Endosymbiosis, a Proven Theory or Evolution Myth?
... chloroplast division system demonstrates that this form of division is conserved across many lineage systems, including those with secondary chloroplasts. New mitochondria and plastids are formed only through a process similar to binary fission. In some algae, such as Euglena, the plastids can be de ...
... chloroplast division system demonstrates that this form of division is conserved across many lineage systems, including those with secondary chloroplasts. New mitochondria and plastids are formed only through a process similar to binary fission. In some algae, such as Euglena, the plastids can be de ...
Measuring the stiffness of bacterial cells from growth
... COS, chitooligosaccharide; EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. ...
... COS, chitooligosaccharide; EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. ...
Functional differences between kindlin-1 and kindlin
... Our data suggest that kindlin-2 binds specifically to b1 but not b6. To localize the region of the b-tails responsible for this effect, we generated chimeric b1-b6 tails by swapping the sequences of b1 and b6 after the first NPxY motif. GST–b1-b6 was generated by replacing residues 784–798 of b1 wit ...
... Our data suggest that kindlin-2 binds specifically to b1 but not b6. To localize the region of the b-tails responsible for this effect, we generated chimeric b1-b6 tails by swapping the sequences of b1 and b6 after the first NPxY motif. GST–b1-b6 was generated by replacing residues 784–798 of b1 wit ...
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... genotype. In sharp contrast, many studies found a much lower prevalence or even complete absence of XMRV [8-14]. One critical result in 2009 seemed to support the link between XMRV and prostate cancer by discovering the virus in the primary prostate carcinoma-derived cell line 22Rv1 [15]. 2. XMRV an ...
... genotype. In sharp contrast, many studies found a much lower prevalence or even complete absence of XMRV [8-14]. One critical result in 2009 seemed to support the link between XMRV and prostate cancer by discovering the virus in the primary prostate carcinoma-derived cell line 22Rv1 [15]. 2. XMRV an ...
video slide - Issaquah Connect
... (b) Vesicles containing neurotransmitters migrate to the tips of nerve cell axons via the mechanism in (a). In this SEM of a squid giant axon, two vesicles can be seen moving along a microtubule. (A separate part of the experiment provided the evidence that they were in fact moving.) ...
... (b) Vesicles containing neurotransmitters migrate to the tips of nerve cell axons via the mechanism in (a). In this SEM of a squid giant axon, two vesicles can be seen moving along a microtubule. (A separate part of the experiment provided the evidence that they were in fact moving.) ...
Identification and Characterization of the
... zone of the root (Figure 7B). The absence of GUS staining also was evident in the emerging lateral roots (Figures 7A, 7C, and 7E). Transversal sections of mature roots and hypocotyls revealed the presence of GUS in cells of the stele, including the pericycle and xylem parenchyma cells (Figures 7D to ...
... zone of the root (Figure 7B). The absence of GUS staining also was evident in the emerging lateral roots (Figures 7A, 7C, and 7E). Transversal sections of mature roots and hypocotyls revealed the presence of GUS in cells of the stele, including the pericycle and xylem parenchyma cells (Figures 7D to ...
Dominant negative connexin26 mutation R75W causing severe
... in human cancers [29,30]. In this study, we demonstrate that a dominant-negative mutation of Gjb2 induced retention in the mouse GER during the early postnatal stages of cochlear development. We propose the existence of an underlying mechanism to explain the disruption of the cyto-architecture in th ...
... in human cancers [29,30]. In this study, we demonstrate that a dominant-negative mutation of Gjb2 induced retention in the mouse GER during the early postnatal stages of cochlear development. We propose the existence of an underlying mechanism to explain the disruption of the cyto-architecture in th ...
RNA SHAPE analysis in living cells
... imidazole leaving groups of NAI and FAI increase the stability of 20 mM caused blocks in subsequent reverse transcription, which our labeling reagents relative to the leaving groups in other SHAPE was suggestive of modification, whereas treatment with NMIA did reagents. Because of the extended react ...
