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BIOLOGY Cell Review Notes (source: SW Biology 11)
BIOLOGY Cell Review Notes (source: SW Biology 11)

...  ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER): The ER is a system of membranous tubules and sacs. The ER functions primarily as an intracellular highway of membranes that connect the nucleus to the cell membrane, a path along which molecules move from one part of the cell to another. The amount of ER inside a cell f ...
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2282 MC-025 Bax 2D2 for pdf

... Description: The Bcl-2 family of proteins plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell death in many eukaryotic systems. Bax has been shown to redistribute from the cytosol to the mitochondria during apoptosis, and overexpression of Bax can accelerate cell death. Coregulation of Bax dimer formatio ...
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Q1 (Level 1): Cells make up tissue. Tissue make up . A organisms B

... Q16 (Level 1): What organelle sorts and packages proteins for storage or transport? A mitochondria B Golgi Apparatus C Endoplasmic Reticulum D chloroplast ...
BIOREACTION AND BIOREACTOR - Universiti Malaysia Perlis
BIOREACTION AND BIOREACTOR - Universiti Malaysia Perlis

... heart of any industrial fermentation process. • The advantages are mild rxn conditions, high yields and stereospecific compounds. • Bioreactors supply a homogeneous (same throughout) environment by constantly stirring the contents. • Bioreactors give the cells a controlled environment by ensuring th ...
Supplementary Table VI. List of Deletions/Hypomorphic Alleles
Supplementary Table VI. List of Deletions/Hypomorphic Alleles

... vesicles, which function in ER to Golgi transport Integral membrane component of endoplasmic reticulum-derived COPII-coated vesicles, which function in ER to Golgi transport Integral membrane component of endoplasmic reticulum-derived COPII-coated vesicles, which function in ER to Golgi transport Pr ...
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PDF - The Journal of Cell Biology

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Cell Structure and Plasma Membrane Function Practice Questions

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Endosymbiotic Theory - University of Evansville Faculty Web sites
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...  The organelles are of the appropriate size to be descendents of eubacteria  They have inner membranes containing several enzymes and transport systems similar to those of prokaryotic plasma membranes  The organelles are separated from the cytoplasm by complex membranes.  The organelles have the ...
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Endomembrane system

The endomembrane system is composed of the different membranes that are suspended in the cytoplasm within a eukaryotic cell. These membranes divide the cell into functional and structural compartments, or organelles. In eukaryotes the organelles of the endomembrane system include: the nuclear membrane, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, endosomes and the cell membrane. The system is defined more accurately as the set of membranes that form a single functional and developmental unit, either being connected directly, or exchanging material through vesicle transport. Importantly, the endomembrane system does not include the membranes of mitochondria or chloroplasts.The nuclear membrane contains two lipid bilayers that encompass the contents of the nucleus. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell. Vacuoles, which are found in both plant and animal cells (though much bigger in plant cells), are responsible for maintaining the shape and structure of the cell as well as storing waste products. A vesicle is a relatively small, membrane-enclosed sac that stores or transports substances. The cell membrane, is a protective barrier that regulates what enters and leaves the cell. There is also an organelle known as the Spitzenkörper that is only found in fungi, and is connected with hyphal tip growth.In prokaryotes endomembranes are rare, although in many photosynthetic bacteria the plasma membrane is highly folded and most of the cell cytoplasm is filled with layers of light-gathering membrane. These light-gathering membranes may even form enclosed structures called chlorosomes in green sulfur bacteria.The organelles of the endomembrane system are related through direct contact or by the transfer of membrane segments as vesicles. Despite these relationships, the various membranes are not identical in structure and function. The thickness, molecular composition, and metabolic behavior of a membrane are not fixed, they may be modified several times during the membrane's life. One unifying characteristic the membranes share is a lipid bilayer, with proteins attached to either side or traversing them.
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