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Introduction to Anatomy ontologies
Introduction to Anatomy ontologies

... About thirty years ago there was much talk that geologists ought only to observe and not theorise; and I well remember some one saying that at this rate a man might as well go into a gravel-pit and count the pebbles and describe the colours. ...
Supergreens - Nutrigold Update Service
Supergreens - Nutrigold Update Service

... coloured fruits and vegetables, can all help keep our pH in balance so we can perform better on every level. Alkalising diets are a key focus for many nutritional therapists, naturopaths and detox plans, but many of us are still unclear about what that means and why it is so necessary. In simple ter ...
REading Assignment: Chapter 12 Membrane Transport pgs. 389
REading Assignment: Chapter 12 Membrane Transport pgs. 389

... All biological membranes have a common general structure: a thin film of lipid and protein molecules held together by ...
Just One View: Invariances in Inferotemporal Cell Tuning
Just One View: Invariances in Inferotemporal Cell Tuning

... Neurons in macaque inferotemporal cortex (IT) have been shown to respond to views of complex objects,8 such as faces or body parts, even when the retinal image undergoes size changes over several octaves, is translated by several degrees of visual angle7 or rotated in depth by a certain amount9 (see ...
PDF
PDF

... much embryological work since then. This was unfortunate, for they are wrong. It was correct to place the notochordal primordium in the embryonic surface, but the mesoderm lies beneath, in the interior, as stated above. It is a remarkable and deplorable fact that those who accepted the fate maps did ...
acid phosphatase localization in pas
acid phosphatase localization in pas

... Second, we have not determined the pH optimum for acid phosphatase activity in G. polyedra. If it differs very much from pH 5-0, localizable activity would be lower than the optimum. Although we have not seen a study in which the pH optimum for acid phosphatase activity was much higher, Miiller (197 ...
The D-Type Alfalfa Cyclin Gene cycMs4 Complements
The D-Type Alfalfa Cyclin Gene cycMs4 Complements

... analyzed at high magnification. A region of cortex cells of this section is shown in Figure 4D. Although high levels of cycMs4 mRNA were present in three adjacent cells (indicated by arrowheads in Figure 4D), several cells belonging to the same file did not contain any transcript, indicating that th ...
Kingdom: Animals
Kingdom: Animals

...  cephalization = development of brain ...
Microsoft Word 97 - 2003 Document
Microsoft Word 97 - 2003 Document

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Lateral inhibition and the development of the sensory bristles of the
Lateral inhibition and the development of the sensory bristles of the

... exceeds a certain critical level. Thus, if two proheterocysts are developing close together, each will cause an increased level of inhibitor in the other and within a critical distance, one will eventually win out. Such a notion of competition can also be applied to bristle spacing. Some bristle pat ...
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Animals (PowerPoint Show)

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Shroom3-mediated recruitment of Rho kinases to the apical cell
Shroom3-mediated recruitment of Rho kinases to the apical cell

... INTRODUCTION During embryonic development, epithelial cell layers undergo a variety of dynamic morphological changes, such as folding, invagination and elongation, to generate the tissues with complex architecture. At the cellular level, these processes involve cell intercalation and migration, as w ...
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... Upper limp: the bones of the upper division may be divided into two groups: A-the shoulder girdle consist of two bones. 1-the clavicle or collar bone. 2-the scapula or shoulder blade. B-each upper extremity (arm) consist of the following bones: 1)the arm bone called the humerus forms a joint with sc ...
Shroom3-mediated recruitment of Rho kinases to the apical cell
Shroom3-mediated recruitment of Rho kinases to the apical cell

... INTRODUCTION During embryonic development, epithelial cell layers undergo a variety of dynamic morphological changes, such as folding, invagination and elongation, to generate the tissues with complex architecture. At the cellular level, these processes involve cell intercalation and migration, as w ...
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Human factor and flight physiology

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Penicillin - Stephen F. Austin State University
Penicillin - Stephen F. Austin State University

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Bone Marrow Norepinephrine Release in the Spleen and Cells and