... imidazole leaving groups of NAI and FAI increase the stability of 20 mM caused blocks in subsequent reverse transcription, which our labeling reagents relative to the leaving groups in other SHAPE was suggestive of modification, whereas treatment with NMIA did reagents. Because of the extended react ...
Diefenbach, A., and D.H. Raulet. 2002. The innate immune response to tumors and its role in the induction of T cell immunity. Immunological Reviews 188:9-21.
... even poorly immunogenic tumor cell lines can often be enhanced by employing various vaccination strategies (8, 9). In general, tumor immunity induced with cell lines is specific for the immunizing tumor cell line and is mediated by CD8π and/or CD4π T cells, in some cases with the participation of NK ...
... even poorly immunogenic tumor cell lines can often be enhanced by employing various vaccination strategies (8, 9). In general, tumor immunity induced with cell lines is specific for the immunizing tumor cell line and is mediated by CD8π and/or CD4π T cells, in some cases with the participation of NK ...
C1 Effects of piperine, the pungent ingredient of black pepper, at the
... composed of two transmembrane domains, an extracellular ligand binding site and intracellular N and C-termini. It has been shown that P2X4 receptors are rapidly cycled between the cell surface and endosomal compartments and that this internalization is dependent on a non-canonical tyrosine-based end ...
... composed of two transmembrane domains, an extracellular ligand binding site and intracellular N and C-termini. It has been shown that P2X4 receptors are rapidly cycled between the cell surface and endosomal compartments and that this internalization is dependent on a non-canonical tyrosine-based end ...
mHDA1/HDAC5 Histone Deacetylase Interacts with and
... the protein was almost as efficient in repressing the MEF2A transcriptional activity as the fulllength HDAC5 (Fig. 3D, compare 1-1113 and 123-673 constructs). This repression was found to be dependent on MEF2A-HDAC5 interaction, since a deletion mutant lacking the Nterminal region, defined to be the ...
... the protein was almost as efficient in repressing the MEF2A transcriptional activity as the fulllength HDAC5 (Fig. 3D, compare 1-1113 and 123-673 constructs). This repression was found to be dependent on MEF2A-HDAC5 interaction, since a deletion mutant lacking the Nterminal region, defined to be the ...
SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
... • Homozygous state – chronic hemolytic anemia • Compound heterozygosity with Hb S produces sickle phenotype ...
... • Homozygous state – chronic hemolytic anemia • Compound heterozygosity with Hb S produces sickle phenotype ...
HLA-G and HLA-E
... Nonclassical human leukocyte molecules G and E (HLA-G and HLA-E) were originally thought to be specifically expressed only on extravillous trophoblast ...
... Nonclassical human leukocyte molecules G and E (HLA-G and HLA-E) were originally thought to be specifically expressed only on extravillous trophoblast ...
Protista: nature`s superstore
... is where food (mostly bacteria) enters the paramecium and is put in a vacuole in the gullet. Paramecia are so special; one nucleus is not enough for them. NOOO!!!! They have a micronucleus that is involved in sexual reproduction and a macronucleus that controls the day-to-day activity of the cell. B ...
... is where food (mostly bacteria) enters the paramecium and is put in a vacuole in the gullet. Paramecia are so special; one nucleus is not enough for them. NOOO!!!! They have a micronucleus that is involved in sexual reproduction and a macronucleus that controls the day-to-day activity of the cell. B ...
Perk Is Essential for Translational Regulation and Cell Survival
... Figure 2. The Perk Mutation Prevents Attenuation of Protein Synthesis and Phosphorylation of eIF2␣ (A) Protein synthesis rates measured by the incorporation of [35S]methionine/cysteine into proteins during a 10 min pulse of labeling that followed 30 min of exposure to the indicated concentrations of ...
... Figure 2. The Perk Mutation Prevents Attenuation of Protein Synthesis and Phosphorylation of eIF2␣ (A) Protein synthesis rates measured by the incorporation of [35S]methionine/cysteine into proteins during a 10 min pulse of labeling that followed 30 min of exposure to the indicated concentrations of ...
