Information, Noise and Communication: Thresholds as Controlling
... The evidence for noise in transcription/translation is extensive, and a variety of single bacterial, yeast and cultured cell systems have been used to demonstrate its presence. The methods developed to demonstrate noise have all marked milestones in technical achievement. Suitable fluorescent probes ...
... The evidence for noise in transcription/translation is extensive, and a variety of single bacterial, yeast and cultured cell systems have been used to demonstrate its presence. The methods developed to demonstrate noise have all marked milestones in technical achievement. Suitable fluorescent probes ...
Is the Loss of Stability Theory a Realistic Concept for Stress
... water influx. Dictated by the fundamental equation C 5 P 2 Dp, DC can theoretically be produced either by a decrease in turgor pressure (P) or an increase in osmotic pressure (Dp) of the cell contents. Based on extensive experimental evidence, cell growth can take place in the absence of uptake or i ...
... water influx. Dictated by the fundamental equation C 5 P 2 Dp, DC can theoretically be produced either by a decrease in turgor pressure (P) or an increase in osmotic pressure (Dp) of the cell contents. Based on extensive experimental evidence, cell growth can take place in the absence of uptake or i ...
Dystroglycan controls signaling of multiple hormones through
... day 1 of lactation (L1). At mid-pregnancy, control heterozygous, DGfl/wt;K14-Cre mice exhibited normal outgrowth and development. The glands of mid-pregnant ⌬DGK14-Cre mice (Fig. 4A) were not discernibly different from control mice. At L1, pups of control and heterozygous, DGfl/wt;K14-Cre mice were ...
... day 1 of lactation (L1). At mid-pregnancy, control heterozygous, DGfl/wt;K14-Cre mice exhibited normal outgrowth and development. The glands of mid-pregnant ⌬DGK14-Cre mice (Fig. 4A) were not discernibly different from control mice. At L1, pups of control and heterozygous, DGfl/wt;K14-Cre mice were ...
Regulation of the human vitamin C transporters expressed in COS
... C transporters (SVCTs) have been cloned from both rats and humans (see Refs. 4, 12, 19, 25, 27, 28). Expression of hSVCT1 and hSVCT2 in Xenopus laevis oocytes or HRPE or COS-1 cells resulted in uptake of ascorbate that was absolutely dependent on Na⫹ (4, 12, 19, 27, 28). Biochemical studies of the s ...
... C transporters (SVCTs) have been cloned from both rats and humans (see Refs. 4, 12, 19, 25, 27, 28). Expression of hSVCT1 and hSVCT2 in Xenopus laevis oocytes or HRPE or COS-1 cells resulted in uptake of ascorbate that was absolutely dependent on Na⫹ (4, 12, 19, 27, 28). Biochemical studies of the s ...
Transendothelial Migration Surface Determinants During Activated T
... The transendothelial migration assay was performed as previously described (2). Briefly, in the wells of 36-mm macrowell tissue culture plates, EC (4 3 106) were cultured to confluence on hydrated type I collagen gels (50% v/v) purchased from Vitrogen 100R, Celtrix (Palo Alto, CA). In certain experi ...
... The transendothelial migration assay was performed as previously described (2). Briefly, in the wells of 36-mm macrowell tissue culture plates, EC (4 3 106) were cultured to confluence on hydrated type I collagen gels (50% v/v) purchased from Vitrogen 100R, Celtrix (Palo Alto, CA). In certain experi ...
Expression of the Catalytic and Regulatory Subunits of Protein
... therapy in inducing high remission rates in patients with acute pro myelocytic leukemia (3, 4). The biological effects of ATRA appear to be mediated through a number of closely related nuclear retinoic acid receptors that possess discrete DNA-binding and retinoic acid-binding domains (5). Although t ...
... therapy in inducing high remission rates in patients with acute pro myelocytic leukemia (3, 4). The biological effects of ATRA appear to be mediated through a number of closely related nuclear retinoic acid receptors that possess discrete DNA-binding and retinoic acid-binding domains (5). Although t ...
The Development of the Cnidoblasts of Hydra
... in regeneration of a whole organism from a small fragment (2). The possibility that these cells may be pluripotent is not contested here, but under the conditions of the present study it was not evident that they have the capacity to differentiate into any cell type other than cnidoblasts. Our inter ...
... in regeneration of a whole organism from a small fragment (2). The possibility that these cells may be pluripotent is not contested here, but under the conditions of the present study it was not evident that they have the capacity to differentiate into any cell type other than cnidoblasts. Our inter ...
