concurrent, distributed control of saccade initiation in the frontal eye
... equivalent of the saccade neurons with buildup activity observed in the SC. FEF is also populated by fixation neurons that seem to parallel their counterparts in the SC84 . Hanes and Wurtz 69 showed that it was not possible to elicit saccades with microstimulation of the FEF, following reversible d ...
... equivalent of the saccade neurons with buildup activity observed in the SC. FEF is also populated by fixation neurons that seem to parallel their counterparts in the SC84 . Hanes and Wurtz 69 showed that it was not possible to elicit saccades with microstimulation of the FEF, following reversible d ...
Research in Mammalian Mastication1
... Driver neurons (Kennedy, 1976) are concerned with nontemporal alteration of the selected oral movement pattern. For example, they would cause one chew cycle to become more narrow while the next cycle might be wider. Driver neurons are therefore directly connected and relay activity patterns to indiv ...
... Driver neurons (Kennedy, 1976) are concerned with nontemporal alteration of the selected oral movement pattern. For example, they would cause one chew cycle to become more narrow while the next cycle might be wider. Driver neurons are therefore directly connected and relay activity patterns to indiv ...
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... Tanji J, Hoshi E. Role of the Lateral Prefrontal Cortex in Executive Behavioral Control. Physiol Rev 88: 37–57, 2008; doi:10.1152/physrev.00014.2007.—The lateral prefrontal cortex is critically involved in broad aspects of executive behavioral control. Early studies emphasized its role in the short- ...
... Tanji J, Hoshi E. Role of the Lateral Prefrontal Cortex in Executive Behavioral Control. Physiol Rev 88: 37–57, 2008; doi:10.1152/physrev.00014.2007.—The lateral prefrontal cortex is critically involved in broad aspects of executive behavioral control. Early studies emphasized its role in the short- ...
Vision for Prehension in the Medial Parietal Cortex - Gallettilab
... cortex (see Fig. 1C). This cortical region belongs to the classic visual association cortex, namely area 19 of Brodmann (for a thorough review on this topic, see Gamberini et al. 2015). However, since the first description of this region, it was evident that not all neurons were visually activated. C ...
... cortex (see Fig. 1C). This cortical region belongs to the classic visual association cortex, namely area 19 of Brodmann (for a thorough review on this topic, see Gamberini et al. 2015). However, since the first description of this region, it was evident that not all neurons were visually activated. C ...
Mirror neurons responding to the observation of ingestive and
... a three-dimensional (3-D) system. This system is constituted of two video-cameras (xc-999p, SONY), a 3-D to 2-D switching box (vrmux2p, VREX), a card and a 3-D projector (VR2100, VREX). Several different hand and mouth actions performed by the experimenter or by the monkey were recorded. Most of the ...
... a three-dimensional (3-D) system. This system is constituted of two video-cameras (xc-999p, SONY), a 3-D to 2-D switching box (vrmux2p, VREX), a card and a 3-D projector (VR2100, VREX). Several different hand and mouth actions performed by the experimenter or by the monkey were recorded. Most of the ...
Travis, F.T. and Arenander, A. (2006). Cross-Sectional
... inner/outer orientation, moral reasoning, and anxiety. The mailing was followed up by phone calls. Individuals returned their tests by mail in an enclosed stamped envelope. Meditation Technique. The Transcendental Meditation technique is practiced with eyes-closed sitting comfortably. It does not in ...
... inner/outer orientation, moral reasoning, and anxiety. The mailing was followed up by phone calls. Individuals returned their tests by mail in an enclosed stamped envelope. Meditation Technique. The Transcendental Meditation technique is practiced with eyes-closed sitting comfortably. It does not in ...
Differential Temporal Storage Capacity in the Baseline Activity of
... FEF neurons than those in V4 neurons. The finding that there are region-specific differences in a neuron’s ability to store the history of its own activity in the absence of sensory or cognitive information processing suggests that there are differences in the intrinsic properties of the neural circ ...
... FEF neurons than those in V4 neurons. The finding that there are region-specific differences in a neuron’s ability to store the history of its own activity in the absence of sensory or cognitive information processing suggests that there are differences in the intrinsic properties of the neural circ ...
