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Experiment 1
Experiment 1

... circuits illustrate, each circuit must begin with the circuit statement. The keyword circuit must be preceded by a label that names the circuit. As with all labels, the label on the circuit statement must not be preceded by any spaces, and must end with a colon(:). The colon is not considered to be ...
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... In this chapter, we will be considering signals, analog circuits, and amplifiers. A signal contains some type of information. For example, sound waves produced by a speaking human contain the information the person is conveying to another person. Our physical senses, such as hearing, vision, and tou ...
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... rigorously ensures the material will exceed a minimum acceptable quality. If I were to do this the way I think it ought to be done, I would have prepared the course material in two formats. The first would be a text, identical to the textbooks with which you are familiar, but available online, and i ...
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Integrating ADC



An integrating ADC is a type of analog-to-digital converter that converts an unknown input voltage into a digital representation through the use of an integrator. In its most basic implementation, the unknown input voltage is applied to the input of the integrator and allowed to ramp for a fixed time period (the run-up period). Then a known reference voltage of opposite polarity is applied to the integrator and is allowed to ramp until the integrator output returns to zero (the run-down period). The input voltage is computed as a function of the reference voltage, the constant run-up time period, and the measured run-down time period. The run-down time measurement is usually made in units of the converter's clock, so longer integration times allow for higher resolutions. Likewise, the speed of the converter can be improved by sacrificing resolution.Converters of this type can achieve high resolution, but often do so at the expense of speed. For this reason, these converters are not found in audio or signal processing applications. Their use is typically limited to digital voltmeters and other instruments requiring highly accurate measurements.
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