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CE James and JM. Pagès
CE James and JM. Pagès

... expressing Omp36 in the outer membrane. For optimal permeation of translocating molecules, a balance between affinity and repulsion interactions is required inside the channel. Strategically located residues create a strong electrostatic field within the constriction zone of porin channels. Mutation ...
Lecture 9
Lecture 9

... steroids, metabolism of carbohydrates, regulation of calcium concentration, drug detoxification, attachment of receptors on cell membrane proteins, and steroid metabolism. It is connected to the nuclear envelope. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is found in a variety of cell types (both animal and plant ...
Heritable Stochastic Switching Revealed by Single-Cell Genealogy
Heritable Stochastic Switching Revealed by Single-Cell Genealogy

... on the physical mechanism used by the cell [6]. In general, however, epigenetic phenotypes are substantially less stable than chromosomally inherited ones are [6,7], and can change reversibly in single cells [3,8,9] during development [10,11], or in mature organisms [12]. Beginning with landmark stu ...
Adult stem cells Hessah Alshammari MSc stem cell technology
Adult stem cells Hessah Alshammari MSc stem cell technology

... Doctors from the University of Sydney and Concord Hospital have formed the Sydney Burns Foundation in 2010. Under laboratory conditions scientists use the patient's own skin stem cells and grow the top layer of the skin, the 'epidermis'. Professor Maitz treated farmer John Heffernan who suffered bur ...
Name - cloudfront.net
Name - cloudfront.net

... Eubacteria – more common bacteria that are found everywhere - Shape - (coccus, bacillus, spirillus), formation of colonies - Cell wall composition – amount of peptidoglycan in their cell wall - respiration: aerobic (use oxygen) and anaerobic bacteria (don’t use oxygen, use sulphur) - Anaerobic examp ...
PDF
PDF

... m of the midline for 40 minutes before allowing them to disperse (Fig. 3A; supplementary material Movie 7; see Materials and methods for more details). This led to further unexpected complexities that bore a striking resemblance to real haemocyte dispersal. The simulated cells left at similar 90° a ...
LOCAL CONTROL OF BLOOD FLOW LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At
LOCAL CONTROL OF BLOOD FLOW LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At

... Importance of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Formation of New Blood Vessels A dozen or more factors that increase growth of new blood vessels have been found, almost all of which are small peptides. Angiogenic factors promote new vessel growth by causing new vessels to sprout from other small ...
detailed lecture outline
detailed lecture outline

... urinary tracts) have microvilli on their surfaces which increase surface area to aid in absorption, secretion and transport.  Longer epithelial extensions called cilia (ciliated epithelium) move fluids across the surface of the epithelium. Cilia in the respiratory tract move mucus, containing parti ...
Immunoregulatory T Cell Pathways: The Helper T Cell Clone as Target
Immunoregulatory T Cell Pathways: The Helper T Cell Clone as Target

... by the interactions of a specialised circuit of regulatory T cells which results in an Ly-l effector cell. Un­ like helper T cells, the Ly-l effector cell of the contrasuppressor circuit is I-J+ and adheres to the lectin of Vida villosa. Contrasuppressor effector cells have been identified in cultur ...
Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization
Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization

... urinary tracts) have microvilli on their surfaces which increase surface area to aid in absorption, secretion and transport. • Longer epithelial extensions called cilia (ciliated epithelium) move fluids across the surface of the epithelium. Cilia in the respiratory tract move mucus, containing parti ...
Honors Biology - WordPress.com
Honors Biology - WordPress.com

... tough, flexible material that runs the length of the body, providing the majority of its support. ...
red blood cells
red blood cells

... cause of death in the United States and most other developed nations • More than half the deaths in the United States are caused by cardiovascular diseases, diseases of the heart and blood vessels. • The final blow is usually a heart attack or stroke. • A heart attack is the death of cardiac muscle ...
PNH Patient Guide
PNH Patient Guide

... or platelets. PNH is a disease that originates in the stem cells. Thrombosis (thrombotic events) - The formation or development of a blood clot that often blocks blood from flowing through a vessel. In PNH, blood clots can occur in common places but can also occur in unusual sites, such as in vessel ...
Now! - ambition classes
Now! - ambition classes

... studying human evolution are called anthropologists. Studies have revealed that human evolution started in Africa and earliest human type was Austaloplthecus Africanus. African ape man fossil was discovered by Prof. Raymond Dart fossil of skull of 5-6 years old baby from old pliocene rock of Tuang r ...
regular research grant
regular research grant

... machine learning, and bringing together multiple Google technologies to work at scale. The programming we use is mostly C++ for everything backend, but JavaScript and other languages for the various frontend system we run as services. Last research Job: Within the Mark Ellisman lab at the The Nation ...
MINI- REVIEW - Microbiology
MINI- REVIEW - Microbiology

... and which survived? Almost any study that has used ...
Cells Notes
Cells Notes

...  In single-celled organisms, the primary purpose of signaling is to induce conjugation  This has become a useful process for multicellular organisms, which have evolved the ability to do longdistance signaling  Local regulators-travel short distances from the cell  Synaptic signaling-between ner ...
The Physiology of the Distal Tubules and Collecting Ducts
The Physiology of the Distal Tubules and Collecting Ducts

... • Disruption of luminal negative transepithelial potential due to decreased Na+ reabsorption (aldosterone deficiency or potassium-sparing diuretic treatment) leads to type 4 (distal hyperkalemic) renal tubular acidosis. • After its secretion, H+ is buffered by titratable acids (phosphate and creati ...
Anatomy and Physiology 234
Anatomy and Physiology 234

... students’ academic week. Anatomy and Physiology is the study of the structure and function of the various body systems. In the process of studying anatomy and physiology, students gain knowledge of many of the various disorders associated with each body system. In addition, students apply their know ...
The Cardiovascular System: Blood
The Cardiovascular System: Blood

... Platelet plug formation Vascular spasms Coagulation ...
Chapter 1 - Cell Biology Review Extended Response Answers
Chapter 1 - Cell Biology Review Extended Response Answers

... genes that are located on just one of the sex chromosomes/X or Y are sex-linked; (sex-linked) genes present on the X chromosome are absent from the Y chromosome / vice versa; named recessive X-linked condition (e.g. colour blindness / haemophilia / other valid example); sex-linked conditions tend to ...
Neural_Tissue_notes
Neural_Tissue_notes

... Electrical events of the action potential include resting potential, rising phase of act. pot., falling phase of act. pot., period of hyperpolarization. What properties of the nerve cell membrane cause or account for each of the phases? Voltage-gated Na and K channels play key roles. APs are self-pr ...
Cell polarity - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
Cell polarity - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B

... which is graded along the axis. Also, it is involved in the key interactions that maintain polarity at epidermal junctions where signalling between cells takes place. Neurons do seem to be polarized as the electrical signal along an axon can only go in one direction, and there is a synapse at one en ...
File - Wk 1-2
File - Wk 1-2

... more aggressive and more favorable the tumour’s characteristics are to metastasize, the higher the grade. Low graded tumours have relatively uniform cells which are much less likely to break apart from each other and metastasize. Highly graded tumours display a vast range of different mutated cells, ...
The Human Heart
The Human Heart

... beats per day.  365 million beats per year. ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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