Operant conditioning and motor cortex - D
... the relationship between cortical activity and volitional movement was made possible by an increasingly constrained behavioral paradigm. Initially, Evarts had studied ”natural” and spontaneous movements, because they ”allowed PT neuron discharge to be observed under a wide range of physiological con ...
... the relationship between cortical activity and volitional movement was made possible by an increasingly constrained behavioral paradigm. Initially, Evarts had studied ”natural” and spontaneous movements, because they ”allowed PT neuron discharge to be observed under a wide range of physiological con ...
Voluntary Movement: The Primary Motor Cortex
... reaching for a cup, the cause of action is not the object but an internal decision to interact with the object. The presence of the object provides only the opportunity for acting. Voluntary actions involve choices between alternatives, including the choice not to act. Furthermore, they are organize ...
... reaching for a cup, the cause of action is not the object but an internal decision to interact with the object. The presence of the object provides only the opportunity for acting. Voluntary actions involve choices between alternatives, including the choice not to act. Furthermore, they are organize ...
PDF version - Richard Andersen
... from 50 to 270 ms, with median 110 ms. In area 7a, although the and S. These basic phases are common to neurons of both areas range was similar to that of LIP, typically the LS latencies were LIP and 7a. In each phase (LS, M, and S), individual neurons may or may not be active. Most LIP neurons, how ...
... from 50 to 270 ms, with median 110 ms. In area 7a, although the and S. These basic phases are common to neurons of both areas range was similar to that of LIP, typically the LS latencies were LIP and 7a. In each phase (LS, M, and S), individual neurons may or may not be active. Most LIP neurons, how ...
an integrative theory of prefrontal cortex function
... them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional evaluation, etc. The aggregate effect of these bias signals is to guide ...
... them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional evaluation, etc. The aggregate effect of these bias signals is to guide ...
Quantitative and qualitative analysis of sleep
... • Body temperature is slightly reduced during NREM sleep. It is actively maintained at this lower level. • There is decreased thermoregulatory ability during REM sleep. Body temperature drifts towards ambient ...
... • Body temperature is slightly reduced during NREM sleep. It is actively maintained at this lower level. • There is decreased thermoregulatory ability during REM sleep. Body temperature drifts towards ambient ...
22 The Anatomy and Physiology of the Motor System in Humans
... called “skilled” movements, have evolved to the highest levels in humans. In terms of evolutionary biology, motor skill refers to the “ability to solve a motor problem correctly, quickly, rationally and resourcefully” (Bernstein, 1996, cited in Wiesendanger, 1999). According to Wiesendanger (1999), ...
... called “skilled” movements, have evolved to the highest levels in humans. In terms of evolutionary biology, motor skill refers to the “ability to solve a motor problem correctly, quickly, rationally and resourcefully” (Bernstein, 1996, cited in Wiesendanger, 1999). According to Wiesendanger (1999), ...
D27 - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
... EEG review at bedside ......................................................................................................................... 38 Sedated patient ..................................................................................................................................... 38 ...
... EEG review at bedside ......................................................................................................................... 38 Sedated patient ..................................................................................................................................... 38 ...
Predictions not commands: active inference in the motor system
... calls for empirical Bayes. Empirical Bayes uses a hierarchical generative model, in which estimates of causes at one level act as (empirical) priors for the level below. In this way, the brain can recapitulate the hierarchical causal structure of the environment: for example, the meaning of a phrase ...
... calls for empirical Bayes. Empirical Bayes uses a hierarchical generative model, in which estimates of causes at one level act as (empirical) priors for the level below. In this way, the brain can recapitulate the hierarchical causal structure of the environment: for example, the meaning of a phrase ...
Enhanced Modulation of Neuronal Activity during
... running on Pentium PCs. All events were updated every 5 ms, and visual stimuli were presented on a 24-inch cathode-ray tube monitor (GDMFW900; Sony, Tokyo, Japan; refresh rate: 60 Hz) that was located 38 cm away from the eyes and subtended 64 3 44 of visual angle. A 0.5 square spot served as a vi ...
