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Fumonisins: fungal toxins that shed light on
Fumonisins: fungal toxins that shed light on

... and cell growth and viability16,ZP27. These changes are not fully understood and may have multiple causes; however, as sphingolipids are associated with each of these processes, most (or all) of the cellular effects of fumonisins are likely to be consequences of the disruption of sphingolipid metabo ...
The Insect Gas Exchange System
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... Explain the difference between passive and active transport Producing New Cells Describe what happens during mitosis Explain what the chromosome complement is and why it important that it is maintained Explain how mitosis (cell cycle) is controlled and how this can lead to cancer DNA and Protein Pro ...
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Schizosaccharomyces pombe Rgf3p is a specific Rho1 GEF that

... cytoskeleton and cell-wall synthesis. Here, we describe the cloning and characterization of rgf3+, a member of the Rho family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Rho GEFs). The rgf3+ gene was cloned by complementation of a mutant (ehs2-1) hypersensitive to drugs that interfere with cell-wall bio ...
The Molecularly Crowded Cytoplasm of Bacterial Cells: Dividing
The Molecularly Crowded Cytoplasm of Bacterial Cells: Dividing

... chromosomal DNA can be compressed and surrounded by dense cytoplasm, which has a protective effect on the DNA. Cell death is often the outcome for many of the cells. Recovery from starvation occurs when the stress conditions are removed and conditions become more optimal for growth. RNA synthesis oc ...
The Insect Gas Exchange System
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... Storage of Air – adaptation for dry habitat • Collapsible air sacs present in areas without taenidiae • In dry terrestrial environments, this temporary air supply allows insects to conserve water by closing it spiracles during very dry periods use the stored air in the sacs. ...
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Plant RanGAPs are localized at the nuclear envelope in interphase

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... Most studies of the control of animal cell proliferation have been performed in various model systems in vitro, in which cell proliferation can be modulated in a controlled fashion. Although each in vitro system has its own particular features and limitations, and although it is unclear to what exte ...
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... The influence of light on living organisms is critical, not only because of its importance as the main source of energy for the biosphere, but also due to its capacity to induce changes in the behaviour and morphology of nearly all forms of life. Trichoderma atroviride is a common soil fungus widely ...
Passive Transport
Passive Transport

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Using redox chemistry to create a homemade battery
Using redox chemistry to create a homemade battery

... electrical forces between electrons and protons. While a molecule may be stable on its own, it can also donate or accept electrons when it interacts other molecules, which will lead to charge separation and energy transfer. B. What is a redox reaction? Reduction-oxidation or redox reactions are elec ...
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Amitosis

Amitosis (a- + mitosis) is absence of mitosis, the usual form of cell division in the cells of eukaryotes. There are several senses in which eukaryotic cells can be amitotic. One refers to capability for non-mitotic division and the other refers to lack of capability for division. In one sense of the word, which is now mostly obsolete, amitosis is cell division in eukaryotic cells that happens without the usual features of mitosis as seen on microscopy, namely, without nuclear envelope breakdown and without formation of mitotic spindle and condensed chromosomes as far as microscopy can detect. However, most examples of cell division formerly thought to belong to this supposedly ""non-mitotic"" class, such as the division of unicellular eukaryotes, are today recognized as belonging to a class of mitosis called closed mitosis. A spectrum of mitotic activity can be categorized as open, semi-closed, and closed mitosis, depending on the fate of the nuclear envelope. An exception is the division of ciliate macronucleus, which is not mitotic, and the reference to this process as amitosis may be the only legitimate use of the ""non-mitotic division"" sense of the term today. In animals and plants which normally have open mitosis, the microscopic picture described in the 19th century as amitosis most likely corresponded to apoptosis, a process of programmed cell death associated with fragmentation of the nucleus and cytoplasm. Relatedly, even in the late 19th century cytologists mentioned that in larger life forms, amitosis is a ""forerunner of degeneration"".Another sense of amitotic refers to cells of certain tissues that are usually no longer capable of mitosis once the organism has matured into adulthood. In humans this is true of various muscle and nerve tissue types; if the existing ones are damaged, they cannot be replaced with new ones of equal capability. For example, cardiac muscle destroyed by heart attack and nerves destroyed by piercing trauma usually cannot regenerate. In contrast, skin cells are capable of mitosis throughout adulthood; old skin cells that die and slough off are replaced with new ones. Human liver tissue also has a sort of dormant regenerative ability; it is usually not needed or expressed but can be elicited if needed.
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