Dependency on Medium and Temperature of Cel Size and
... Folkes, 1953). Previously, interest has been focused mainly on the striking difference between the small, non-dividing cells of an outgrown culture and the larger forms typical of rapid growth. Hence, cells are often described as ‘resting ’ or ‘exponentially growing’ and these conditions implicitly ...
... Folkes, 1953). Previously, interest has been focused mainly on the striking difference between the small, non-dividing cells of an outgrown culture and the larger forms typical of rapid growth. Hence, cells are often described as ‘resting ’ or ‘exponentially growing’ and these conditions implicitly ...
Surface Sialic Acids Taken from the Host Allow Trypanosome
... medical and agroeconomical problems in many sub-Saharan African countries by causing sleeping sickness in humans and Nagana disease in livestock. The unicellular parasites are transmitted by blood-sucking Tsetse flies. In the fly’s midgut, the trypanosomes survive digestive and trypanocidal environm ...
... medical and agroeconomical problems in many sub-Saharan African countries by causing sleeping sickness in humans and Nagana disease in livestock. The unicellular parasites are transmitted by blood-sucking Tsetse flies. In the fly’s midgut, the trypanosomes survive digestive and trypanocidal environm ...
Universal Microfluidic System for Analysis and Control of Cell
... molecules like TNF from the loading chamber to the cell chamber is only a few seconds, as shown by numerical simulations, allowing rapid saturation of the cell channel with signaling molecules (Video S1). This enables rapid yet gentle delivery of a wide range of dynamic chemical signaling inputs to ...
... molecules like TNF from the loading chamber to the cell chamber is only a few seconds, as shown by numerical simulations, allowing rapid saturation of the cell channel with signaling molecules (Video S1). This enables rapid yet gentle delivery of a wide range of dynamic chemical signaling inputs to ...
0 - Microbiology
... Folkes, 1953). Previously, interest has been focused mainly on the striking difference between the small, non-dividing cells of an outgrown culture and the larger forms typical of rapid growth. Hence, cells are often described as ‘resting ’ or ‘exponentially growing’ and these conditions implicitly ...
... Folkes, 1953). Previously, interest has been focused mainly on the striking difference between the small, non-dividing cells of an outgrown culture and the larger forms typical of rapid growth. Hence, cells are often described as ‘resting ’ or ‘exponentially growing’ and these conditions implicitly ...
Motile Apparatus in Vallisneria Leaf Cells. II. Effects of Cytochalasin
... and establishment of streaming attracted our interest. If so, the mechanism of secondary streaming must be closely related to the stability of these microfilament bundles. The present study was performed to obtain information on the properties of the motile apparatus in secondary streaming. Using tw ...
... and establishment of streaming attracted our interest. If so, the mechanism of secondary streaming must be closely related to the stability of these microfilament bundles. The present study was performed to obtain information on the properties of the motile apparatus in secondary streaming. Using tw ...
Glutamine breakdown in rapidly dividing cells: waste or investment?
... and maintained with the participation of the (Naþ,-Kþ)ATPase. This protein pumps three Naþ out of the cell and two Kþ into the cell, against their respective electrochemical gradients at the expense of one molecule of ATP. The (Naþ,Kþ)-ATPase is one of the single major users of cellular energy, resp ...
... and maintained with the participation of the (Naþ,-Kþ)ATPase. This protein pumps three Naþ out of the cell and two Kþ into the cell, against their respective electrochemical gradients at the expense of one molecule of ATP. The (Naþ,Kþ)-ATPase is one of the single major users of cellular energy, resp ...
Cook Dev Cell 2003
... (A) Diagram of the minimal rh5 and rh6 promoters (A. Tahayato et al., submitted). “K” boxes represent binding sites for K50 homeodomain proteins, and “A” and “B” boxes represent the seq56 half sites. Arrows represent the start of transcription. (B) Alignment of seq56 sequences from Drosophila melano ...
... (A) Diagram of the minimal rh5 and rh6 promoters (A. Tahayato et al., submitted). “K” boxes represent binding sites for K50 homeodomain proteins, and “A” and “B” boxes represent the seq56 half sites. Arrows represent the start of transcription. (B) Alignment of seq56 sequences from Drosophila melano ...
On the mechanisms of nectar secretion: revisited
... phloem through the symplasm into the apoplasm (cell walls and intercellular spaces) with nectar formation by either granulocrine or eccrine secretion and its diffusion outwards. It is concluded, however, that no secretory granules are actually produced by the endoplasmic reticulum, and that secretor ...