VIOGENE
... isolate total RNA without need of performing time-consuming phenol/ chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation. Total RNA longer than 200 nucleotides are isolated, while small RNA such as 5.8S RNA, 5S RNA, and tRNA, which make up 15-20% of the total RNA, are excluded. ...
... isolate total RNA without need of performing time-consuming phenol/ chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation. Total RNA longer than 200 nucleotides are isolated, while small RNA such as 5.8S RNA, 5S RNA, and tRNA, which make up 15-20% of the total RNA, are excluded. ...
RCSB Molecule of the Month - Neurotransmitter Transporters
... that block the action of the transporter will cause the neurotransmitter to remain in the synapse longer than normal. Antidepressant drugs (such as the one shown here in yellow) take advantage of this by blocking dopamine transporters. Drugs of abuse like cocaine also block the action of these trans ...
... that block the action of the transporter will cause the neurotransmitter to remain in the synapse longer than normal. Antidepressant drugs (such as the one shown here in yellow) take advantage of this by blocking dopamine transporters. Drugs of abuse like cocaine also block the action of these trans ...
Cellular Membranes Reading Assignments
... • An exception to this is water, which can pass through the lipid bilayer more readily than its lipid solubility would predict. • Polar and charged molecules such as amino acids, sugars, and ions do not pass readily across the lipid bilayer. ...
... • An exception to this is water, which can pass through the lipid bilayer more readily than its lipid solubility would predict. • Polar and charged molecules such as amino acids, sugars, and ions do not pass readily across the lipid bilayer. ...
Specification sheet
... germinal center (GC) formation, functioning as a regulator of B lymphocyte growth and development by protecting GC B cells from undergoing DNA damage-induced apotosis. Logarajah S et al. found that Bcl-6 is involved in mammary epithelial differentiation, which may play a potential role in carcinogen ...
... germinal center (GC) formation, functioning as a regulator of B lymphocyte growth and development by protecting GC B cells from undergoing DNA damage-induced apotosis. Logarajah S et al. found that Bcl-6 is involved in mammary epithelial differentiation, which may play a potential role in carcinogen ...
Yeast as a Model Organism to Study Transport and
... conditions. The ZrSod2-22p of the osmotolerant yeast Z. rouxii had the highest transport capacity for lithium and sodium but, similarly as the S. pombe sod2p, it did not recognize K+ and Rb+ as substrates. The S. cerevisiae Nha1p and C. albicans Cnh1p had a broad substrate specificity for at least f ...
... conditions. The ZrSod2-22p of the osmotolerant yeast Z. rouxii had the highest transport capacity for lithium and sodium but, similarly as the S. pombe sod2p, it did not recognize K+ and Rb+ as substrates. The S. cerevisiae Nha1p and C. albicans Cnh1p had a broad substrate specificity for at least f ...
Supplemental Material Results A B Supplemental Figure 1: Bath
... presence of Ih. A, To obtain independent, nonpharmacological evidence for a role of h-channels, the voltage sag ratio in response to a prolonged (600 ms) hyperpolarizing direct current step and the normalized voltage rebound were examined. Representative traces of voltage responses to hyperpolarizin ...
... presence of Ih. A, To obtain independent, nonpharmacological evidence for a role of h-channels, the voltage sag ratio in response to a prolonged (600 ms) hyperpolarizing direct current step and the normalized voltage rebound were examined. Representative traces of voltage responses to hyperpolarizin ...
Circulating Biomarkers for Prediction of Treatment
... [miR-21, Gong et al. (12)] and to tyrosine kinase inhibitors lapatinib and gefitinib [miR-205, Iorio et al. (13)]. More recently, miRNAs have been shown to be detectable, quantifiable, and highly stable also in cell-free components of blood and body fluids, thus potentially fulfilling the characteri ...
... [miR-21, Gong et al. (12)] and to tyrosine kinase inhibitors lapatinib and gefitinib [miR-205, Iorio et al. (13)]. More recently, miRNAs have been shown to be detectable, quantifiable, and highly stable also in cell-free components of blood and body fluids, thus potentially fulfilling the characteri ...