... running on Pentium PCs. All events were updated every 5 ms, and visual stimuli were presented on a 24-inch cathode-ray tube monitor (GDMFW900; Sony, Tokyo, Japan; refresh rate: 60 Hz) that was located 38 cm away from the eyes and subtended 64 3 44 of visual angle. A 0.5 square spot served as a vi ...
Bissonette Gregory B, Gentry Ronny N, Padmala Srikanth, Pessoa L
... a single task. Even fewer have addressed questions related to how anticipated appetitive and aversive outcomes interact to alter neural signals related to expected value, motivation, and salience. Here, we review studies that have addressed this issue in a number of key brain areas, all of which hav ...
... a single task. Even fewer have addressed questions related to how anticipated appetitive and aversive outcomes interact to alter neural signals related to expected value, motivation, and salience. Here, we review studies that have addressed this issue in a number of key brain areas, all of which hav ...
MAY 5, 2000 Submitted to the Annual Review of Neuroscience AN
... patterns of activity that represent goals and the means to achieve them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes, but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional eval ...
... patterns of activity that represent goals and the means to achieve them. They provide bias signals throughout much of the rest of the brain, affecting not only visual processes, but also other sensory modalities, as well as systems responsible for response execution, memory retrieval, emotional eval ...
the organization of behavioral repertoire in motor cortex
... movement control. Traditionally, motor control is studied by examining simple components of movements. This review, however, argues that much greater insight can be gained about specific mechanisms when the motor system is considered in the context of meaningful behavior. The animal’s behavioral repe ...
... movement control. Traditionally, motor control is studied by examining simple components of movements. This review, however, argues that much greater insight can be gained about specific mechanisms when the motor system is considered in the context of meaningful behavior. The animal’s behavioral repe ...
Functional Organization in the Motor Cortex
... the visual components of the task remains open. Is the representation of direction actually a representation of hand-movement direction or is there a representation of target location, or of the cursor trajectory? To that end, I ran another experiment with two runs. The first run was standard, as in ...
... the visual components of the task remains open. Is the representation of direction actually a representation of hand-movement direction or is there a representation of target location, or of the cursor trajectory? To that end, I ran another experiment with two runs. The first run was standard, as in ...
Role of the Basal Ganglia in the Control of Purposive - lsr
... which is a ventral extension of the CD-PUT (199). Although the basal ganglia have limited routes for their inputs and outputs, individual nuclei are often connected with each other, and therefore, it is difficult to understand, solely based on the known anatomical connections, how the information is ...
... which is a ventral extension of the CD-PUT (199). Although the basal ganglia have limited routes for their inputs and outputs, individual nuclei are often connected with each other, and therefore, it is difficult to understand, solely based on the known anatomical connections, how the information is ...
Prosjektoppgave - Mirror neurons_ver4.2
... from the hand field of the F1 area (primary motor cortex) were recorded, the thinking being that if the observation of the experimenter's actions would trigger some comparable movement in the monkey's F5 region, it should also activate the neurons in the F1 region that control them. None of the neu ...
... from the hand field of the F1 area (primary motor cortex) were recorded, the thinking being that if the observation of the experimenter's actions would trigger some comparable movement in the monkey's F5 region, it should also activate the neurons in the F1 region that control them. None of the neu ...
On the Role of the Pontine Brainstem in Vocal Pattern Generation: A
... were tested: activity type, timing of activity, excitation/inhibition, call-pattern correlation, call specificity, and pre-vocal onset time. Statistical analyses were performed for the syllable pre-onset times by a univariate variance analysis (general linear model) comparing general Figure 2. Front ...
... were tested: activity type, timing of activity, excitation/inhibition, call-pattern correlation, call specificity, and pre-vocal onset time. Statistical analyses were performed for the syllable pre-onset times by a univariate variance analysis (general linear model) comparing general Figure 2. Front ...
The Organization of Behavioral Repertoire in Motor Cortex
... circuitry? One potential risk in studying complex actions is that it might hinder a mechanistic or reductionist understanding of movement control. Traditionally, motor control is studied by examining simple components of movements. This review, however, argues that much greater insight can be gained ...
... circuitry? One potential risk in studying complex actions is that it might hinder a mechanistic or reductionist understanding of movement control. Traditionally, motor control is studied by examining simple components of movements. This review, however, argues that much greater insight can be gained ...