenzyme and cofactor/coenzyme) are called as holoenzymes. A holoenzyme is dissociated into a protein com ...
... Many enzymes posses prosthetic groups that are non-amino acid in their nature. Prosthetic group is name reserved for a permanently attached cofactor or coenzyme group.Those conjugated proteins (apoenzyme and cofactor/coenzyme) are called as holoenzymes. A holoenzyme is dissociated into a protein com ...
Effect of Ca on H -ATPase activity of plasma membrane in
... pump that directly couples ATP hydrolysis with the vectorial transport of H into the appolast. The electrochemical proton gradient acts as a driving force for the secondary transport of ions and nutrients into and out of cell. It also controls some major physiological-biochemical process, e.g. gro ...
... pump that directly couples ATP hydrolysis with the vectorial transport of H into the appolast. The electrochemical proton gradient acts as a driving force for the secondary transport of ions and nutrients into and out of cell. It also controls some major physiological-biochemical process, e.g. gro ...
dbPSP: a curated database for protein phosphorylation sites in
... its critical roles in various cellular processes such as signal transduction. Thus, an integrative data resource of the prokaryotic phosphorylation will be useful for further analysis. In this study, we presented a curated database of phosphorylation sites in prokaryotes (dbPSP, Database URL: http:/ ...
... its critical roles in various cellular processes such as signal transduction. Thus, an integrative data resource of the prokaryotic phosphorylation will be useful for further analysis. In this study, we presented a curated database of phosphorylation sites in prokaryotes (dbPSP, Database URL: http:/ ...
Enzyme
... Stored at high concentration, as lyophilized powders, or in a concentrated (NH4)2SO4 solution Some proteases may go through autolysis during storage. Some enzymes are easier to subject to denaturation at low concentrations. Stored at low temperatures Be careful: freeze-thaw cycles would inac ...
... Stored at high concentration, as lyophilized powders, or in a concentrated (NH4)2SO4 solution Some proteases may go through autolysis during storage. Some enzymes are easier to subject to denaturation at low concentrations. Stored at low temperatures Be careful: freeze-thaw cycles would inac ...
Effects of signaling on subcellular localization of MITF
... Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is the master regulator of melanocytes and plays a crucial role in melanoma. MITF is known from the literature to be regulated by signaling, for example through the MAPK pathway which mediates signals with protein phosphorylations. The MAPK pathw ...
... Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is the master regulator of melanocytes and plays a crucial role in melanoma. MITF is known from the literature to be regulated by signaling, for example through the MAPK pathway which mediates signals with protein phosphorylations. The MAPK pathw ...
Engineering the substrate and inhibitor specificities of human
... changes to substrate specificity often require global changes to the protein structure [12,13]. In contrast with the challenge associated with generating new substrate specificities via the introduction of specific interactions, the generation of FVIIa variants that do not interact with ATIII, but m ...
... changes to substrate specificity often require global changes to the protein structure [12,13]. In contrast with the challenge associated with generating new substrate specificities via the introduction of specific interactions, the generation of FVIIa variants that do not interact with ATIII, but m ...
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
... Supplementary Fig. 5. Effects of various salts on the thermostability of purified vcINDY ...
... Supplementary Fig. 5. Effects of various salts on the thermostability of purified vcINDY ...
Ultrasensitivity
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ultrasensitivity.png?width=300)
In molecular biology, ultrasensitivity describes an output response that is more sensitive to stimulus change than the hyperbolic Michaelis-Menten response. Ultrasensitivity is one of the biochemical switches in the cell cycle and has been implicated in a number of important cellular events, including exiting G2 cell cycle arrests in Xenopus laevis oocytes, a stage to which the cell or organism would not want to return.Ultrasensitivity is a cellular system which triggers entry into a different cellular state. Ultrasensitivity gives a small response to first input signal, but an increase in the input signal produces higher and higher levels of output. This acts to filter out noise, as small stimuli and threshold concentrations of the stimulus (input signal) is necessary for the trigger which allows the system to get activated quickly. Ultrasensitive responses are represented by sigmoidal graphs, which resemble cooperativity. Quantification of ultrasensitivity is often approximated by the Hill equation (biochemistry):Response= Stimulus^n/(EC50^n+Stimulus^n)Where Hill's coefficient (n) may represent quantitative measure of ultrasensitive response.