Spin Foam Models of Quantum Spacetime
... triangulations arise, and presenting also a few possible variations of the procedure used, discussing the problems they present. We also describe how, from the same perspective, a spin foam model that couples quantum gravity to any gauge theory may be constructed, and its consequences for our unders ...
... triangulations arise, and presenting also a few possible variations of the procedure used, discussing the problems they present. We also describe how, from the same perspective, a spin foam model that couples quantum gravity to any gauge theory may be constructed, and its consequences for our unders ...
Interaction and confinement in nanostructures: Spin
... (phonons). Therefore, the electron-electron (e-e) and electron-phonon (e-p) interactions set the limit for the observation of coherent phenomena in nanostructures at low temperatures. On the other hand, the e-e interaction itself causes profound effects like collective excitations of electrons, whic ...
... (phonons). Therefore, the electron-electron (e-e) and electron-phonon (e-p) interactions set the limit for the observation of coherent phenomena in nanostructures at low temperatures. On the other hand, the e-e interaction itself causes profound effects like collective excitations of electrons, whic ...
Comprehensive description of deformation of solids as wave dynamics
... load is removed is an example. This postulate indicates that each of these local elastic deformations can be expressed by a transformation that represents Hooke’s law with the local coordinate system (local frame). If the local frame is oriented to the principal axis, the corresponding transformatio ...
... load is removed is an example. This postulate indicates that each of these local elastic deformations can be expressed by a transformation that represents Hooke’s law with the local coordinate system (local frame). If the local frame is oriented to the principal axis, the corresponding transformatio ...
Black Spot.
... entropy and microstates with horizons, etc. ; the total entropy would become an infinite sum. The horizon of the fuzzball is placed at the boundary of the generic fuzzball, the most probable microstate. Several other concepts are briefly introduced here, like fractionation, density of degrees of fre ...
... entropy and microstates with horizons, etc. ; the total entropy would become an infinite sum. The horizon of the fuzzball is placed at the boundary of the generic fuzzball, the most probable microstate. Several other concepts are briefly introduced here, like fractionation, density of degrees of fre ...
Phase diagram for charge-density waves in a magnetic field
... The Pauli term breaks the rotational symmetry of the complex vectorial SDW order parameter, constraining its direction perpendicularly to magnetic field. With this constraint taken into account, the SDW phase diagram depends only on the orbital coupling, provided that the system is perfectly magneti ...
... The Pauli term breaks the rotational symmetry of the complex vectorial SDW order parameter, constraining its direction perpendicularly to magnetic field. With this constraint taken into account, the SDW phase diagram depends only on the orbital coupling, provided that the system is perfectly magneti ...
Axial gravity, massless fermions and trace anomalies
... such a measure is a long-standing and unsolved problem. One can bypass it by using Feynman diagram techniques, where the fermion path integral measure does not play a direct role. However there is a way to carry out the same calculation on a theory of Dirac fermions, so that no fastidious objections ...
... such a measure is a long-standing and unsolved problem. One can bypass it by using Feynman diagram techniques, where the fermion path integral measure does not play a direct role. However there is a way to carry out the same calculation on a theory of Dirac fermions, so that no fastidious objections ...
Introduction to String Theory
... B String theories at strong coupling and string duality B.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B.2 The type IIB SL(2, Z) self-duality . . . . . . . . . . . . B.2.1 Type IIB S-duality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B.2.2 Additional support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. ...
... B String theories at strong coupling and string duality B.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B.2 The type IIB SL(2, Z) self-duality . . . . . . . . . . . . B.2.1 Type IIB S-duality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B.2.2 Additional support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B. ...
Gravitoelectromagnetism (GEM): A Group
... since the spin of the graviton gives rise to the field equations of GEM. In this formulation gravity is described by two tensor fields (gravitoelectromagnetic fields) which are symmetric and traceless tensors of rank two that satisfy a set of Maxwell-like field equations. The fact that these tensor ...
... since the spin of the graviton gives rise to the field equations of GEM. In this formulation gravity is described by two tensor fields (gravitoelectromagnetic fields) which are symmetric and traceless tensors of rank two that satisfy a set of Maxwell-like field equations. The fact that these tensor ...
lecture 3
... Symmetries associated with conservation of vector and axial-vector currents are critical in arriving at a veracious understanding of hadron structure and interactions Example: axial-vector Ward-Green-Takahashi identity – Statement of chiral symmetry and the pattern by which it’s broken in quantu ...
... Symmetries associated with conservation of vector and axial-vector currents are critical in arriving at a veracious understanding of hadron structure and interactions Example: axial-vector Ward-Green-Takahashi identity – Statement of chiral symmetry and the pattern by which it’s broken in quantu ...
Physics of the Large Hadron Collider Lecture 1: Fundamentals of the
... Fundamentals of QCD Can be understood in terms of screening and anti-screening by vacuum bubbles: ...
... Fundamentals of QCD Can be understood in terms of screening and anti-screening by vacuum bubbles: ...
An Introduction to the Standard Model
... theoretical framework. A theoretical framework of which the local quantum field theory description of the Standard Model would be just a “low energy”/”large distance” limit. At present the most complete and plausible description of quantum gravity is a theory formulated in terms of non-point-like ob ...
... theoretical framework. A theoretical framework of which the local quantum field theory description of the Standard Model would be just a “low energy”/”large distance” limit. At present the most complete and plausible description of quantum gravity is a theory formulated in terms of non-point-like ob ...
The Little Book of String Theory (Science Essentials)
... Now that we’re up to the modern day, let’s detour to consider the two types of collisions I just mentioned. Proton collisions will soon be the main focus of experimental high-energy physics, thanks to a big experimental facility near Geneva called the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The LHC will accele ...
... Now that we’re up to the modern day, let’s detour to consider the two types of collisions I just mentioned. Proton collisions will soon be the main focus of experimental high-energy physics, thanks to a big experimental facility near Geneva called the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The LHC will accele ...
Effects of Spin-Orbit Coupling on Quantum Transport
... Since the electron is accelerating the reference frame is constantly changing. This amounts to successive Lorentz boosts. However since Lorentz boosts do not form a subgroup in the group of Lorentz transformations (which includes boosts and rotations) two successive boosts are in general not equival ...
... Since the electron is accelerating the reference frame is constantly changing. This amounts to successive Lorentz boosts. However since Lorentz boosts do not form a subgroup in the group of Lorentz transformations (which includes boosts and rotations) two successive boosts are in general not equival ...
here.
... interactions. This branch of physics is also called (elementary) particle physics or high energy physics and sometimes sub-atomic or sub-nuclear physics. Sub-atomic/nuclear means of size less than atomic/nuclear dimensions, rather than ‘lying inside the atom/nucleus’. • The word elementary particle ...
... interactions. This branch of physics is also called (elementary) particle physics or high energy physics and sometimes sub-atomic or sub-nuclear physics. Sub-atomic/nuclear means of size less than atomic/nuclear dimensions, rather than ‘lying inside the atom/nucleus’. • The word elementary particle ...
Non-collinear magnetism in Density-Functional - diss.fu
... Density-Functional Theory (DFT) is presently the most widely used approach to determine the electronic structure of atoms, molecules and solids. Its applicability depends crucially on physically sound and numerically accessible approximations to the exchange-correlation-energy functional. Despite th ...
... Density-Functional Theory (DFT) is presently the most widely used approach to determine the electronic structure of atoms, molecules and solids. Its applicability depends crucially on physically sound and numerically accessible approximations to the exchange-correlation-energy functional. Despite th ...