... phloem through the symplasm into the apoplasm (cell walls and intercellular spaces) with nectar formation by either granulocrine or eccrine secretion and its diffusion outwards. It is concluded, however, that no secretory granules are actually produced by the endoplasmic reticulum, and that secretor ...
A Tour of the Cell
... of biologically relevant items. If the extracellular matrix of animals and the cell walls of plants and fungi are to give any protection to the cell from pathogenic microbes and viruses that attempt to enter the cell, then the pores in these extracellular structures should be roughly what diameter? ...
... of biologically relevant items. If the extracellular matrix of animals and the cell walls of plants and fungi are to give any protection to the cell from pathogenic microbes and viruses that attempt to enter the cell, then the pores in these extracellular structures should be roughly what diameter? ...
1 Sporulation, bacterial cell envelopes, and the origin of life Elitza I
... 3-D reconstructions of intact cells in a near-native state have led to the proposal that an ancient sporulation-like event gave rise to the second membrane in diderm bacteria. Here we review the images of sporulating monoderm and diderm cells which show how sporulation leads to diderm cells. We also ...
... 3-D reconstructions of intact cells in a near-native state have led to the proposal that an ancient sporulation-like event gave rise to the second membrane in diderm bacteria. Here we review the images of sporulating monoderm and diderm cells which show how sporulation leads to diderm cells. We also ...
hnpcc recommendations B.pub - Association for Clinical Genetic
... recognised by the antibody, e.g. missense mutation). It is important to realise, however, that a small proportion, perhaps 5-20% of Lynch / HNPCC-related tumours do not exhibit any abnormality on analysis by IHC even though they have lost MMR function, as manifested by microsatellite instability (MS ...
... recognised by the antibody, e.g. missense mutation). It is important to realise, however, that a small proportion, perhaps 5-20% of Lynch / HNPCC-related tumours do not exhibit any abnormality on analysis by IHC even though they have lost MMR function, as manifested by microsatellite instability (MS ...
Chapter 3
... Penicillin interferes with peptidoglycan synthesis • Prevents cross-linking of adjacent glycan chains • Usually more effective against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria • Outer membrane of Gram-negatives blocks access • Derivatives have been developed that can cross ...
... Penicillin interferes with peptidoglycan synthesis • Prevents cross-linking of adjacent glycan chains • Usually more effective against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria • Outer membrane of Gram-negatives blocks access • Derivatives have been developed that can cross ...
Batteries - Toot Hill School
... Where 2 or more cells are combined to increase the voltage or current of the supply. Batteries (and cells) are POLARISED which means current only flows through them in one direction Positive + (positive to negative) Therefore you need to know how to identify Positive and negative on the symbol and p ...
... Where 2 or more cells are combined to increase the voltage or current of the supply. Batteries (and cells) are POLARISED which means current only flows through them in one direction Positive + (positive to negative) Therefore you need to know how to identify Positive and negative on the symbol and p ...
Spermine Acts as a Negative Regulator of
... Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C activa- streptomycin (Life Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD). The cells were incutor (PKC) (1), is a known skin tumor promoter in the mouse (2). In bated at 37°C in humidified air containing 8% CO2. Macrophage Differentiation. Macrophage dif ...
... Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C activa- streptomycin (Life Technologies, Inc., Rockville, MD). The cells were incutor (PKC) (1), is a known skin tumor promoter in the mouse (2). In bated at 37°C in humidified air containing 8% CO2. Macrophage Differentiation. Macrophage dif ...
Analysis of tissue flow patterns during primitive streak formation in
... initially sickle-shaped group of cells transforms into the streak by rearrangement of the cells along the midline of the embryo. Recent insights into the mechanisms controlling streak induction include the observations that misexpression of the TGF-h family member Vg1, which normally expresses in th ...
... initially sickle-shaped group of cells transforms into the streak by rearrangement of the cells along the midline of the embryo. Recent insights into the mechanisms controlling streak induction include the observations that misexpression of the TGF-h family member Vg1, which normally expresses in th ...
MHC
... • Adopt a flexible “floppy” conformation until a peptide binds • Fold around the peptide to increase stability of the complex •The captured peptides contribute to the stabilization of the complex • Use a small number of anchor residues to tether the peptide - this allows different sequences between ...
... • Adopt a flexible “floppy” conformation until a peptide binds • Fold around the peptide to increase stability of the complex •The captured peptides contribute to the stabilization of the complex • Use a small number of anchor residues to tether the peptide - this allows different sequences between ...