... essential for maintaining an optimal Th2 cell-dependent Ab response in vivo. However, for NE to influence immune cell function, it must be released at the immediate site of action, since it is either rapidly degraded by catechol-O-methyltransferase and monoamine oxidase, diffused into the circulatio ...
of Limb Morphogenesis in a Model System
of Limb Morphogenesis in a Model System

... begun to exhibit the cartilage tissue found in the stage 25 proximal mesoblast. Since a population of cells in this stage of the limb are not homogeneous with respect to cytodifferentiation as are chondrocytes from stage 30, or morphogenetic expression, as are stage 19 cells, they must contain eithe ...
Alleles FCGR2C Nonclassical Phenotypic Variation in IgG
Alleles FCGR2C Nonclassical Phenotypic Variation in IgG

... cgRs are receptors for the Fc region of IgG and are expressed on various cell types, including macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, NK cells, B lymphocytes, and platelets. The binding of IgG-opsonized pathogens to FcgRs triggers a variety of cellular responses and contributes to inflammation. ...
Points to take note for Biology - Learning Made Simple Singapore
Points to take note for Biology - Learning Made Simple Singapore

... - Enzymes are biological catalysts made of proteins which speed up rate of chemical reactions and are chemically unchanged at end of reactions. - Take note of lock-and-key hypothesis. - Enzyme is lock. Substrate is key. - Enzyme action is specific as each enzyme only allows a particular substrate to ...
Low Intracellular Proline: A Cause of Toxicity in Human RPE Cells?
Low Intracellular Proline: A Cause of Toxicity in Human RPE Cells?

... that proline starvation might be the cause of toxicity in GA. However, the evidence for this is indirect and based on the cytoprotective role of proline in the experiment. To support the hypothesis that low proline levels cause RPE cell atrophy in GA, I will carry out experiments to show the correla ...
Science Sample Items
Science Sample Items

... The human body is very complex. Below is information about how parts of the human body function to keep a person alive. Read the information and study the diagrams. Then answer questions 1 through 5. Materials Exchange from Blood The blood has the job of moving materials such as food molecules, vita ...
Tissues
Tissues

... A tight junction is formed by the fusion of the outer layers of two plasma membranes. Tight junctions prevent the diffusion of fluids and solutes between the cells. A continuous adhesion belt lies deep to the tight junction. This belt is tied to the microfilaments of the terminal web. ...
Structure of the Respiratory system
Structure of the Respiratory system

... Around the Bronchioles you will find groups of air sacs called (600 million in each lung). Alveoli are the catalyst for gas exchange (O2 and CO2), as they are in contact with the ...
The mystery of aging and rejuvenation—a budding topic
The mystery of aging and rejuvenation—a budding topic

... by homologous recombination from 100 to 200 copies of tandem rDNA repeats and they replicate via the autonomously replicating sequence (ARS) in each such repeat. Several studies have demonstrated that ERCs, and other ARS plasmids, accumulate in aging mother cells, display mother-biased segregation, ...
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Organ-on-a-chip

An organ-on-a-chip (OC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of entire organs and organ systems. It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS. The convergence of labs-on-chips (LOCs) and cell biology has permitted the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, introducing a novel model of in vitro multicellular human organisms. One day, they will perhaps abolish the need for animals in drug development and toxin testing.Although multiple publications claim to have translated organ functions onto this interface, the movement towards this microfluidic application is still in its infancy. Organs-on-chips will vary in design and approach between different researchers. As such, validation and optimization of these systems will likely be a long process. Organs that have been simulated by microfluidic devices include the heart, the lung, kidney, artery, bone, cartilage, skin and more.Nevertheless, building valid artificial organs requires not only a precise cellular manipulation, but a detailed understanding of the human body’s fundamental intricate response to any event. A common concern with organs-on-chips lies in the isolation of organs during testing. ""If you don’t use as close to the total physiological system that you can, you’re likely to run into troubles"" says William Haseltine, founder of Rockville, Maryland. Microfabrication, microelectronics and microfluidics offer the prospect of modeling sophisticated in vitro physiological responses under accurately simulated conditions.
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